Alloh, Eng Yuksak, aytadi: {Yetimlarning mol-mulkini zulm bilan yeganlar, o'z qorinlariga faqat olovni yeydilar, va tez orada alangali olovga kiradilar.} (An-Niso: 10)

Allah, the Most High, says, {Those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans eat up fire into their own bodies: they will soon be enduring a blazing fire.} (Al-Nisa': 10)

Qur'on ham shunday deydi: {Yetimning molini, u kuchga to'lguncha, uni yaxshilash niyatidan boshqa maqsadda yaqin bormang.} (Al-An'om: 152)

The Qur'an also states, {Come not nigh to the orphan's property except to improve it, until he attains the age of full strength.} (Al-Imran: 152)

Payg'ambar ﷺ shunday dedilar: "Men Me'roj kechasi ko'tarilganimda, boshqa odamlarning zo'rlovi ostida og'izlarini ochib turgan ba'zi odamlarni ko'rdim. Keyin yana bir odam kelib, ularning tanasiga kirib, orqa teshigidan chiqadigan olov toshlarini ularga yedirdi. Men hayron bo'lib so'radim: 'Bular kim, ey Jabroil?' U javob berdi: 'Bular yetimlarning molini nohaq yeydiganlardir; ular o'z tanalariga olov yeyayotir.'"1

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "When I was taken up in Ascent (Mi'raj) I saw some men gapping their jaws under the coercion of other men. Then came another men who fed them stones of fire that penetrated their bodies and came out from their anus. I wondered: 'Who are they, Gabriel?' He replied, 'They are those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans eat up a fire intotheir bodies.”1

Rivoyat qilinadiki, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ aytdilar: "Alloh Taolo ba'zi kishilarni qabrlaridan, tanalaridan alanga chiqib, yuzlarini kuydirgan holda tiriltiradi." Payg'ambar ﷺ dan so'rashdi: "Ular kimlar, Allohning Elchisi?" U zot aytdilar: "Qudratli va ulug' Alloh aytadi: {Yetimlarning molini nohaqlik bilan yeyayotganlar, aslida o'z qorinlariga olov yeyayotirlar. Ular tez orada alangali olovga kiradilar.} (An-Nisa: 10)"2

It was related that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Allah, Most High resurrected some people from their graves with fire flaming out from their bodies and burning their faces." The Prophet was asked: 'Who are they, Messenger of Allah?" He said,' Allah, the Almighty says, {Those who unjustly will eat up the property of orphans eat up a fire into their own bodies: they will soon be enduring a blazing fire.} (AI-Nisa': 10)2

As-Sadiy, Alloh undan rozi bo'lsin, shunday degan: "Qiyamat kuni yetimning molini o'zlashtirib olgan kishi og'zi, quloqlari, burni va ko'zlaridan olov chiqqan holda tiriltiriladi. Shu sababli u osongina tanib olinadi." (Isma'il ibn Abdurrahman As-Sadiy Shia mazhabiga ergashganlikda ayblangan edi.)

As-Sadiy, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "On the Day of Judgement, the one who appropriated an orphan's property will be resurrected with the flames of fire coming out from his mouth, ears, nose and eyes. Therefore, he will be well-identified." (Isma'il Ibn AbdelRahman As-Sadiy was accused of following the Shi'ah sect.)

Ulamolar, agar yetim bolaning vasiysi kambag'al bo'lsa, u yetimning mulkidan ruxsat etilgan chegaradan oshmagan holda, yetimning ishlarini boshqarib, uning xo'jalik ishlarini yaxshilash darajasida ozgina iste'mol qilishida hech qanday zarar yo'q, deb aytganlar.

Scholars said that there is no harm if a poor guardian of an orphan consumes some of his charge's property without exceeding what is permissible as much as he disposes and improves his business affairs.

