Ahdga xiyonat
Breach of Faith
Alloh Taolo aytadi: {Ey iymon keltirganlar! Allohga va Rasulga xiyonat qilmanglar, shuningdek bilib turib o'zlaringizga omonat qilib topshirilgan narsalarda xiyonat qilmanglar.} (Al-Anfol: 27)
Allah Most High says, {O ye that believe! Betray not the trust of Allah and the Messenger, nor misappropriate knowingly things entrusted to you.} (Al-anfal: 27)
Al-Vohidiy (Allohning rahmati unga bo'lsin) dedi: "Bu oyat Abu Lubobaga nisbatan nozil bo'lgan. Uni Payg'ambar ﷺ Banu Quraiza yahudiylariga, musulmonlar ularning yerlarini qamal qilgan paytda, yuborgan edilar. Yahudiylar Abu Lubobaga dedilar: «Bu oilalar yahudiylar orasida yashaydi. Sa'dning hukmiga bo'ysunish haqida nima deysiz?» Shunda Abu Luboba tomog'iga ishora qildi, ya'ni Sa'd sizlarni so'yilishga hukm qiladi. Abu Luboba dedi: «Men Allohga va Uning Elchisiga xiyonat qilganimni anglamagunimcha, o'z joyimdan qimirlamadim»." «Shuningdek, bilib turib sizga ishonib topshirilgan narsalarga xiyonat qilmanglar» degani shuki, musulmonlarga omonatlariga xiyonat qilmaslik buyurilgan, chunki Allohga va Uning Elchisiga ﷺ xiyonat qilish man etilgan. Ibn Abbos (Allohning roziligi unga bo'lsin) dedi: «Omonat» — bu Alloh odamga ishonib topshirgan narsa, ya'ni din. Shuning uchun uni buzish man etilgan.
AI-Wahidi (may Allah bestow mercy on him) said, "This verse is revealed concerning Abu Lubabah who was sent by the Prophet (pbuh) to the Jews of Banu Quraizah during the siege of Muslims to their land. The Jews said to Abu Lubabah, these families are living among the Jews, what do you say concerning the submission to the judgment of sai'd. Abu Lubabah then pointed at his throat meaning that Sa'd would sentence you to be slaughtered. Abu Lubabah said, "I have not moved from my place until I realized that I betrayed Allah and His Messenger.” "Nor misappropriate knowingly things entrusted to you" means that Muslims are commanded to avoid betraying their trusts as they are prohibited to betray Allah and His Messenger (pbuh). Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "Trust" means what Alah has entrusted Man with, i.e, the religious. Thus they are prohibited.
Al-Kalbiy tushuntirdi: "Allohga va Uning Elchisiga (ﷺ) itoatsizlik qilish amanatga xiyonat qilish demakdir.
AI-Kalbi explained, "Disobedience to Allah and His Messenger (pbuh) means betraying the trust.
Biroq, inson boshqa amanatlar, masalan, diniy farizalar bilan ham ishonib topshirilgan, va u ularga yashirincha xiyonat qilishi mumkin." "Bilib turib" degani shuki, inson amanatlarga xiyonat qilishdan qaytarilgan, faqat o'sha amanatlarning muqaddasligini shubhasiz bilgan paytida.
However, man is entrusted with the other trusts like the religious duties even he can unlawfully betray them in secret." "Knowingly" refers to the fact that man is commanded to avoid betraying the trusts as long as he undoubtedly knows the sacredness of these trusts.
Shuningdek, Yusuf kalomi bilan aytganda, Qur'oni Karim bizga bayon qiladi: {Alloh buzuq ahllarning hiylasini yo'lga solmaydi.} (Yusuf:
The Glorious Qur’an moreover explains, {Allah will never guide the snare of the false ones.} (Yusuf:
52) Bu ulug‘vor oyat shuni bildiradiki, Alloh xiyonatkor kishilarning ishlarini doimo to‘g‘rilab turadi. Qiyomat kuni U ularning ayblarini odamlar oldida oshkor qiladi.
52) This glorious verse indicates that Allah will ever set the affairs of the treacherous ones in order. On the Day of Judgment, He will publicize their faults before people.
Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degan: "Munofiqning uchta alomati bor: gapirsa yolg'on gapiradi, va'da bersa, uni buzadi, omonat topshirilsa, unga xiyonat qiladi."1
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Three are the signs of the hypocrite: When he talks, he lies; when he makes a promise, he breaks it and when he is given a trust, he betrays.”1
U ayni paytda aytdi: "Omonatni saqlay olmagan kishining imoni yo'q. Ahdga vafo qila olmagan kishining dini yo'q." Ba'zi ishlar boshqalaridan og'irroqdir. Arzimas narsa uchun kishini aldagan odam, xotini va mol-mulki borasida xiyonat qilib, zulm-zo'ravonlik ko'rsatgan odamga o'xshamaydi.
