3.1 关于先知穆罕默德ﷺ美德的圣训(除前文已引用者外)
3.1 The Hadith Related On His Merit Apart From What Have Already Been Quoted
两位圣训学者从阿伊莎(愿真主喜悦她)处传述:先知(愿真主赐福他并赐他平安)在奥斯曼进来时将衣服拢在身上,并说:“我难道不应当对一个天使都会害羞的人感到害羞吗?” 布哈里从艾布·阿卜杜·拉赫曼·素勒米处传述:奥斯曼被围困时,他从上方望着他们,说:“我以真主起誓,我只对先知的同伴们起誓:你们不知道真主的使者(愿真主赐福他并赐他平安)曾说:‘谁装备了困难军(即塔布克之役的军队),他便进入乐园’吗?我装备了它。你们不知道真主的使者(愿真主赐福他并赐他平安)曾说:‘谁挖掘了鲁迈井,他便进入乐园’吗?我挖掘了它。”他们都肯定了他所说的话。
The two Shaykhs narrated from cA’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, gathered his garments around him when cUthman entered and said, ‘Should I not feel shy of a man of whom the angels are shy?’ Al-Bukhari narrated from Abu cAbd ar-Rahman as-Sulami that when cUthman was besieged, he looked out over them and said, ‘I adjure you by Allah, and I adjure none but the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, do you not know that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “Whoever equips the Army of Difficulty (ofTabuk) then there is the Garden for him”? And I equipped it. Do you not know that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “Whoever has the well of Rumah dug, then the Garden is for him”? And I had it dug.’ They affirmed what he said.
至尊的艾布·尔撒·提尔米兹圣训集记载,阿卜杜·拉赫曼·本·海巴卜说:我亲眼看见先知ﷺ在号召人们资助“困难之军”。随后,奥斯曼·本·阿凡说:“安拉的使者啊,我愿为安拉之道承担一百匹骆驼,连同其鞍褥和马鞍。”先知ﷺ又继续号召人们资助这支军队,奥斯曼说:“安拉的使者啊,我愿为安拉之道承担两百匹骆驼,连同其鞍褥和马鞍。”先知ﷺ又继续号召人们资助这支军队,奥斯曼说:“安拉的使者啊,我愿为安拉之道承担三百匹骆驼,连同其鞍褥和马鞍。”于是,安拉的使者ﷺ从讲台上走下来,说:“此后,奥斯曼无论做什么,都不会受到任何指责。” 提尔米兹记载,艾奈斯说;哈基姆记载,并判定其为沙希德(可靠)圣训,他记载阿卜杜·拉赫曼·本·萨穆拉说:奥斯曼在装备“困难之军”时,带着一千第纳尔来到先知ﷺ面前,把它们倒在他的怀里。安拉的使者ﷺ开始翻动这些钱币,说:“此日之后,奥斯曼所做的任何事都不会损害他。”他重复了两次。
At-Tirmidhi narrated that cAbd ar-Rahman ibn Khabbab said: I witnessed the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, urging (people to) support the Army of Difficulty, and then cUthman ibn cAffan said, ‘Messenger of Allah, I will be responsible for one hundred camels with their saddle blankets and their saddles, in the way of Allah.’ Then he further urged people to support the army and cUthman said, ‘Messenger of Allah, I will be responsible for two hundred camels with their saddle blankets and their saddles, in the way of Allah.’ Then he further urged people to support the army and cUthman said, ‘Messenger of Allah, I will be responsible for three hundred camels with their saddle blankets and their saddles, in the way of Allah.’ Then the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came down (from the minbar) saying, ‘There will be nothing at all against cUthman whatever he does after this.’ At-Tirmidhi narrated that Anas said, and al-Hakim, who declared it sahih, narrated that cAbd ar-Rahman ibn Samurah said: cUthman came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with one thousand dinars when he equipped the Army of Difficulty and poured them into his lap. The Messenger of Allah, began turning them over, saying, ‘Nothing cUthman does after this day will harm him,’ twice.
据提尔米兹学者(At-Tirmidhi)记载,安back... Let me correct and provide the translation properly: 据提尔米兹(At-Tirmidhi)记载,艾奈斯(Anas)说:真主的使者ﷺ下令进行里德万宣誓(在胡代比亚时),奥斯曼·本·阿凡(cUthman ibn cAffan)作为真主使者ﷺ的使者前往麦加人那里。于是人们宣誓效忠。先知ﷺ说:“奥斯曼·本·阿凡正在为真主的事务和祂使者的事务而奔走。”他用一只手拍击另一只手,因此真主的使者ﷺ的手对奥斯曼而言,比他们的手对他们自己而言更好。
At-Tirmidhi narrated that Anas said: When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered the Pledge of Allegiance of Ridwan (at Hudaybiyyah) cUthman ibn cAffan was the messenger of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace, to the people of Makkah. So people pledged allegiance. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace, said, ‘cUthman ibn cAffan is upon the business of Allah and the business of His Messenger,’ and he struck one of his two hands upon the other, so that the hand of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was better for cUthman than their hands were for them themselves.