Halol doirasidan oshgan har qanday narsa mutlaqo harom (Suht)dir. Alloh Taolo aytadi: {Agar vasiy badavlat bo'lsa, u (yetimning mol-mulkidan) hech narsa olmasin; agar faqir bo'lsa, o'zi uchun ma'qul ravishda olsin. Ularning mol-mulklarini ularga topshirganingizda, ularning huzurida guvohlar qo'ying. Hisob olishda Alloh yetarlidir.} (An-Nisa: 6)

What is in excess of the permissible is absolutely unlawful (Suht)? Allah, the Almighty says, {If the guardian is well-off, let him claim no remuneration, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just, reasonable. When ye release their property then, take witnesses in their presence: But all-sufficient is Allah in taking account.} (An-Nisa': 6)

Yetimning mulkidan me'yorida foydalanish quyidagicha talqin qilinishi mumkin: qarz sifatida olishni niyat qilish, o'z ehtiyojlarini ortiqcha bo'lmagan darajada qondirish, yetimning ishini boshqarish yoki yaxshilash uchun haq olish, yoki zarurat tufayli olingan narsani, boyib ketgan taqdirda, qaytarishni niyat qilish. Bu turli qarashlarni Ibn al-Javziy o'zining "Tafsir" (Qur'on tafsiri) kitobida zikr qilgan.

Reasonable consuming of an orphan's property may be interpreted as: Intending the loan, fulfilling his own needs without excess, taking the wage of disposing or improving the orphan's business or intending to return what he takes out of need, if he becomes prosperous. These different points of views are mentioned by Ibn AI-Jawziy in his Tafsir (exegesis)

"Men va yetim boquvchi kishi jannatga xuddi shunday birga kiramiz", — dedi u (Payg‘ambar ﷺ) va ko‘rsatkich barmog‘i bilan o‘rta barmog‘ini birlashtirib, orasida hech qanday bo‘shliq qoldirmay ko‘rsatdi (misol tariqasida). 1

"I and one who takes care of an orphan, will enter paradise together like this" and he raised his forefinger and middle finger jointly leaving no space betWeen them (by way of illustration)." 1

"Men va yetim bokkan kishi, u yetimning yaqin qarindoshi bo‘lsin yoki begona bo‘lsin, jannatda ana shu ikkitamiz kabi bo‘lamiz", — deb aytdilar ﷺ. Rivoyat qiluvchi shunda shahodat va o‘rta barmoqlarini ko‘rsatib, buni tasvirladi. 2

"I and one who takes care of an orphan, whether related to him or a stranger, will be like these two in paradise;" and the narrator raised his forefinger and middle finger to illustrate this.” 2

Yetimning vasiyligi shundan iboratki, uning ishlarini tartibga solish: ovqati, kiyimi va agar mol-mulki bo'lsa, uni yaxshilash. Agar u kambag'al bo'lsa, Alloh roziligi uchun unga g'amxo'rlik qilish mustahabdir. Yuqorida zikr qilingan hadisda yetimning homiysi uning qarindoshi bo'lishi shart emasligi ko'rsatilgan, Nabiy ﷺ hadisda shunday deganlar: "yo unga qarindosh, yo begona bo'lsin". Nabiy ﷺ shunday deganlar: "Kim musulmonlar orasidan bir yetimni olib, to Alloh uni boy qilguncha unga ovqat berib, ichirsa, Alloh unga jannatni vojib qiladi, agar u kechirilmaydigan gunoh qilmasa." 3

The guardianship of an orphan means to dispose his affairs: food, clothing and to improve his property if he has any. However, if he is poor, it is recommended to take care of him for the sake of Allah. In the aforementioned hadith, there is a reference that the orphan mayor may not be a relative as the Prophet says in the hadith: “related to him or a stranger” The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Whoever receives an orphan from amongst the Muslims to feed and give him drink until Allah makes him prosperous, Allah will render the Paradise binding to him unless he commits an unforgivable sin.” 3

Allohning Elchisi ﷺ aytdilar: "Kim Allohning roziligi uchun yetimning boshini silasa, uning qo'li tegib o'tgan har bir soch evaziga unga yaxshilik savoblari yoziladi. Kim yetimni o'z qaramog'iga olib, unga mehr bilan muomala qilsa, men va u jannatda xuddi mana shunday bo'lamiz", - deb ikki barmog'ini bir-biriga tutashtirdilar. 4

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Whoever wipes over an orphan's head for the sake of Allah, he will be rewarded for every hair he touched good deeds. Whoever has an orphan and treats him or her kindly, I and he will be in the Paradise like that (Then he combined his two fingers).” 4

