Ko'pgina zamonaviy musulmonlar "ilm va Islom hech qachon ziddiyatga kirishmaydi" deb hisoblaydilar. Boshqacha aytganda, vahiyda (ya'ni Qur'onda va Payg'ambar Muhammad ﷺ ning ta'limotida) ilmiy usul orqali bilganimiz dunyo haqiqatlariga zid keladigan hech narsa bo'lishi mumkin emas. Birinchi qarashda bu mantiqqa to'g'ri kelganday tuyuladi. Odamlar yaratgan matnlar, ayniqsa qadimgi davrga oid matnlar, tabiiy haqiqatlarga zid bo'lishini kutish mumkin, chunki o'tmish odamlari ilmiy usulni bilmas edilar. Vahiyning manbai esa, aksincha, hamma narsani biluvchi va koinotni yaratgan Yaratuvchining Own Zotidir. Shuning uchun hech qanday ziddiyat bo'lishi mumkin emas.

Many modern Muslims believe that “science and Islam can never contradict.” In other words, nothing in revelation (i.e., the Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (s)) could ever contravene what we know of the world through science. At first blush, this seems logical. We can expect that man-made texts, especially those from antiquity, will contradict natural facts, since people of the past were ignorant of the scientific method. But the source of revelation, in contrast, is the All-Knowing Creator Himself who also created the universe. Therefore, no contradiction is possible.