真主安慰先知ﷺ,告诉他,在真主的使者中,他并非唯一遭受嘲笑和拒绝的人,那些使者和他一样,都曾是大量讥讽与排斥的对象。不信道的人总是习惯于固执地拒绝真正的信仰。
God consoles the Prophet (peace be upon him), and tells him that he is not unique in his position among God’s messengers who, like him, were the target of much ridicule and rejection. The unbelievers are always wont to show their stubbornness in denying the true faith.
“我确已在你之前派遣使者到古代的各个民族中,但每当有使者来到他们那里,他们都嘲笑他。”(第10-11节)这是同样的故事。
“Indeed We have sent before you messengers to communities of old, but whenever a messenger came to any of them they mocked at him.” (Verses 10-11) It is the same story.
正如过去各民族中的不信者接受了真主的使者所传达的信息一样,你们这个民族中的不信者也是如此,他们表现出相同的态度。他们的心已背离真主的启示,并敌视真主所拣选的使者,因而再也无法像应有的那样去思考或接受一个讯息:"我就这样使它(即对启示的嘲弄)进入罪人的心中,他们不信它,而前人的常道已经过去了。"(第12-13节)当这真理被否认、遭受嘲笑时,我们就让这种态度沉入他们的心中,因为他们的心只能以这种方式接受它。这适用于所有的世代和民族,无论过去、现在还是将来。那些否认真主讯息之真实性的人,其本性都是一样的:"前人的常道已经过去了。"(第13节)
Just like the unbelievers in the communities of old received what God’s messengers told them, the same is the case with the unbelievers in your community. They all show the same attitude. Their hearts, having turned away from God’s messages and been hostile to God’s chosen messengers, are no longer able to reflect or receive a message as it should be received: “Thus do We cause it [i.e. this scorn of the revelation] to slip into the hearts of the guilty, who do not believe in it, although the ways of ancient communities have gone before them.” (Verses 12-13) We let it sink into their hearts as its truth is denied, subject to ridicule, because their hearts cannot receive it except in this way. This applies to all generations and communities, past, present and future. Those who deny the truth of God’s message are of the same nature: “The ways of ancient communities have gone before them.” (Verse 13)
这并不是他们所缺乏的关于真主启示之真实性的恰当证据。他们冥顽不化,不愿改变,无论给他们看到什么样的迹象和证据。在这一点上,这章经文给出了一幅特别生动的画面,描绘了令人厌恶的顽固和卑劣的执拗:“即使我为不信道者开启天门,他们竟得以升上去,他们必定会说:‘我们的眼睛确是被迷惑了,实在我们是被施了魔法的人。’”(第14-15节)
我们可以想象他们沿着天空一步步向上攀登,穿过为他们开启的一扇特殊之门,他们身体力行地攀登,亲眼看见那扇敞开的门。然而他们的顽固态度依旧,否认自己所看到和感觉到的事实,声称一定有人对他们施了魔法,使他们无法看清。他们断言,眼前所见不过是幻象:“我们的眼睛确是被迷惑了,实在我们是被施了魔法的人。”(第15节)在他们看来,我们所看到和感觉到的一切,都只是虚幻。
It is not proper evidence of the truth of God’s message that they lack. They are stubborn, unwilling to change, no matter what signs and proofs are given to them. At this point, the sūrah gives a particularly rich image of repugnant obstinacy and mean strong-headedness: “If We opened for the unbelievers a gateway to heaven and they had ascended higher and higher, still they would surely say: ‘It is only our eyes that are spellbound! Indeed, we must have been bewitched.’“ (Verses 14-15) We can imagine them ascending higher and higher into the sky, going through a special door that opens for them, and they climb physically and see with their eyes the open door. Yet their stubborn attitude remains, whereby they deny the truth of what they see and feel, claiming that someone must have cast a spell over them so that they cannot see clearly. They claim that what they see is mere fantasy: “It is only our eyes that are spellbound! Indeed, we must have been bewitched.” (Verse 15) All we see and feel is mere illusion.
与这样的人争辩毫无益处。他们已经拥有所需的一切证据来使自己相信。阻碍他们的并不是没有天使降临到他们身边,因为他们自身的升腾,比天使的降临是更大的证据,也更接近他们。相反,是他们那种毫无羞耻的顽固,使他们无视并拒绝那清楚明白的真理。
There is no use arguing with such people. They have all the evidence they need to believe. What prevents them is not that the angels have not been sent down to them, because their own ascension is greater evidence and closer to them than the angels descending. Instead it is their shameless obstinacy which causes them to disregard and reject the clearly manifest truth.