根据提尔米兹(At-Tirmidhi)的记载,伊本·欧麦尔说:安拉的使者ﷺ提到了一场菲特奈(动乱或考验),并说:“这个人将在其中被冤枉地杀害。”他所指的是奥斯曼。
At-Tirmidhi narrated that Ibn cUmar said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mentioned a fitnah (a trial or sedition) and said, ‘This one will be killed wrongfully in it,’ about cUthman.
至-Tirmidhi、al-Hakim(他判定其为sahih)以及Ibn Majah记载,Murrah ibn Kacb说:我听到先知ﷺ提及一场他认为即将到来的考验。一个人经过,裹着他的衣服,先知ﷺ说:"这个人在那一天将处于正道之上。"我站起来走向他,原来是cUthman ibn cAffan。我转身面对先知ﷺ说:"是这个人吗?"他说:"是的。" At-Tirmidhi和al-Hakim记载,cA'ishah(愿真主喜悦她)讲述,先知ﷺ说:"HJthman,也许真主会给你披上一件衣袍,所以如果伪信者想要剥去它,你不要脱下,直到你与我相见。" At-Tirmidhi记载,cUthman在房屋之日(即他被围困之地)说:"先知ﷺ与我立下了一个约定,我将对此保持忍耐。"
At-Tirmidhi, al-Hakim, who declared it sahih, and Ibn Majah narrated that Murrah ibn Kacb said: I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, mentioning a trial which he thought to be near. A man passed by, muffled up in his garment, and he (the Prophet) said, ‘This one on that day will be upon the guidance.’ I stood up and went to him and it was cUthman ibn cAffan. I turned, faced him (the Prophet) and said, ‘This one?’ He said, ‘Yes.’ At-Tirmidhi and al-Hakim narrated that cA’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, related that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, HJthman, perhaps Allah will robe you in a garment, so if the hypocrites wish to strip it off you, do not take it off until you meet me.’ At-Tirmidhi narrated that cUthman said, on the day of the house (the site of his siege), ‘The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, made a covenant with me and I will • > be patient with it.
阿布·哈基姆(Al-Hakim)记载,阿布·胡莱赖(Abu Hurayrah)说:奥斯曼从先知ﷺ那里购买了那座园圃两次:一次是在他挖掘鲁迈凿井的时候,另一次是在他为困难军(Jaysh al-‘Usrah)准备装备的时候。
Al-Hakim narrated that Abu Hurayrah said: cUthman bought the Garden from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, twice: when he had the well of Rumah dug and when he equipped the Army of Difficulty.
伊本·阿萨基尔记载,艾布·胡莱赖Abu Hurayrah愿真主喜悦他,他说:先知ﷺ说:“我的同伴中,奥斯曼的品格最像我。” 塔巴拉尼记载,阿斯玛·伊本·马立克说:当真主之使者ﷺ的女儿在奥斯曼家中去世时,真主之使者ﷺ说:“为奥斯曼娶亲吧。即便我还有第三个女儿,我也会把她嫁给他,我这样做是出于真主的启示。” 伊本·阿萨基尔记载,阿里愿真主喜悦他,他说:
Ibn cAsakir narrated that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, <cUthman, of my companions, most resembles me in character.’ At-Tabarani narrated that cAsmah ibn Malik said: When the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace, died under (the roof of) cUthman, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘Get cUthman married. Even if I had a third (daughter) I would have got him married, and I did not get him married except through revelation from Allah.’ Ibn cAsakir narrated that cAli, may Allah be pleased with him said:
我听到先知ﷺ对奥斯曼说:“即使我有四十个女儿,我也会一个接一个地把她们嫁给你,直到她们全部嫁完为止。”伊本·阿萨克尔记载,宰德·本·萨比特说:我听到先知ﷺ说:“奥斯曼从我身边经过时,我身边有一位天使,他说:‘一个将被他的人民杀害的殉道者。我们对他感到羞怯。’”艾卜·叶阐记载,伊本·欧麦尔传述,先知ﷺ说:“天使对奥斯曼感到羞怯,正如他们对安拉和祂的使者感到羞怯一样。”伊本·阿萨克尔引述哈桑的话说,有人在他面前提到奥斯曼的羞怯。他说:“即使他身处房屋中央,门也已锁上,他脱下衣服准备往身上浇水,羞怯也会使他不敢挺直自己的脊背。”
I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say to cUthman, ‘Even if I had forty daughters I would marry them to you, one after another, until none of them remained.’ Ibn cAsakir narrated that Zaid ibn Thabit said: I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying, HJthman passed by me while one of the angels was with me, and he said, “A martyr whose people will kill him. We are shy of him.’” Abu Yacla narrated from Ibn cUmar that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, ‘The angels are shy of cUthman, just as they are shy of Allah and His Messenger.’ Ibn cAsakir narrated from al-Hasan that the modesty of cUthman was mentioned in his presence. He said, ‘If he were in the middle of the house — and the door locked - then he put off his clothes in order to pour water over himself, modesty would prevent him from raising (straightening) his backbone.’