信士们啊！如果你们服从那些不信道的人，他们会使你们倒退，然后你们就会成为亏损者。的确，真主……
Wait, I must not write "Allah"; the original says "God", so I use the Chinese word for God.
信士们啊！如果你们服从那些不信道的人，他们会使你们倒退，然后你们就会成为亏损者。的确，安拉……
Correction per rules: use the Chinese word for God, not "Allah". Final:
信士们啊！如果你们服从那些不信道的人，他们会使你们转身倒退，那你们就会成为亏损者。的确，唯有上主是你们的至高主宰，祂是最好的援助者。（第149-150节）
Believers, if you obey those who have rejected the faith, they will cause you to turn back on your heels, and you will be the losers. Indeed, God alone is your Lord Supreme and He is the best of all who bring succour. (Verses 149-50)
接下来开始《古兰经》对乌侯德战役及其事件进行回顾的另一段经文。其中的论述旨在纠正信士们的观念，提升他们对自身处境的认识，警示他们前路上的陷阱，以及敌人可能对他们策划的阴谋。
Another passage within the context of the Qur’ān’s review of the Battle of Uĥud and its events now begins. The comments it includes aim at correcting the concepts of the believers, enhancing their awareness of their situation, warning them of pitfalls which lie in their way and what the enemy may scheme against them.
在乌侯德战役中穆斯林的失败，为麦地那的不信者、伪信者和犹太人散布敌对宣传提供了合适的气候。
The defeat of the Muslims at Uĥud provided the unbelievers, the hypocrites and the Jews in Madinah with a suitable climate to spread their hostile propaganda.
麦地那尚未完全成为穆斯林的城市。那里的穆斯林在很大程度上是一个外来群体，而巴德尔战役的辉煌胜利赋予了他们令人敬畏的地位。
Madinah was not yet a wholly Muslim city. The Muslims there were largely a foreign element, to which the spectacular victory at Badr imparted an awe-inspiring stature.
当他们在乌侯德战役中失败后，态度发生了明显的变化。伊斯兰的敌人从这次失败中找到了公开敌意、散布恶毒谣言的机会。他们迅速利用这场使每个穆斯林家庭都受到影响的悲剧，试图在穆斯林心中制造混乱。
When they were defeated at Uĥud, attitudes were markedly changed. The enemies of Islam found in that defeat a chance to declare their hostility and spread their poisonous rumours. They were quick to exploit the tragedy which had affected every Muslim family and to try to create confusion in the minds of Muslims.
在对战役实际经过的《古兰经》叙述之初，真主亲自郑重地警告信士们，不要顺从那些拒绝信仰的人。
At the outset of the Qur’ānic report of the actual events of the battle, God Himself emphatically warns the believers against obeying those who have rejected the faith.
我们听到祂(荣耀无限)应许信士们战胜敌人,同时在敌人心中投下恐惧,并提醒他们在战争第一阶段祂所赐予的胜利,这是对祂先前应许的兑现。然而,当他们软弱下来,并违背了真主使者的明确命令时,他们便浪费了那份胜利。现在,祂描绘了战斗中相反的情景:在信士们遭受失败之后,祂给予他们安慰,而让伪信者陷入他们自己的忧虑和困惑之中。祂向他们揭示了祂让事态朝那个方向发展的部分目的,阐明了人的死亡时间的真正性质。最后,祂警告他们不要信从不信道者所宣扬的、关于死亡和殉道的错误观念。祂提醒他们,所有人,无论是按照正常的进程死去,还是在战场上死去,最终都将复活并归于真主。
We hear Him (limitless is He in His glory) promising the believers victory over their enemy coupled with striking a feeling of fear in the hearts of these enemies, and reminding them of the victory He has granted them in the first round of their war, in fulfilment of His earlier promise. They, however, had squandered that victory when they weakened, and disobeyed the express orders of God’s Messenger. Now He portrays the opposite scenes of the battle when He gives reassurance to the believers after their defeat, leaving the hypocrites to their own worry and confusion. He reveals to them a part of His purpose in letting events move in the direction they did, explaining the true nature of the timing of people’s deaths. He warns them at the end against the erroneous notions promoted by the unbelievers in relation to death and martyrdom. He reminds them that all people, whether they die in the normal course of events or in battle, will eventually be resurrected and return to God.
当我们仔细考察这些经文时，会发现它们描绘了大量的场景，同时也强调了一些对伊斯兰哲学、人类生活和普遍法则都至关重要的原则。整场战役以简洁、生动而深刻的笔触勾勒出来。它们准确地描述了战役的氛围、事件与情势，以及当时信士们所展现的一切情感和态度。毫无疑问，要在如此短小的篇幅、寥寥数句之中涵盖所有这些场景和原则，即便表达得生动鲜明，也超出了人类语言表达的能力。这一点，对于熟悉不同文体与表达方法的人来说，会更容易理解。
When we examine these verses carefully, we realise that they describe a vast array of scenes and emphasise at the same time a number of principles which are fundamental to Islamic philosophy, human life and universal law. The whole battle is depicted in quick, lively and penetrating sketches. They accurately describe the atmosphere, events and circumstances of the battle, along with all the feelings and attitudes displayed by the believers at that time. There is no doubt that it is beyond human expression to include all these scenes and all these principles in such a short passage and a small number of sentences, vivid as they may be. This is a point which can be better understood by those familiar with different styles and methods of expression.
信士们啊！如果你们服从那些不信道的人，他们会使你们倒退，然后你们就会成为亏损者。的确，真主……
Wait, I must not write "Allah"; the original says "God", so I use the Chinese word for God.