这便是人类顽固的一个例子,而这正是此章所描绘的景象。它所引来的,只有厌恶与轻蔑。这一例子既非暂时的,也非地方性的,更不是某个特定环境、某个特定时期的产物。
This then is an example of human stubbornness which the sūrah paints. It is met only with a feeling of disgust and contempt. This example is neither temporary nor local, nor is it the product of a particular environment at a particular period of time.
这是一个例子,说明人在本性被扭曲、接受能力受损时的状况。他们与周围有生命的宇宙隔绝,无法接收它所发出的种种信号。就我们这一代而言,这一例子适用于那些遵循唯物主义教条的无神论者,他们自称信奉“科学”,实则远离科学与知识,也远离洞察与启示。
It is an example of human beings when their nature has been distorted and their faculties of reception impaired. They are cut off from the living universe around them and all the signals it gives. In our own generation, this example applies to atheists who follow materialistic creeds which they claim to be ‘scientific’, when they are far removed from science and knowledge, as well as from insight and inspiration.
倡导唯物主义学说的人不信奉真主,否认祂的存在。
Advocates of materialistic doctrines disbelieve in God and deny His existence.
他们声称宇宙无需造物主而存在,并且没有一位掌控其中一切发生之事的主宰。他们据此主张和否认,进而构建起社会、政治、经济乃至所谓“道德”的信条,甚至宣称这些信条是“科学”的。的确,他们说,他们的信条才是唯一科学的信条。
They claim that the universe exists without a Creator who controls whatever takes place in it. They then formulate on the basis of their claims and denials social, political, economic and ‘moral’ creeds, even stating that such are ‘scientific’. Indeed, they say that their creeds are the only scientific ones.
尽管有大量证据证明神对宇宙的掌控,他们却缺乏对神之存在的感受,这清楚地表明他们的感知能力已受损。
This lack of feeling of God’s existence despite all the evidence that testifies to His control of the universe clearly indicates that their receptive faculties are impaired.
他们否认真主的顽固与无礼,并不亚于《古兰经》经文中所描绘的那样:{即使我为他们打开天门,让他们不断地升上去,他们仍会说:“我们的眼睛确实是被迷惑了,我们确实是中了魔法。”}(第15章第14-15节)宇宙中存在的证据是如此多样而显著,其力量甚至超过他们升上天际所能见到的景象。这些证据以公开与私下的方式向每一个健全的天性诉说,所说的道理如此有力,以至于人的天性必须毫无疑问地接受。
Their persistence in denying God is no less rude and impudent than that painted in the Qur’ānic text: “If We opened for the unbelievers a gateway to heaven and they had ascended higher and higher, still they would surely say: ‘It is only our eyes that are spellbound! Indeed, we must have been bewitched.’“ (Verses 14-15) The evidence that is available in the universe is so varied and manifest that it is stronger than their ascension to heaven. That evidence addresses every sound nature in an open and private manner, saying what is so powerful that human nature must accept without question.
当我们审视宇宙时,会发现其中有无数定律在完美和谐地运行,以维持其各种现象与存在。此外,宇宙还具有许多相互补充的方面,使生命得以在其某些部分出现。
When we look at the universe we find that it has countless laws working in perfect harmony to maintain its phenomena and existence. Moreover, it has so many complementary aspects which allow life to come into existence in certain parts of it.
所以,若要断言这个宇宙无需造物主而存在,这是人类的心智无法接受的。它与人的本性格格不入,遭到人性的全然拒斥。不仅如此,科学对自然的理解越深入,对宇宙的探索越深刻,所揭示的奥秘越多,那种宇宙自我存在、自行运转的说法就显得越发牵强。事实上,人类的知识越丰富,科学就越清楚地承认:是造物主在掌控着宇宙。未被扭曲的人性,一旦接收到宇宙所发出的清晰信号,便会接受这一真理。在近代科学证据被揭示出来之前很久,人性就已经接受了它。
So to claim that this universe exists without a creator, is something that the human mind cannot accept. It is wholeheartedly rejected by human nature. Not only so, but the better science understands nature and the more deeply it penetrates into the universe and the more of its secrets it uncovers, the notion of self existence and uncontrolled operation seems even more far-fetched. In fact, the greater human knowledge becomes, the more clearly science admits that it is the Creator who controls the universe. Undistorted human nature accepts this truth once it receives the clear signals the universe makes. It has accepted it long before recent scientific evidence supporting it has come to light.