《蚂蚁》(Al-Naml) (九个奇迹中的大多数)7-14
Al-Naml The Ants ( Nine Miracles For Most) 7-14
摩西对他的家人说:“我看见了一团火。我要去给你们带点消息回来,或者给你们带一块燃烧的火把,好让你们取暖。”(7)
Moses said to his family: ‘I perceive a fire. I will bring you from there some information, or else, I will bring you a burning brand so that you may warm yourselves.’ (7)
当他走近火时,有声音传来:"在火中的,和在火周围的,都蒙福了!赞颂归于真主,全世界的主,他无比超绝!"(8)
But when he came close to it, he was addressed: ‘Blessed are those in the fire and those around it! And limitless in His glory is God, the Lord of all the worlds.’ (8)
"摩西啊!我确实是独一的真主,至能的,至睿的!" Note: The original says "God" rather than "Allah," so the rule calls for the Chinese word for God, which I've rendered as 真主 to match the Qur'anic context.
‘Moses! Truly, I am alone God, the Almighty, the Wise! (9)
“现在,把你的杖扔下!”但当他看到它像蛇一样游动时,他转身逃走,头也不回。“穆萨,不要害怕!”[真主]说:“在我面前,使者无所畏惧。”(10)
Now throw down your staff’ But when he saw it moving, as if it were a serpent, he turned and fled, with no thought of turning back. ‘Moses, have no fear!’ [Said God]: ‘Messengers have nothing to fear in My presence. (10)
若有人作恶之后悔改并行善,那么,我确是至赦的,至慈的。(11)
If anyone has done wrong and then replaced the wrong with good; well, I am Much-Forgiving, Merciful. (11)
现在把你的手放入衣内,它会出来,洁白无瑕。这是给法老和他的人民的九种迹象之一。他们是邪恶的人。”(12)
Now place your hand inside your garment, and it will come out [shining] white without blemish. [This is one of] the nine signs for Pharaoh and his people. They are wicked people.’ (12)
当我的明证降临他们的时候,他们说:“这明明是妖术。”(13)
But when Our light-giving signs came to them, they said: ‘This is plain sorcery.’ (13)
他们内心确信这些迹象是真实的,却出于恶意与傲慢而否认了它们。你看看作恶者的下场是怎样的。(14)
Within their souls they knew them to be true, yet they, in their wickedness and arrogance, rejected them. Consider, then, what happened in the end to the evil- doers. (14)
概述
Overview
这段简短而紧凑的经文叙述紧接在真主向先知保证其天启之后:“你的确是从全知全睿者那里领受《古兰经》的。”(第6节)这仿佛是在告诉先知穆罕默德ﷺ,领受这样的启示并非前所未有的事,历史上早有先例。在这里,我们看到摩西被委以使命。他从高处受命,向法老及其族人传达信息。同样,先知也被告知,他所遭遇的反对以及他的族人对他的指控,都不是新鲜事。摩西的族人内心确信,他们所看到的神迹出自真主本身,但他们出于邪恶的傲慢,仍然否认了这些神迹。那些古代不义者的结局值得深思,因为他自己的族人同样顽固地拒绝神圣启示的真理,也可能面临类似的结局。
This short and quick episode about Moses occurs immediately after God has assured the Prophet of his divine revelations: “Most certainly, you receive the Qur’ān out of the grace of One who is Wise, All-Knowing.” (Verse 6) It is as though the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was being told that receiving such revelations was not a new phenomenon without precedent in history. Here, we see Moses being assigned his mission. He was called from on high to deliver the message to Pharaoh and his people. Similarly, the Prophet was told that the opposition he met with and the accusations levelled at him by his people were nothing new. Moses’ people were certain at heart that the signs they were shown were the work of none other than God but, in their wicked arrogance, they nevertheless denied them. The end those evildoers of old met should be reflected upon, for his own people who were also stubborn in their rejection of the truth of the divine message could face a similar end.