信士们啊！如果你们服从那些不信道的人，他们会使你们倒退，然后你们就会成为亏损者。的确，安拉……
Correction per rules: use the Chinese word for God, not "Allah". Final:
信士们啊！如果你们服从那些不信道的人，他们会使你们转身倒退，那你们就会成为亏损者。的确，唯有上主是你们的至高主宰，祂是最好的援助者。（第149-150节）
Believers, if you obey those who have rejected the faith, they will cause you to turn back on your heels, and you will be the losers. Indeed, God alone is your Lord Supreme and He is the best of all who bring succour. (Verses 149-50)
麦地那的不信者、伪信者和犹太人抓住穆斯林战败所造成的机会，警告穆斯林不要跟随穆罕默德ﷺ。
The unbelievers, the hypocrites and the Jews in Madinah seized the opportunity created by the defeat of the Muslims to warn them against following Muĥammad.
他们把即将与古莱什的多神教徒及其盟友作战的前景描绘得黯淡无光。在战败之后，社会氛围为散布混乱、削弱士兵对领袖的信任提供了便利。与此同时，与胜利者达成和平协议的想法却被描绘得诱人无比。个人的悲痛被利用，成为旨在摧毁穆斯林群体乃至伊斯兰教本身的邪恶图谋的一部分。
They painted to them in dark colours the gloomy prospects of going to war and fighting the idolaters of the Quraysh and its allies. In the aftermath of defeat, the social climate provides easy opportunities to spread confusion and to weaken the trust of soldiers in their leaders. By the same token the idea of establishing a peaceful accord with the victors was painted in tempting colours. Personal grief was being exploited as part of the wicked design aiming to destroy the Muslim community and Islam altogether.
因此,真主警告信士们不要听从那些拒绝信仰的人,因为这种顺从必然导致彻底的失败,不会带来任何益处。这意味着从信仰退回到不信的彻底倒退。信士要么继续与那些坚持虚假、拒绝信仰的人作斗争,要么掉头而去——真主保佑——从而成为不信道者。信士不可能采取中间立场,试图保持中立,同时又坚守自己的信仰。在遭遇失败和灾难的影响下,他可能会心生此类念头。他甚至可能想象自己可以在面对更强大的力量时放弃战斗,与那个敌人建立和平,同时保留自己的信仰。然而,这是一个巨大的幻觉。在信仰的整个问题上,一个不向前迈进的人只能倒退。如果一个人不与不信、邪恶、虚假和暴政作斗争,他就必须撤退,掉头投入这一切邪恶之中。一个人如果因为信仰而不能阻止自己顺从不信道者、信任他们,那么实际上他为了他们而牺牲了自己的信仰本身。当他与自己信仰的敌人为友并遵从他们的指令时,他在精神上已经败北。既然他从失败开始,最终就无法逃脱失败,他必然会回归对信仰的拒绝,尽管他可能并不认为自己会走到这一步。信士应当对自己的信仰和领导感到满足,以至于无需向信仰的敌人请教。如果他听从他们一次,实际上就已经开始了掉头而去的过程。这是一个基本而诚实的道理,真主以此提醒信士们注意:
Hence, God warns the believers against giving heed to those who have rejected the faith, because that obedience will inevitably result in utter loss. Nothing good can come from it. It represents a complete about-turn from a state of disbelief. A believer either continues to fight those who cling to falsehood and reject faith, or turns on his heels — God forbid — thus becoming an unbeliever. It is not possible for a believer to take an in-between attitude, trying to maintain neutrality while at the same time hanging on to his faith. He may harbour some such thoughts in the wake of defeat and under the influence of calamity. He may even imagine that he can withdraw from battle against a mightier power, and establish peace with that enemy, and, at the same time, retain his faith. This, however, is a great delusion. In the whole question of faith, a person who does not move forward can only go backwards. If one does not fight disbelief, evil, falsehood and tyranny, one must beat retreat and turn back on one’s heels to embrace all this evil. A person whose faith does not stop him from obeying unbelievers and having trust in them sacrifices, in fact, his very faith for their sake. He is spiritually defeated when he befriends the enemies of his faith and follows their directives. As he starts with defeat, he cannot escape from it at the end. He is bound to revert to rejection of the faith, although he may not imagine that such would be his end. A believer is satisfied with his faith and leadership to such an extent that he has no need to consult the enemies of his faith. If he listens to them once, he actually begins the process of turning back on his heels. This is an elementary and honest truism to which God draws the attentions of the believers:
“信道的人们啊！如果你们服从不信道的人，他们就会使你们倒退，那你们就成为亏折的人了。”{Qur'an 3:149}在人已经获得信仰之后，还有什么亏损比倒退更大呢？信仰丧失之后，又还能获得什么利益呢？
“Believers, if you obey those who have rejected the faith they will cause you to turn back on your heels, and you will be the losers.” What loss is greater than turning back on one’s heels, after one has attained to faith? What benefits may be gained after loss of faith has taken place?
如果顺从不信道者的倾向是出于对庇护与援助的期望，这同样是一个巨大的迷误。《古兰经》并未专门论述这一迷误，而是提醒信士真正的助力、庇护与援助从何而来："的确，真主是你们的主宰，祂是最优秀的援助者。"信士正是向祂祈求扶持与胜利。以真主为其助佑者的人，丝毫不需要造物中的任何一者。若他已得到真主的扶持，那么任何受造之物的扶持对他又有何用呢？
If the tendency to obey the unbelievers is motivated by hopes of protection and succour, this is also a great delusion. The Qur’ān does not discuss this delusion, but reminds the believers of where true help, protection and succour come from: “Indeed God alone is your Lord Supreme and He is the best of all who bring succour.” It is to Him that the believers pray for support and victory. He who has God for his supporter has no need whatsoever for any of His creation. If he has the support of God, what use to him is the support of any creature?