20.4 Tsaron Iyakokin Kasa (ar-ribat)
20.4 Guarding The Frontiers (ar-ribat)
Ribat yana cikin abubuwan da suke biye da jihadi, kuma shi ne zama a kan iyakoki domin ƙarfafa Musulmi. Iyaka kowane wuri ne a kan kan iyaka da abokan gaba, wanda mutanensa suke tsoron abokan gaba, kuma su ma suna tsoratar da abokan gaba. A takaice, wuri ne da bayansa babu Musulunci. Ma'anar ribat ita ce zama a kan iyakoki domin girmama addini da kuma kawar da sharrin kafirai daga Musulmi. Zama a duk wurin da ake tsammanin harin abokan gaba da niyyar hana shi ana ɗaukarsa ribat, saboda ribatul-khai l fi sabilillah a cikin maganar Allah:
The Ribat is among what follows jihad, and it is to position at the frontiers to strengthen the Muslims. The frontier is every place at the borders with the enemy whose people are frightened by the enemy and they frighten the enemy. In other words, it is the place beyond which there is no Islam. The meaning of ribat is to stay at the frontiers to honour the deen and repel the evil of the disbelievers from Muslims. Staying at any place where the attack of the enemy is expected with the intention to prevent it is considered ribat because the ribat of tethered horses in Allah’s statement:
"Ku shirya musu duk abin da za ku iya na ƙarfin soji, da dawakan yaƙi masu ɗaurewa, domin ku tsoratar da abokan gābar Allah da abokan gābarku." [TMQ 8:60]
“Prepare for them as much as you can of ribat of horses so as to terrorise the enemy of Allah and your enemy” [TMQ 8:60]
Domin waɗannan mutane suna ɗaure dawakansu, kuma waɗancan ma suna ɗaurewa, kowannensu yana shiryawa ga ubangijinsa; saboda haka wurin zama da aka kafa ana kiransa iyaka, kuma ribat yana cikin gida ko da babu dawakan yaƙi. Bisa wannan, duk wanda ya zauna a kan iyaka da niyyar korar abokan gaba, ana ɗaukarsa mai tsaron iyaka, ko wurin zamansa ne, watau gidansa inda yake zama a kullum, ko ba haka ba, domin abin da ake dubawa ba shi ne ko wurin gidansa ne ko a'a ba, a'a niyya ita ce korar abokan gaba da tsoratar da su. Falalar ribat tana da girma, kuma ladanta yana da yawa, tun da ribat kariya ce ga Musulmi da mutuncinsu, da ƙarfi ga mutanen iyaka da masu yaƙi. Ribat shi ne asalin jihadi da reshensa, kuma nassoshi masu yawa sun zo game da falalar ribat. Ya zo a Sahihu Muslim daga Salman (ra) wanda ya ce: Na ji Manzon Allah ﷺ yana cewa:
because these (people) tether their horses and those (also) tether, each one preparing for his master; so the established residence was called a frontier and there is ribat in the home even if there are no fighting horses. Accordingly whoever stays in the frontier with the intention to repel the enemy is considered one guarding the frontier whether it is the place of his residence i.e. his home where he normally resides or not, as the understanding is not whether the place is his residence or not but rather the intention is to repel the enemy and frighten him. The virtue of ribat is great and its reward is large since ribat is the defending of Muslims and their honour, and strength to the people of the frontier and those fighting. Ribat is the origin of jihad and its branch, and there came numerous texts on the virtue of ribat. It came in Sahih Muslim from Salman (ra) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw):
"Ribāṭin yini da dare a hanyar Allah ya fi azumi da sallah na wata ɗaya. Idan kuma ya mutu, ayyukan da ya yi za su ci gaba da kasancewa a gare shi, arziƙinsa zai ci gaba da gudana a kansa, kuma zai tsira daga fitintinu, a tayar da shi a matsayin shahidi a Ranar Alkiyama."
“The ribat of a day and night in the way of Allah is better than fasting and praying for a month. And if he dies, the actions he performed would continue for him, and his sustenance would flow upon him and he would be safe from afflictions and he would be raised as a martyr on the day of judgement”
At-Tabarani ya ruwaito da isnadi na mutane amintattu wani hadisi marfu'i:
At-Tabarani narrated with a chain of trustworthy people a marfu’ hadith:
"Kuma wanda ya mutu yana murabit a hanyar Allah, yana tsira daga babban firgici."
