50. Mutawaatir
50. The Mutawaatir
Tawaatur a harshen larabci shi ne jerin abubuwa ɗaya bayan ɗaya, da tazara a tsakaninsu, kuma daga cikin wannan akwai faɗin Allah Ta'ala: "Sannan muka aika manzanninmu a jere…" (Suratul Mu'minoon, aya ta 44), ma'ana ɗaya bayan ɗaya da tazara. Tawaatur kuma yana nufin maimaituwa. Al-khabar al-mutawaatir a ma'anar ƙa'idar masana Usul kuwa, shi ne labarin (khabar) da wata ƙungiya mai yawa ta watsa, wadda yawan mutanenta ya kai ga matakin tabbaci (ilm) da ya samu daga abin da suka faɗa; tabbacin ba zai samu ba daga maganar wannan ƙungiya, kuma ba zai zama mutawaatir ba sai dai idan sun tabbata da abin da suka faɗa, babu wani shakka a cikinsa. Sanin su dole ne ya dogara ne da ji da gani, ba da lissafi da tunani ba. Dole ne a sami ƙungiya da ta cika waɗannan sharuɗɗa a zamanin Sahabbai, da zamanin Tabi'ai, da zamanin Tabi'ut-Tabi'ina, don haka ɓangarorin biyu da tsakiyar labarin su daidaita. Saboda haka, hadisi mutawaatir shi ne abin da aka ruwaito a cikin waɗannan zamanai uku ta hannun babban taro wanda haɗin kansu wajen ƙarya ba zai yiwu ba bisa al'ada, kuma babu wata kulawa ko kaɗan ga kowane zamani banda waɗannan uku wajen ruwayar Hadisi.
The tawaator linguistically is the succession of the things one after the other with a time limit in between, and of this is the saying of Allah Ta'ala: Then sent We Our Messengers in succession…) 44 Surat Al Mu'minoun, means one after one with time limit. The tawaator is the recurrence, and al khabar al mutawaatir in the terminology of the usoul scholars is the report (khabar) transmitted by a group which reach in their multitude the extent of the certainty (ilm) which occurred for their saying, the certainty would not occur for the saying of this group and it would not be mutawaatir unless they are certain of what they told, and not in any doubt about it. Their knowledge must be based on the hearing and the witnessing not on the figuring out, there must be a group that fulfills these conditions in the era of the Sahaabah, the era Taabi'ine and the Taabi'y al Taabi'ine, so the two sides and the middle of the khabar are equal. Accordingly, the mutawaatir report is what was narrated in the three eras by a large gathering that their collusion to lie is normally impossible, and no consideration at all for any era other then those three in the narration of the Hadeeth.
Hadisin mutawatir ana watsa shi daga Annabi (SAW) da tabbaci, don haka yana nuna ilimin yakini, kuma wajibi ne a yi aiki da shi ta kowane fanni, ko na Sunnar magana, ko ta aiki, ko ta yarda. Daga cikin hadisan mutawatir akwai maganar Annabi (SAW): "Duk wanda ya qirqiro karya a kaina, to ya shirya matsugunnin sa a wuta," wanda Al-Bukhari da Muslim suka ruwaito. Sallolin nan guda biyar, adadin raka'o'insu, da abin da ya zo game da hanyar sallah, da azumi, da hajji, duk suna cikin Sunnar aiki mutawatir.
The mutawaatir Hadeeth is decisively transmitted from the prophet (SAW), so it denotes the certainty knowledge, and acting according to it in all aspects is a must, whether it is of the saying, acting, or approving Sunnah. One of the mutawaatir ahaadeeth is the saying of the prophet (SAW): And whoever fabricates a lie on my behalf let him occupy his place in hell fire" narrated by Al Bukhari and Muslim. The five prayers, the number of their rak'ah and also what came about the method of the prayer, the sawm and the hajj are of the acting mutawaatir Sunnah.