Kimdir Abu Ad-Darda'dan nasihat so'radi. Shunda u unga nasihat qilib dedi: "Yetimga rahm qil, uni o'zingga yaqin qil va o'zing yeyayotgan narsadan unga ham ber. Men Allohning Elchisi ﷺ ni eshitganman: bir kishi undan yuragining qattiqligi haqida so'raganida, u shunday degan: "Agar yuraging yumshashini istasang, yetimni o'zingga yaqin qil, boshini silab qo'y va o'zing yeyayotgan narsadan unga ham ber. Bular albatta yuragingni yumshatadi va kerakli ishlaringni bajarishga yordam beradi." 5

Someone asked Abu Ad-Darda' an advice. Thus he advised him saying, "Show mercy to the orphan, bring him nearer to you and feed him of what you eat. I heard Allah's Messenger (pbuh), when a man asked him about the harshness of his heart, saying, "If you want to soften your heart, then you should bring the orphan nearer, wipe over his head and feed him of what you eat. These surely will soften your heart and enable you to do what you need.” 5

Bir o'tmishdagi musulmonlardan biri shunday hikoya qilgan: "Avvalroq men gunohlarga botgan va sharob ichardim. Bir kuni menga bir kambag'al yetim keldi. Men unga mehribon bo'ldim, ovqat berdim, yuvintirdim va kiyintirdim. Uni o'z o'g'lim kabi, hatto undan ham ko'proq mehr bilan qarab oldim. Keyin uxlab qoldim va tush ko'rdim: Qiyomat kuni edi, meni hisob-kitobga chaqirishdi. So'ng gunohlarim uchun meni Do'zaxga yuborishlari kerak edi. Azob farishtalari meni olovga sudrab borishdi. Men olovga sudralayotganimda, yetim yo'limni to'sdi va dedi: 'Ey Rabbimning farishtalari, uni qo'yib yuboringlar, shunda u Alloh huzurida men uchun shafoat qiladi, chunki u menga mehribonlik qildi va izzat-hurmat ko'rsatdi.' Ammo farishtalar dedi: 'Bizga bunday qilish buyurilmagan.' Shunda Allohning chaqirig'i keldi: 'Uni qo'yib yuboringlar. Yetimning shafoati va u bilan qilgan mehribonligi tufayli men uni kechirdim.' Men o'rnimdan turdim va Allohga, Yuksak va Ulug' Zotga tavba qildim. Keyinchalik men yetimlarga rahm-shafqat ko'rsatishga doimo harakat qildim."

One of the early Muslims recounted, "I was at first used to committing sins and drinking wine. Then, one day I received a poor orphan. I was kind to him, fed him, gave him a bath and clothed him. I treated him as tenderly as a man does with his own son and more. Afterwards, I went to sleep I dreamt that it was the day of Judgement and I was called for reckoning. Then, I was to go to Hell for my sins. I was dragged by the angels of punishment to the Fire. Meanwhile, when I was being dragged to the Fire, the orphan blocked me and said, 'O angels of my Lord, let him go. So as to intercede for him before Allah since he treated me kindly and honored me.' But the angels said; 'We were not commanded to do so.' Then came the call of Allah, "Let him go. I forgave him because of the orphan's intercession and the kind treatment he did with him. Then, I got up and repented to Allah the High Exalted. Later on, I kept on doing my best to show mercy to orphans.

Payg'ambar ﷺ shunday dedilar: "Uyning eng yaxshisi — ichida yetim bo'lib, unga yaxshi muomala qilinadigan uy; uyning eng yomoni esa — ichida yetimga zulm qilinadigan uy. Allohu Taolo huzurida eng sevimli bo'lgan kishi — yetimga yoki beva ayolga yaxshilik qilgan kishidir."1

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "The best of the houses is that which contains an orphan who is treated kindly and the worst of the houses is that which mistreats him. The most beloved one to Allah the Almighty is the one who offers a favor to an orphan or a widow.”1

Alloh Dovud (a.s.) ga vahiy qildi: "Ey Dovud! Yetimga mehribon ota bo'l va bevaga mehribon er bo'l. Shuni hisobingga yoz: qancha ko'p qilsang, shuncha ko'p hosil olasan."