“And the one who dies as a murabit in the way of Allah is safe from the great terror.”
Kuma daga ‘Umamah daga gare shi ﷺ, wanda ya ce:
And from ‘Umamah from him (saw) who said:
Addu'ar murabit ana lissafa ta a matsayin addu'o'i dari biyar, kuma kashe dinari da dirhami a kansa ya fi dinari dari bakwai da yake kashewa a wani abu.
“The prayer of the murabit is counted as five hundred prayers and his spending a dinar and dirham upon is better than seven hundred dinars that he spends in anything else.”
An rawaito daga Fudhala bin ‘Ubayd, wanda ya ce: Na ji Manzon Allah ﷺ yana cewa:
It is narrated from Fudhala bin ‘Ubayd who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying:
"Ayyukan dukkan matattu sun kan daina, sai dai wanda ya mutu yana murabitu a hanyar Allah. Ayyukansa suna ƙaruwa har zuwa Ranar Alƙiyama, kuma yana tsira daga azabar kabari."
“The actions of all dead persons cease except the one who dies a murabit in the way of Allah. His actions increase until the Day of Judgement and he is safe from the affliction of the grave.”
Ribat na iya zama gajere ko dogo. Duk lokacin da mutum ya zauna da niyyar ribat, to wannan ribat ne, ko dai ya daɗe ko kuma ya yi gajere. Shi ya sa Annabi ﷺ ya ce:
Ribat can be short or long. Any period that one stayed with the intention of ribat is ribat, whether long or short. That is why the Prophet (saw) said:
Ribāt ta rana ɗaya da dare ɗaya.
“Ribat of a day and night.”
Yana da kyau murabit ya yi tafiya zuwa iyakokin ƙasa ya zauna a can domin ya zama murabit. Shi ya sa mutane da yawa daga cikin magabata suka zauna a iyakokin ƙasa domin su zama murabitun. Mutanen iyakokin ƙasa kaɗai ake ɗaukar su murabitun idan niyyarsu ta zama a can ita ce kore abokan gaba da tsoratar da su, kuma idan wannan aiki ya cika ta hannunsu kaɗai. Idan ba a cimma wannan ba sai da iyakokin da suke gaban waɗannan, to su ma suna cikin ribaɗ. Abin da ake ɗauka a matsayin ribaɗ shi ne mazauna murabitai a cikin ƙasarsu, waɗanda ta hannunsu ake cimma korar abokan gaba da tsoratar da su, kuma su ake ɗauka a matsayin murabit.
It is better for the murabit to travel to the frontiers to live there so that he becomes a murabit. This is why many of the predecessors lived in the frontiers in order to be murabitun. The people of the frontiers are alone considered murabitun if their intention in residing is repelling the enemy and frightening them, and if sufficiency is achieved by them alone. If it is not achieved except with the frontiers which are before these, then they are also (part of) ribat.. What is considered ribat is the murabit residents in their land by whom repelling the enemy and their terrifying is achieved, and they are considered murabit.
Kamar tsaron iyaka — murabaṭah a hanyar Allah (SWT) — haka ma tsaro a hanyar Allah (SWT) yana da falala mai girma. An ruwaito daga Ibn Abbas (RA) cewa ya ce: Na ji Manzon Allah ﷺ yana cewa:
Similar to the guarding - murabatah in the way of Allah (swt) is the guarding in the way of Allah (swt) for which there is great virtue. It has been narrated from ibn Abbas (ra) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying:
Idanu biyu ba za su taba shiga wutar Jahannama ba: idon da yake kuka saboda tsoron Allah da kuma idon da yake yin tsaron dare a hanyar Allah.
“Two eyes will never be touched by the fire of Hell; an eye which weeps out of Fear of Allah and an eye which spends the night in guarding in the Cause of Allah.”
An Ruwaito daga Uthman (ra) wanda ya ce: Na ji Manzon Allah ﷺ yana cewa:
It has been narrated from Uthman (ra) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying:
"Tsaron dare guda ɗaya a hanyar Allah ya fi yin sallah dare dubu da azumin kwanakinsu."
“Guarding one night in the way of Allah is better than praying one thousand night and fasting their days.”