《天房》(Al-Najm)
Al-Najm (The Star)
序言
Prologue
总的来说,这一章读来宛如一部精妙的交响乐。从头至尾,一条优美的旋律贯穿其言辞结构以及押韵的句尾。这在某些地方尤为明显,也显然是刻意为之:为了保持节拍或韵脚,会增添或选用某个词,同时这也增强了词义。例如经文说:“你们看过拉特和欧扎,以及第三个麦纳额吗?”(第19—20节)若第二节说“以及第三个麦纳额”,节奏就会被打破,节拍无法保持;反之,若说“以及另一个麦纳额”,韵脚又无法保持。所用的每个词都有助于词义,而保持格律与韵脚也是刻意的安排。同样,经文说“难道你们有男性,而他有女性?那就是不公的分配。”(第21—22节)中的“那么”(idhan)一词,既是为了保持格律与节拍所必需,也有其艺术上的用意。1
As a whole, this surah comes across as a superb symphony. From start to finish, a fine tune runs through its verbal structure, as well as its rhyming verse endings. This is especially apparent and deliberate at certain points, where a word is added or preferred to maintain the beat or the rhyme, in addition to how it enhances the meaning. One example is found in the two verses saying: “Have you considered al-Lat and al- (Uzza> and Manat, the third other?" (Verses 19-20) Had the second verse said, ‘and Manat, the third’, the metre would have been broken and the beat would not have been maintained. On the other hand, had it said, and Manat, the other one,’ the rhyme would not have been maintained. Each of the words used contributes to the meaning, but maintaining the metre and the rhyme is also deliberate. The same may be said where the word then is used in the verses: “Are you to have the male and He the female? That would then be an unfair division." (Verses 21-22) This word idhan, or then, is necessary to maintain the metre and the beat, but it also serves an artistic purpose.1