"Allah revealed to Dawud (pbuh): "0 Dawud! Be a loving father to the orphan, and a kind husband to the widow. Put into your account that the more you do the more you reap 2

Bu shuni anglatadiki, nima qilsangiz ham, uning oqibatini keyinroq topasiz. Masalan, siz vafot etib, farzand yoki beva qoldirsangiz, ular ham sizning boshqalarga qilganingiz kabi muomala ko'radi.

This means that whatever you do, you will find its consequences thereafter. For example, when you die and leave a child or a widow, thy will be treated in the same manner you treated others.

Dovud o'z munojotida shunday deydi: "Ey Alloh! Sen uchun yetim yoki bevaga g'amxo'rlik qilgan kishining mukofoti nima?" Alloh javob berdi: "U Mening soyamda bo'ladi, Mening soyamdan boshqa soya bo'lmagan kunda." ya'ni Qiyomat kunida Arsh soyasida. Quyida yetim va bevaga mehr-shafqat ko'rsatishning fazilatini ta'kidlaydigan boshqa rivoyat keltirilgan. Bir vaqtlar 'Alaviyya mazhabiga mansub bir kishi bo'lgan. U Balx (Vizantiya viloyati) shahrida yashagan, xotini va bir nechta qizlari bor edi. Ular farovon va hashamatda yashardilar. Keyin er vafot etdi. Uning bevasi va qizlari shunchalik kambag'al bo'lib qolishdiki, dushmanlarining uning baxtsizligidan xursand bo'lishini ko'rishdan qochib, boshqa shaharga ko'chib ketishdi. Shaharga kirgach, u qizlari bilan birga tashlandiq masjidga joylashdi. Keyin ularga yeyish uchun biror narsa olib kelish uchun chiqdi. U ikki kishi yonidan o'tdi: biri musulmon, ikkinchisi esa majusiy edi.

In his soliloquy, Dawud says, "O Allah! What is the recompense of whomever takes care of an orphan or a widow for Your Sake?" Allah answered, "He will be under the Shade of Mine when there will be no shade except Mine." i.e., the shade of the Throne on the Day of Judgement." The following is another account that highlights the excellence of treating the orphan and the widow kindly. Once there was someone who belonged to the 'Alowiyyin sect. He lived in Balkh (a Byzantine region) and had a wife and several daughters. They were living in luxury and prosperity. Then the husband died. His widow and daughters become so poor that they moved to another town to flee from the ghost of noticing their enemies rejoice at her misfortune. Having entered the town she resorted to a deserted mosque with her daughters. Then, she went out to bring them something to eat. She passed by two people, a Muslim and a magian.

U bir musulmonga murojaat qilib boshladi va unga, 'Alaviy mazhabidan bo'lgan sharafli ayol sifatida qanchalik ko'p azob chekkanini tushuntirdi. Lekin u (erkak) undan dalil ko'rsatishni so'radi. U esa o'zining begona ekanini aytdi.

She started by asking the Muslim and explained to him how she suffered a lot while she was an honored woman from the 'Alawyyeen sect. But he asked her to show evidence. She said she was stranger.

Lekin, u unga e'tibor bermadi. Shunda, u qayg'uli holda ketdi va yana majusiyga o'z ahvolini tushuntirdi, to'rtta yetim va muhtoj qizi borligini aytdi. U o'z hikoyasini bir musulmon shayxga so'zlab berdi.

But, he did not pay attention to her. Then, she left feeling sad and again explained her case to magian and how she had four daughters who were orphans and in need. She recounted her story to a Muslim Sheikh.

Majusiy o'z xizmatkorlarini ayolni va qizlarini uyga olib kelish uchun yubordi. U ularni boqdi va yaxshi kiyintirdi. Ular uning huzurida hashamat va izzat ichida yashadilar. Yarim tunda ayolni qaytargan musulmon tushida qiyomat kuni ekanini ko'rdi. Payg'ambar ﷺning boshi uzra bayroq ko'tarilgan edi. Yashil zumraddan qurilgan, derazalari marvarid va yoqut bilan bezalgan, gumbazlari esa marvarid va marjondan bo'lgan bir saroy bor edi. U Allahning Elchisi ﷺdan so'radi: "Bu kimning saroyi?" "Allohga, yagona Allohga iymon keltirgan musulmonniki", deyildi. "Ey Allohning Elchisi, men musulmonman", dedi u kishi. Lekin Payg'ambar ﷺ uning musulmon ekanligiga dalil ko'rsatishni so'radi.

