2.7 先知传记中的若干细节
2.7 Some Particulars Of His Biography
伊本·萨阿德传述,艾哈纳夫·本·盖斯说:我们坐在欧麦尔的门口,一个女奴经过,人们说:“这是众信士的长官的侍妾!”他说:“她不是众信士的长官的侍妾,她对他也不是合法的。她属于安拉的财产。”于是我们说:“那么,至高的安拉的财产中,对他合法的是什么呢?”他说:“安拉的财产中,对欧麦尔合法的只有两件衣服:一件冬衣和一件夏衣,即他可用来朝觐和副朝(即朝觐所穿的戒衣)的衣服;还有他自己和家人的生活所需。作为古莱什人,他既不是其中最富有的,也不是最贫穷的。之后,他就是穆斯林中的一员。” 胡扎伊麦·本·萨比特说:每当欧麦尔任命一位总督,他都会写信给他,并附加条件:不得骑乘拜汉(一种来自小亚细亚或希腊的大型笨重非阿拉伯马)、不得食用美味佳肴、不得穿着华丽的衣服,也不得对贫困者关闭大门。若他违反这些,便可以惩罚他。 伊克里玛·本·哈立德等人说:哈福赛、阿卜杜拉等人与欧麦尔谈话,说:“如果您能吃些有营养的食物,您就能更有力地坚守真理。”他问:“你们都是这种看法吗?”他们说:“是的。”他说:“我明白你们的真诚劝告。但我已经让我的两位同伴走在一条大道上,如果我放弃他们的道路,我就无法在归宿中与他们相见。”伊克里玛说:有一年民众遭遇灾难,那一年他不吃酥油,也不吃脂肪。
Ibn Sacd narrated that al-Ahnaf ibn Qays said: We were sitting at "Umar’s door and a slave girl passed by, and they said, ‘The concubine of the Amir al-Mu’minin! He said, ‘She is not the concubine of the Amir al-Mu’minin, and she is not permitted to him. She is of the property of Allah.’ So we said, ‘Then what is permitted to him of the property of Allah, exalted is He?’ He said, ‘There is only permitted to cUmar of the property of Allah two garments, a garment for the winter and a garment for the summer, that with which I can perform the Hajj and the cUmrah (i.e. an ihram), my sustenance and the sustenance of my family, as a man of Quraysh who is not the wealthiest of them nor the poorest, then I am, after that, a man among the Muslims.’ Khuzaymah ibn Thabit said, ‘Whenever cUmar appointed a governor, he wrote to him and made a condition on him that he should not ride a birdhaun (a large heavy non-Arabian horse from Asia Minor or Greece), nor eat delicacies, nor dress in finery, nor lock his door against the needy. If he did that, it would be permitted to punish him.’ Tkrimah ibn Khalid and others said: Hafsah, "Abdullah and others spoke to "Umar and said, ‘If only you were to eat wholesome food it would strengthen you upon the truth.’ He asked, Are you all of this view?’ They said, ‘Yes.’ He said, ‘I have learnt what your sincere advice is. However, I have left my two companions on a highway, and if I abandon their highway I will not reach them in the house.’ He (Tkrimah) said: An affliction befell the people one year, and that year he did not eat clarified butter nor fat.