1.6 他的同伴关系与远征
1.6 His Companionship And Expeditions
据学者们所说:艾卜·伯克尔从皈依伊斯兰教之时起,直到去世,一直陪伴先知ﷺ,无论是旅行还是居住,他都不曾离开先知ﷺ,除非先知ﷺ允许他外出,例如朝觐和圣战。他参加了先知ﷺ所经历的每一场战役,与先知ﷺ一同迁徙,舍下家人和子女,向往真主和祂的使者ﷺ。他是先知ﷺ在山洞中的亲密同伴。至尊的真主说:"当那两人在洞中时,他对他的同伴说:'不要忧伤,真主确与我们同在。'"(《古兰经》9:40)他不止一次地承担起帮助真主的使者ﷺ的责任。他在战役中表现出色,在乌侯德之日和侯奈尼之日,当众人都已逃散时,他依然坚定不移,这些我们将在关于他勇敢的章节中加以说明。
I he ‘ulama’ say: Abu Bakr accompanied the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, from the moment he accepted Islam until his death, not leaving him in a journey or in residence, except for that which he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, authorised him to go out on, such as the Hajj and fighting expeditions. He was present at all the battles with him, emigrated with him, leaving his family and children, longing for Allah and His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He was his close companion in the cave. He, exalted is He, said, ‘The second of two when the two of them were in the cave, when he said to his companion, “Do not be sad. Truly Allah is with us.’” (Qur’an 9: 40). He undertook to help the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, more than once. He gave splendid service in the battles, and was firm on the Day of Uhud and the Day of Hunayn when all of the people had fled, as we will show in the section on his bravery.
Ibn cAsakir 记载,Abu Hurayrah 说:在Badr之日,天使们互相欢喜地说:“你们没看见as-Siddiq与安拉的使者ﷺ在庇护之中吗?”Abu Yacla、al-Hakim 和 Ahmad 记载,cAli 说:安拉的使者ﷺ在Badr之日对我和Abu Bakr说:“你们二人之中,一位身边有Jibril,另一位身边有Mika’il。”Ibn cAsakir 记载,Ibn Sirin 说:cAbd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr 在Badr之日与以物配主者同在。他后来皈依伊斯兰时对父亲说:“在Badr之日,你曾对我暴露(ahdafta)为靶子,但我避开了你,没有杀你。”Abu Bakr 说:“然而,如果你当时对我暴露为靶子,我是不会避开你的。”Ibn Qutaybah 说:ahdafta 的意思是 ashrafta,即你显露、开放、暴露而近在眼前。
Ibn cAsakir narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: The angels made each other to rejoice on the Day of Badr, saying, ‘Do you not see as-Siddiq with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the shelter?’ Abu Yacla, al-Hakim and Ahmad narrated that cAli said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to me and Abu Bakr on the Day of Badr, ‘With one of you is Jibril and with the other is Mika’il.’ Ibn cAsakir narrated that Ibn Sirin said that cAbd ar-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr was, on the Day of Badr, with those who associate partners with Allah. When he (later) accepted Islam he said to his father, ‘You were exposed to me (ahdafta) as a target on the Day of Badr, but I turned away from you and did not kill you.’ Abu Bakr said, ‘However, if you had been exposed to me as a target I would not have turned away from you.’ Ibn Qutaybah said: The meaning of ahdafta is ashrafta — you were high or open, exposed and close.
如此,人们也这样称呼一座高楼,称之为“ihadaf”(字面意思是“靶子”)。
Thus it is said of a tall building, iHadaf{literally - target).’