The magian sent his ladies to bring her and daughters home. He fed them and clothed them well. They stayed with him in luxury and honor. At midnight, the Muslim who turned the woman away dreamt that it was the Day of Judgement. A banner was risen over the Prophet's head. There was a palace of green emerald whose windows were of pearls and corundum and also had domes of pearls and corals. He then asked the Messenger of Allah: "Whose palace is it?" For a Muslim who believes in Allah, the One.' O Allah's Messenger I am a Muslim, the man said. But the prophet asked him to show the evidence that he was a Muslim.

Odam hayratda qoldi. Shunga ko'ra, Payg'ambar ﷺ dedi: "Alaviy ayol sizdan so'raganida, siz uning Alaviy ekanligiga dalil ko'rsatishini talab qildingiz. Shunday ekan, menga musulmon ekanligingizga dalil ko'rsating." Shundan so'ng, o'sha ayolni rad etgani uchun, odam qayg'u bilan o'rnidan turdi. U ayolni shaharda izlay boshladi va nihoyat uni majusiyning uyida topdi. U majusiydan ayol va uning qizlari haqida so'radi, lekin majusiy rad etdi va ular tufayli unga ko'plab barakalar yog'ilganini aytdi.

The man was perplexed. Accordingly, the prophet said "When the 'Alawiyya woman asked you, you asked her to show an evidence that she was Alawiy. Thus, show me evidence that you are Muslim. Then, the man got up sadly for repelling the woman. He started to search for her in the town until he found her in the Magian's house. He asked him about the woman and her daughters, but the Magian refused and said many blessing were showered upon him because of them.

Odam o'z ustida turib, ularni olishga intilди va hatto majusiyga ming dinor taklif qildi, lekin u yana rad etdi.

The man persisted to take them and even offered the Magian a thousand dinars but he refused again.

Muslim aytdi: "Lekin men ularni olishim kerak." Shunda majusiy dedi: "Siz xohlagan narsa mening, siz tushingizda ko'rgan saroy esa men uchun yaratilgan. Meni Islomni qabul qilishga yo'llay olasizmi?" Allohga qasamki, kecha oilam va men ayol qo'lida Islomni qabul qilishimizdan oldin uxlamadim. Menda ham xuddi shunday tush bor edi. Payg'ambar ﷺ mendan so'radilar: "Uyingizda 'Alaviy ayol va uning qizlari bormidi?" Men: "Ha", dedim, Allahning Elchisi. Shunda u dedi: "Saroy sizga va oilangizga tegishli, hammangiz Jannatga kirasiz. Siz yaratilishning boshidanoq musulmon qilib yaratilgansiz." Shundan so'ng Muslim g'amgin holda ketdi.

The Muslim said but I should take them. Then, the Magian said, what you want is mine and the palace which you saw in your dream was created for me. May you guide me to embrace Islam? By Allah, I did not sleep yesterday before my family and I embraced Islam at the hands of the woman. I had also the same dream. The Prophet asked me, "were the 'Alawiy woman and her daughters in your house?" I said 'yes', Messenger Of Allah? He, then, said, the palace is for you and your family and all of you will enter Paradise. You were created a Muslim from the beginning of the creation. Then, the Muslim went away sadly.

Mana! Allohning beva ayollar va yetimlarga mehr-shafqat bilan munosabatda bo'lganlarni bu dunyoda qanday barakalashi!

Behold! How Allah blesses those who treat widows and orphans tenderly in this world.

"Beva ayollar va muhtojlar uchun mehnat qilgan kishi Allohning yo'lidagi mujohid (jangchi) kabidir" — va roviy o'ylaydi, u (s.a.v.) qo'shib qo'ydi: "va hech charchamay namoz o'qiydigan kishi kabi, va ro'za tutib, uni buzmaydigan kishi kabi."ﷺ1

"He who works hard an behalf of old women and the indigent, is like a Mujahid (a warrior) in the cause of Allah and the narrator thinks, he (pbuh) added, "and like the person standing in prayer and who never tires, and like one who observes the fast and does not break it.”1