He (pbuh) also said, "Someone who cannot keep a trust is devoid of faith. Some one who cannot keep an agreement is devoid of religion. " Some matters is worse than the others. A person who cheats one for a pittance is not like a person who betrays one concerning one's wife and money, perpetrating outrages.
Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday dedilar: "Sizga omonat topshirganga omonatni ado eting va sizga xiyonat qilganga xiyonat qilmang."
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Fulfill your trust to the one who entrusted you and do not betray the one who betrayed you.” 2
Hadisda aytilgan: "Mo'min odamda har qanday nuqson bo'lishi mumkin, faqat xiyonat va yolg'on bundan mustasno."1
Also the hadith states, "A believer may be naturally disposed to any shortcoming except treachery and lying.” 1
Allohning Elchisi ﷺ yana shunday dedilar: "Alloh Taolo aytadi: "Shерik bo'lganlarning ustiga, bir-birlariga xiyonat qilmagunlaricha, Men baraka beraman"." Correction to the above, cleanly rendered: Allohning Elchisi ﷺ yana shunday dedilar: "Alloh Taolo aytadi: "Sheriklar bir-birlariga xiyonat qilmaguncha, Men ularga baraka beraman"."2
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) declared further, "Allah Most High says, 'I bless the partners as long as no one betrays the other.”2
"Odamlar orasida yo'qolib boradigan birinchi xislat — amonat, eng oxirgisi esa — namozdir, lekin ba'zi kishilarning namozi hech qanday foyda bermasligi mumkin."3
"Trust is the first of characteristics to disappear among people, where as prayer is the last one and the prayer of some persons may be of no avail.”3
Payg'ambar ﷺ ummatni ogohlantirib shunday dedilar: "Xiyonatdan ehtiyot bo'linglar, chunki u eng yomon hamroh-sherikdir."
The Prophet (pbuh) cautioned the Ummah saying, "Beware of treachery for it is the worst companion.” 4
Ibn Mas'ud (Alloh u bilan rozi bo'lsin) shunday izohladi: "Qiyomat kuni amanatga xiyonat qilgan kishilarga uni ado etish buyuriladi. Shunda ular hayron bo'lib: "Dunyoda yo'q bo'lib ketgan narsani qanday qilib ado etamiz!" deyishadi. Shu lahzada ularga do'zaxning eng past darajasi ko'rsatiladi."
Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) explained, "On the Day of Judgment, the persons who betrayed their trust will be commanded to fulfill it. Consequently, they would wonder, 'How can we fulfill what had been perished in the worldly life!" At this moment it would be pictured in the basest rank of Hellfire.
Jahannamning shu joyidan olib kelishni buyurilgach, xiyonatkor kishi uni yelkasiga ortib olib yurar va uni dunyo tog'laridan ham og'irroq deb topardi. U Jahannamning eng yuqori qismiga yetguncha, amanat Jahannamning eng past darajasiga tushib ketardi va bu abadiy davom etardi. Ibn Mas'ud yana qo'shdi: "Namoz ham amanatdir, taharat ham amanatdir, badan ibodati ham amanatdir, o'lchov ham amanatdir, amanatlarning eng ulug'i esa omonatlardir."
Having commanded to bring it from this place of Hell, the treacherous one would carry it over his shoulder and would find it heavier than the mountains of the world. As long as he reaches the top of the Hell, the trust would fall to the basest rank of Hell and it will happen forever" Ibn Ma'ud added, "Prayer is a trust, ablution is a trust, Body-worship is a trust, measuring is a trust and the' greatest form of trusts is the deposits."
Muttafaqun alayh.
1 Agreed upon.
2 Ahmad tomonidan rivoyat qilingan.
2 Reported by Ahmad.
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1 Al-Buxoriy rivoyat qilgan.
1 Reported by A1-Bukhari.
2 Abu Dovud rivoyat qilgan.
2 Reported by Abu Dawud.
3 Ibn Hajar al-Haytamiy tomonidan Majma' az-Zavaid kitobida rivoyat qilingan.
3 Reported by Ibn Hajar Al-Haithami in Majma' Zawaid.
4 Abu Dovud tomonidan rivoyat qilingan.
4 Reported by Abu Dawud.