23. Jizyah - Halin Musulunci | Quran Course

23. Jizyah - Halin Musulunci | Quran Course

Abu Ubaydah said: ‘Kami berpendapat cewa Al-Hasan na nufin da "Larabawa" a nan mutanen gumaka daga cikinsu waɗanda ba su cikin Ahlul Kitab. Amma waɗanda suke cikin Ahlul Kitab, Manzon Allah ﷺ ya karɓi jizyah daga gare su, kuma wannan a bayyane yake cikin hadisai.’ Ba a tabbatar ba cewa Annabi ﷺ ya karɓi jizyah daga wani mai bautar gumaka daga cikin Larabawa, kuma bai karɓa ba bayan saukar ayar (Suratul) Al-Fath da Suratut-Tauba face Musulunci ko yaƙi. Amma abin da aka riwaito na cewa ya karɓi jizyah daga Larabawa kamar mutanen Yaman da mutanen Najran, lallai ya karɓa ne kawai daga Ahlul Kitab, Nasara da Yahudawa. Bai karɓe ta daga masu bautar gumaka cikin Larabawa ba. Wajibi ne a bayyana wa waɗanda ake karɓar jizyah daga gare su cewa suna da wajibi su biya jizyah sau ɗaya a shekara. Abin da ake karɓa daga mai arziki shi ne wannan adadi, daga talaka kuwa adadi ƙayyayyan. Ba a karɓar jizyah daga talaka saboda maganar Allah: "da hannu", wato bisa ga iyawa, kuma ba a karɓarta daga mata da yara. Ba a karɓar jizyah daga gare su sai daga namijin da ya balaga kuma yana da ikon biyanta. An riwaito daga Nafi’, daga Aslam bawan Umar.

Abu Ubaydah said: ‘We view that Al-Hasan meant by the Arabs here the people of idols among them who were not of the People of the Book. As for those of the People of the Book, the Messenger of Allah (saw) did accept it (jizyah) from them and this is clear in the ahadith.’ It is not established that the Prophet (saw) took jizyah from any idol-worshipper from the Arabs, and he did not accept after the revelation of the ayah of (Surah) Al-Fath and Surah At-Tawbah other than Islam or war. As for what is narrated of his taking jizyah from the Arabs like the people of Yemen and the people of Najran, verily he only took it from the People of the Book, the Christians and Jews. He did not take it from the idol-worshippers among the Arabs. It is necessary to clarify to those from whom the jizyah is accepted that they are obliged once a year to pay the jizyah. And that what is taken from the rich is this amount, and from the poor is a specific amount. It is not taken from the poor due to Allah’s statement: “by hand” i.e. based on ability, and it is not taken from the women and children. Jizyah is not taken from them except from the mature man capable of paying it. It is narrated from Nafi from Aslam the slave of Umar