Soliqlarni yig'ish
Collecting Taxes
Alloh aytadi: {Ayb faqat odamlarga zulm qilib, yer yuzida haqsiz ravishda isyon ko'targan va chegaradan oshib ketganlarga bo'ladi. Ana shunday kishilar uchun og'ir azob bor.} (Ash-Shuro: 42)
Allah says, {The blame is only against those who oppress men with wrongdoing and insolently transgress beyond bounds through the land, defying right and justice: for such there will be a chastisement grievous.} (Ash-Shura: 42)
Soliq yig'uvchi zolimlarning eng yaqin yordamchilaridan biridir. Balki, u o'zi zolimlardan biridir.
The tax collector is one of the closest supporters of the oppressors. Rather he may be of the oppressors.
U'zi halol bo'lmagan narsani oladi va uni loyiq bo'lmaganlarga beradi. Shu sababli Payg'ambar ﷺ shunday deganlar: "Soliq yig'uvchi Jannatga kira olmaydi."2
He takes what is not lawful to him and gives it to those who do not deserve it. Hence, the Prophet declared, "The tax collector will not tread Paradise.” 2
Zino qilgan ayolning Allohga tavba qilishi haqida Payg‘ambar ﷺ shunday dedilar: "U Allohga shunday tavba qildiki, agar uni zolim soliq yig‘uvchi ham ko‘rganida, u kechirilgan bo‘lardi yoki uning tavbasi qabul qilinardi." 3
Concerning the woman who has turned to Allah in repentance, as she had committed adultery, the Prophet said, "She has turned to Allah in repentance in such a manner that if observed by an unjust tax collector he would be forgiven or it would be accepted.” 3
Noqonuniy soliq yig'uvchi yo'lto'siq qaroqchiga o'xshatiladi. Bundan tashqari, soliqni yig'uvchi, unga guvoh bo'luvchi va uni o'zlashtiruvchi — barchasi bu zulmda sherik bo'lishda teng ekanlar.
The unlawful tribute collector is compared to the high way robber. Moreover, the one who collects the tax, the one who serves as a witness to it, and the one who usurps it are all alike in being partners in this wrongdoing.
U'sha ham shunday dedi: "Haromdan oziqlangan har qanday go'sht Jannatga kirmaydi. Aksincha, u Do'zaxda kuyib yonadi." 4
He also said, "No flesh fed by ill-gained property will be admitted to Paradise. But rather, it would be flying in Hell.” 4
Haram mol-mulk — bu egasini sharmanda qiladigan jirkanch boylikdir. Imom Al-Vohidiy buni Allohning { De: "Yomon bilan yaxshi teng bo'lmaydi." } (Ma'ida: 100) degan so'zining tafsirida zikr qilgan.
The ill-gotten property is the detestable wealth which puts its owner to shame, and is mentioned by Imam Al-Wahidi in his exegesis of Allah's saying, {Say! Never are the good and the bad alike.} (Al-Ma'idah: 100)
Jobir rivoyat qiladi: "Bir kishi Payg'ambarning huzuriga kelib dedi: "Ey Allohning Elchisi! Sharob savdosi mening kasbim bo'lgan va u menga ko'p pul keltirgan. Agar men o'sha pulni Allohning yo'lida sarflasam, bu pul menga foyda keltiradimi?" Payg'ambar ﷺ javob berdi: "Agar uni haj qilishda, Allohning yo'lida yoki sadaqa berishda sarflasang, bu sening foydangga bo'lmaydi, chunki Alloh poklikdir va faqat pokni qabul qiladi"." Buni tasdiqlab, Alloh quyidagi oyatni nozil qildi: {Ayting: "Yomon narsalar bilan yaxshi narsalar teng emas, garchi yomonning ko'pligi sizni hayratga solsa ham".} (Moida: 100)5
Jabir related, "A man came to the Prophet and said, "0 Allah's Apostle! Wine was my trade business that fetched me much money. So, would that money benefit me if I employed it in Allah's cause?" The Prophet replied, "If you were to spend it in performing Pilgrimage, in Allah's way, or in alms-giving, it would avail you no benefit, for Allah is good and accepts only what is good". In confirmation to this Allah revealed, {Say! "Not equal are things that are bad and things that are good, even though the abundance of the bad may dazzle you.} (Al-Ma'idah:100)”5
Ato' va Al-Hasan bu oyatni halol va harom narsalarning ikkalasiga nisbatan izohlaganlar.
Ata' and AI-Hasan interpreted this verse as referring to both the lawful and the unlawful things.
1 Yig'uvchi — bu islomgacha bo'lgan davrda bozordagi sotuvchilardan soliqlarni yig'adigan kishidir. Tarjimon.
1 The collector is the one who collects the taxes from sellers in the market in pre Islamic times. Translator.
2 Abu Dovud tomonidan rivoyat qilingan.
2 Reported by Abu Dawud.
3 Muslim rivoyat qilgan.
3 Reported by Muslim.
4 At-Termiziy tomonidan rivoyat qilingan va Imom Ahmadning "Musnad" kitobida zikr etilgan.
4 Reported by At-Tirmidhi and is mentioned in Musnad of Imam Ahmad.
5 Al-Asbahoniy tomonidan rivoyat qilingan.
5 Reported by Al-Asbahani.