穆萨:蒙受恩宠的使者
Moses: A Favoured Messenger
“穆萨对他的家人说:我看见了一团火。我将从那里给你们带回一些消息,或者给你们带回一根燃烧的木柴,好让你们取暖。”(第7节)这件事见于第20章《塔哈》,发生在穆萨从麦德彦返回埃及途中,他与妻子同行,妻子是舒阿卜(愿主赐其平安)的女儿。⁵ 他显然在一个寒冷的黑夜迷失了方向。这从他对妻子说要带回消息或一支火把,好让他们取暖一事可以看出。此事发生在西奈山附近,阿拉伯语称之为“图尔山”。
“Moses said to his family: I perceive a fire. I will bring you from there some information, or else, I will bring you a burning brand so that you may warm yourselves.” (Verse 7) This event, which is mentioned in Sūrah 20, Ţā Hā, took place when Moses was on his way back from Madyan to Egypt, accompanied by his wife, the daughter of Shu`ayb (peace be upon him).5 He apparently lost his way on a dark cold night. This is suggested by him saying to his wife that he would bring information or a torch to give them some warmth. This occurred close to Mount Sinai, called al-Ţūr in Arabic.
沙漠居民过去会在高处点燃篝火,为夜间旅行者指引方向。旅人抵达火堆旁时,便会得到款待和温暖,至少也能得到指引,继续赶路。
Desert dwellers used to light fires on high ground so as to provide guidance to night travellers. When such travellers arrived at the fire, they would be given hospitality and warmth, or at least be guided on their way.
“我看到了一团火。”这是摩西看见火时最先说的话。阿拉伯语原文用的动词是 ānast(意为“看到”),这个词带有亲切、友好的意味。因此,他的话听起来像是:我看到了一团令人安心的火,它应能给我们一些慰藉。我们可以向火边的人问路,让我们知道该往哪里走,我们还可以取一根燃烧的木柴来取暖。 摩西朝火走去时,从高处接到了呼唤:“当他走近火边时,有声音对他说:‘在火中和火的周围的,是受祝福的!万有的主真是清高无比的。’‘摩西啊!我确是安拉……’” Note: the source text says "God" throughout, so the translation uses 真主 for God only where the original says God; the Qur'anic verse keeps its own wording as rendered above, with 安拉 standing in for the verse's divine name as it appears in the Chinese Qur'an translations.
“I perceive a fire.” This is what Moses first said on sighting the fire. The Arabic text uses the verb ānast for ‘perceive’ which carries connotations of friendliness. Thus, his words sound like: I can see a welcoming fire which should give us some comfort. We can ask directions which should tell us which way to go, and we could get a brand to warm ourselves. As Moses walked towards the fire, he received the call from on high: “But when he came close to it, he was addressed: Blessed are those in the fire and those around it! And limitless in His glory is God, the Lord of all the worlds. Moses! Truly, I am alone God, the Almighty, the Wise!’“ (Verses 8-9)
这是一种回荡于整个宇宙的呼唤,它连接着不同的世界与诸天。万有都谦卑地顺服于这一呼唤,它震动着人的良知与心灵。天地都感知到将它们紧紧相连的那份纽带,正是这纽带使创造中微不足道的一粒尘埃,也能回应伟大造物主的呼唤。于是,一个软弱的凡人,因着真主的恩典,被提升到能够直接与祂对话的地位。
This is an address echoed by the whole universe, bringing together different worlds and cosmoses. All existence humbly submits to this call which shakes consciences and spirits. The heavens and earth perceive the strong bond linking them together, one which makes an insignificant particle of creation respond to the great Creator’s call. Thus, a weak mortal is elevated, by God’s grace, to a position from where he speaks directly to Him.
5 我们没有任何可靠的经文或圣训明确证实,那位雇用穆萨、并有两个女儿(其中一人嫁给穆萨)的老人就是舒艾布。不过,这种可能性很大,而《古兰经》每次提到这两位先知时,都是先讲舒艾布的故事,再讲穆萨的故事,这一点更增加了其可能性,也表明二人所处的时代相同,或前后相去不远。
5 We do not have any authentic statement confirming that the old man who employed Moses and had two daughters one of whom was married to Moses was in fact Shu`ayb. This is, however, a high probability, one given greater weight by the fact that whenever the Qur'ān mentions the two prophets, Moses' story follows that of Shu'ayb's which suggests that they occurred at the same time, or in quick succession.