63. Istidlaali (Hujjar Daukar Hukunci) Daga Littafi Da Sunnah
63. The Inference (al Istidlaal) From The Kitaab And The Sunnah
Ana dogara ga ƙarƙashin Littafi da Sunnah wajen cire hukunce-hukunce ya dogara ne da sanin harshen Larabawa da rarrabuwarsa, domin an saukar da su ne da harshen Larabawa. Allah Ta'ala ya ce: "Da harshen Larabci bayyananne" (Suratu Ash-Shu'araa', aya ta 195). Saboda haka wajibi ne a ambaci tattaunawar harshe da rarrabuwarsa. Daga cikin rarrabuwar magana abin da za a tattauna shi ne wanda ke da alaƙa da cire hukunci kawai, tun da babu buƙatar tattaunawa da wasu sai a cikin usulul fiqhi. Haka kuma Littafi da Sunnah duka an raba su zuwa labari (khabar) da inshā'i (magana ta umarni da hani). Sai dai malamin usulul fiqhi yana duba inshā'i kawai ba labari ba, domin hukunce-hukunce galibi ba a kafa su a cikin labari. Daga nan sai magana a cikin Littafi da Sunnah ta rabu zuwa: umarni (amr) da hani (nahi), gama-gari ('aamm) da keɓantacce (khaass), sakakkiya (mutlaq) da takaitacciya (muqayad), gajere (mujmal) da bayyananne (mubayyan), mai soke (naasikh) da wanda aka soke (mansukh). Saboda haka wajibi ne a taƙaita tattaunawa a cikin harshe, da kuma waɗannan rarrabuwar Littafi da Sunnah, domin a iya cire hukunce-hukuncen shari'a daga Littafi da Sunnah.
The inference from the Kitaab and the Sunnah depends on knowing the language of the Arabs, and knowing its divisions, because they are sent down in the language of the Arabs. Allah Ta'ala said: In an Arabic clarifier tongue) 195 Surat Al-Shu'araa', therefore it is inevitable to mention the discussions of the language and its divisions. And what would be discussed from the divisions of the saying is that which is related to the derivation of the verdict only, since there is no need to discuss other than that in usoul al fiqh. Further more both the Kitaab and the Sunnah are divided into tiding (khabar/news) and composition (inshaa'), however the scholar of the usoul ponders to the inshaa' only without the khabar because in most cases the verdicts are not established in it, from here the saying in the Kitaab and Sunnah is divided into: command (amr) and prohibition (nahi), general ('aamm) and special (khaass), unrestricted (mutlaq) and limited (muqayad), summed up (mujmal) and detailed (mubayan), abrogator (naasikh) and abrogated (mansoukh). Accordingly it is inevitable to summing up a discussion in the language, and in these divisions of the Kitaab and the Sunnah, to be able to infer from the Kitaab and the Sunnah over the shari'ahi verdicts.