Faqat avvalgi eriga qaytish uchun nikohlanish
Marrying Solely to Return to the Previous Husband
Ibn Mas'ud (Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin) rivoyat qilishicha: "Allohning Elchisi ﷺ o'zini ajrashgan ayolga faqat uning birinchi eriga halollash uchun uylanadigan erkakni la'natladi."
Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said that "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) cursed the man who marries a women after her divorce solely to permit her first husband.” 1
Biroq, bu hukm 'Umar ibn al-Xattob, 'Usmon ibn 'Affon, 'Ali ibn Abu Tolib va tobe'inlar faqihlari kabi chuqur ilm egalari barchasining fikriga muvofiqdir. Bu rivoyatni Imom Ahmad o'zining "Musnad" kitobida va an-Nasa'iy o'zining "Sunan" kitobida sahih isnod bilan keltirgan.
However, this ruling comes in accordance with the opinion of all men of profound knowledge like 'Umar Ibn AI-Khattab, 'Uthman Ibn 'Affan, 'Ali Ibn Abi Talib and the jurists of the successors. It is reported also by Imam Ahmad in his Musnad and An-Nasa'i in his Sunan with sahih transmission.
Ibn 'Abbos (Allohning roziligi unga bo'lsin) rivoyat qilishicha, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ dan bir kishi o'zining taloq qilingan xotiniga birinchi eri qaytib olishi uchun faqat shu maqsadda uylangan kishining hukmi haqida so'ralgan. Shunda u zot ﷺ: «Yo'q (bunday nikoh to'g'ri emas), to'g'ri nikoh ixtiyor va xohish asosida bo'lishi kerak. Aldovga yoki Allohning Kitobiga zid bo'lgan har qanday nikohga ruxsat berilmaydi. Nikohning to'g'ri bo'lishi uchun shahvoniy ehtiyojni qondirish sharti bor», deb javob bergan.2
Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was asked about the ruling of the one who marries solely to permit the first husband to return to his divorced wife, whereupon he said, "No (it is not a legal marriage), the legal marriage should be founded on wish and desire. No marriage is permitted which is based on deception or contradiction to Allah's Book. Satisfaction of sexual desires is a condition for legal marriage.”2
Uqba ibn Omir rivoyat qilishicha, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ bir kuni so'radilar: "Sizlarga kiraylangan echkini aytib berayinmi?" Odamlar: "Ha, ey Allohning Elchisi!" — dedilar. U zot ﷺ tushuntirdilar: "U o'sha kishiki, faqat birinchi eri ajrashgan xotiniga qaytishi uchun nikoh o'qiydi. Albatta, Ulug' va Oliy Alloh bunga ham, avvalgi erga ham la'nat qildi."3
'Uqbah Ibn 'Amr said that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) once asked, "Would I tell you about the hired billy goat?" "Yes: O Messenger of Allah!" the people said. He (pbuh) explained, "It is the one who marries solely to permit the first husband to return to his divorced wife. Verily, Allah Most High cursed this one and the former husband as well.”3
Bir kishi Ibn 'Umarga (Alloh ulardan rozi bo'lsin) dedi: "Men bir ayolga uylandim, niyatim uning birinchi eriga qayta turmushga chiqishiga ruxsat berish edi. Lekin buni birinchi erning xabarisiz qildim va u menga buni buyurmagan edi. Bunda biror gunoh bormi?" Ibn 'Umar (Alloh ikkovlaridan rozi bo'lsin) javob berdi: "Oh, bu joiz emas. Joiz nikoh to'liq istakka asoslanishi kerak: xohlasang, uni ushlab qolasan, xohlasang, talaq berasan. Payg'ambar ﷺ hayotligida biz sening nikohingga o'xshagan nikohni harom jinsiy aloqa deb hisoblardik." Bundan tashqari, faqat birinchi eriga qaytish maqsadida ayolga uylanish harakatini qoralovchi ko'plab rivoyatlar bor. Quyidagilar ulardan ba'zilaridir:
Once a man said to Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) "I have married a woman with the intention of permitting her first husband to remarry her. However, I have done so without the knowledge of the previous husband and he did not command me to do this. Is there any wrong?" Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) replied, "Oh, it is not legal. Permissible marriage should be based on complete desire, if you wish, you could hold her and if you wish you could divorce her. In the lifetime of the Prophet (pbuh), we used to consider the like of your marriage as illicit sexual relation." Moreover, there are many narrations and reports that condemn the act of marring a woman solely to return to her first husband. The following are some of these narrations:
Ibn al-Mundhir va Ath-Thram rivoyat qilishicha, Umar (roziyallohu anhu) shunday degan: "Kimki ajrashgan ayolini qayta nikohlash uchun (birinchi eriga halollash maqsadida) nikohlanib, so'ngra ajrashsa, uni toshbo'ron qilib o'ldirardim. Shuningdek, birinchi erni ham toshbo'ron qilib o'ldirardim." Umar (roziyallohu anhu)dan ayolni birinchi eriga qaytish uchun nikohlash haqida so'ralganda, u shunday javob bergan: "Bu harom jinsiy aloqadir." Abdulloh ibn Sharavk al-Amiriy aytadi: "Men Ibn Umar (roziyallohu anhumo)ning quyidagi savolga javob berganini eshitdim: bir kishi o'z amakisining qizini taloq qilgan, so'ngra boshqa biri uni birinchi erining unga qaytishi uchun nikohlamoqchi bo'lgan. Ibn Umar (roziyallohu anhu) shunday tushuntirgan: 'Birinchi er ham, keyingisi ham zinokordir, garchi nikoh 20 yil davom etsa ham. Birinchi erning unga qaytishi maqsadida nikoh bo'lsa, asosiy mezon — o'zi uchun la'natni keltiradigan niyatdir.'" Bir kishi Ibn Abbos (roziyallohu anhu)dan so'radi: "Amakimning o'g'li xotinini taloq qildi va endi pushaymon bo'ldi." Ibn Abbos javob berdi: "Amakingning o'g'li Allohga itoatsizlik qildi, shuning uchun pushaymon bo'lishga duchor bo'ldi. Shaytonga itoat qildi, u esa uni qutqara olmaydi." Kishi so'radi: "Bir kishi uni qayta nikohlash uchun boshqa erga tegishini xohlasa, nima deysiz?" U javob berdi: "U Allohni aldamoqchi bo'ladi, lekin aslida Alloh uni aldaydi." Ibrohim an-Nakhaiy aytdi: "Agar birinchi er, ikkinchi er yoki ayol faqat birinchi erning ajrashgan xotiniga qaytishi uchun nikoh qilmoqchi bo'lsa, bu nikoh noqonuniy bo'ladi." Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab bu masala haqida shunday degan: "Islomda bu man etilgan." Malik ibn Anas, al-Lays ibn Sa'd, Sufyon as-Savriy, Imom Ahmad va boshqa buyuk olimlar ham shu fikrda. Imom Shofe'iy esa, ayolni birinchi erga qaytish uchun ajrashishga majbur qilingan nikohni batil deb hisoblaydi.
AI-Thram and Ibn AI-Mundhir narrated that 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "I would stone to' death the one who marries to permit the previous husband to return to his divorced wife. I would also stone to death the first husband." 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked about marring a woman to permit her to return to the previous husband, whereupon he said, "It is an illicit sexual relation." 'Abdullah Ibn Sharauk AI-`Amri said, "I heard Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) when he was asked about a man who divorced his wife (his uncle's daughter) and someone else wanted to marry her to permit the former husband to remarry her. Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) explained, 'The former and latter are adulterers even if the marriage lasted for 20 years. However, the knowledge of the former husband by the aim of the marriage is the main criteria of incurring curse upon himself." A man asked Ibn 'Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), "My uncle's son has divorced his wife and so he became regretful." Ibn `Abbas declared, "Your uncle's son disobeyed Allah and, therefore, he was inflicted with regret, whereas he obeyed Satan who will not relieve him." The man asked more, "What do you say in a man who wants to marry her to permit him to remarry her?" He disclosed, 'He, thus, seeks to deceive Allah, but it is Allah who deceives him." Ibrahim An-Nakh'i stated, "If the first husband, the second husband, or the woman intends to marry solely to permit the first husband to remarry his divorced wife, the marriage will be illegal." Sa'id Ibn AI- Musaib said concerning this issue, "It is prohibited in Islam." However, Malik Ibn Anas, Al-layth Ibn Su'd, Sufyan AI- Thawri, Imam Ahmad and other great scholars are of the same opinion. Iman Shafi'i considers the contract of marriage, in which one is compelled to divorce his wife to permit her former husband to remarry her, is null and void.