1917年12月,英国军队占领了耶路撒冷。1922年,国际联盟正式授予英国对巴勒斯坦的委任统治权。在英国统治下,巴勒斯坦时隔数个世纪,再次成为一个独立的政治和行政实体。古代、中世纪与近代巴勒斯坦在政治地理和命名传统上的延续性,最终体现在英国委任统治政府(1918‒1948)对该地区的命名上。这一"官方"的国名"巴勒斯坦"为1920年成立的国际联盟和1945年成立的联合国所普遍接受。

Jerusalem was occupied by British forces in December 1917. The League of Nations formally awarded Britain a Mandate over Palestine in 1922. Under the British, Palestine was once again a distinct political and administrative entity for the first time in centuries. The sense of continuity between the ancient, medieval and modern political geography and naming traditions of Palestine eventually came into play in the designation of the British Mandatory Government of Palestine (1918‒1948). This ‘official’ designation of the country as Palestine was universally accepted by the League of Nations, which came into existence in 1920, and by the United Nations which was founded in 1945.

根据巴勒斯坦勘探基金会的做法,1918年后的英国托管当局认为,巴勒斯坦的阿拉伯人(穆斯林、基督徒和阿拉伯犹太人)也保存着有关古代地名的知识,这些知识有助于确定考古遗址的位置。此外,在现代,尤其是在英国对巴勒斯坦的托管期间,“巴勒斯坦人”一词被用来指称居住在巴勒斯坦的所有人,无论其宗教或族裔如何,其中也包括那些被英国托管当局授予公民身份的欧洲犹太移民。

Following the Palestine Exploration Fund, the British Mandatory authorities after 1918 assumed that the Palestinian Arabs (Muslims, Christians and Arab Jews) had also preserved knowledge of the ancient place names which could help identify archaeological sites. Furthermore, in the modern era, and especially during the British Mandate of Palestine, the term ‘Palestinian’ was used to refer to all people residing in Palestine, regardless of religion or ethnicity, including those European Jewish settlers granted citizenship by the British Mandatory authorities.

鉴于其亲犹立场所带来的破坏性影响，以及维护国内政治稳定的必要性，20世纪20年代，英国委任统治当局在巴勒斯坦试图在委任统治体系中保留奥斯曼晚期巴勒斯坦的一些延续性。英国当局决定，不仅将该国的本地名称“Filastin”与英国巴勒斯坦委任统治政府（1918‒1948）所设立或出具的所有官方机构、单位和文件联系起来，还将其在20世纪20年代帮助建立的部分机构与奥斯曼晚期巴勒斯坦的行政结构和行政区联系起来。这些官方的巴勒斯坦机构和文件包括：

Fully aware of the destabilising effects of its pro-Zionist commitments and the need to maintain political stability in the country, in the 1920s the British Mandatory authorities in Palestine sought to preserve some of the continuities of late Ottoman Palestine in the Mandatory system. The British authorities decided not only to link the local name of the country, Filastin, to all the official institutions, units and documents produced by the British Mandatory Government of Palestine (1918‒1948), they also linked some of the institutions they had helped create in the 1920s with the administrative structure and districts of late Ottoman Palestine. These official Palestine institutions and documents included:

•巴勒斯坦最高伊斯兰理事会（al-Majlis al-Islamic al-A’ala bi-Filastin）：该理事会成立于1923年，获得英国托管当局的支持，对巴勒斯坦所有伊斯兰瓦合夫（宗教捐赠财产）和伊斯兰教法法院拥有管辖权。理事会的组成实际上将19世纪末巴勒斯坦的行政区划与穆斯林占多数的英国托管时期巴勒斯坦的行政体系联系起来。理事会由五名成员组成，即一名主席和四名成员，其中两人代表耶路撒冷自治行政区（Mutasarrifate），另外两人代表奥斯曼帝国后期的阿卡和纳布卢斯县（sanjak）。

• The Supreme Muslim Council in Palestine (al-Majlis al-Islamic al-A’ala bi-Filastin): the SMC was established in 1923 with the support of the British Mandatory authorities and with authority over all the Muslim waqfs and sharia courts in Palestine. The composition of the SMC effectively linked the administrative districts of late 19th century Palestine with the administration of Muslim-majority Mandatory Palestine. The SMC consisted of five members: a president and four members, two of whom were to represent the autonomous administrative Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem and the remaining two to represent the late Ottoman sanjaks of Acre and Nablus.

• 巴勒斯坦考古博物馆:奥斯曼晚期巴勒斯坦与英国托管时期巴勒斯坦之间的延续性,也体现在巴勒斯坦考古博物馆的创建与馆藏之中。1918年,耶路撒冷被占领后几乎立即,英国军事长官罗纳德·斯托尔斯爵士(Sir Ronald Storrs)决定在耶路撒冷设立巴勒斯坦考古博物馆。巴勒斯坦考古博物馆的奠基石于1930年6月19日奠下。博物馆于1938年开放,定位为"民族"(而非圣经)博物馆,仿照现代欧洲博物馆建造。巴勒斯坦考古博物馆(1967年以后被以色列更名为"洛克菲勒博物馆")收藏了从新石器时代到拜占庭时期,再到中世纪伊斯兰时期和近代的历史文物、珠宝与马赛克镶嵌画。除古老的新石器时代文物外,该馆还保存有8世纪阿克萨清真寺的木梁残件,以及来自拉丁十字军时期、雕刻精美的圣墓教堂门楣。巴勒斯坦的新石器时代、古代、中世纪与近代遗产,都汇聚于这座博物馆之中。巴勒斯坦考古博物馆吸收了耶路撒冷奥斯曼帝国古物博物馆的藏品。该博物馆是奥斯曼晚期巴勒斯坦设立的第一座考古博物馆,创建于1890年,存续至1930年。其藏品先后延续至英国巴勒斯坦古物博物馆(1921‒1930年),再到巴勒斯坦考古博物馆。1910年手写的《耶路撒冷奥斯曼帝国古物博物馆目录》得以保存下来,现藏于洛克菲勒博物馆图书馆,该馆称之为"巴勒斯坦考古博物馆战前目录"(St Laurent with Taşkömürl 2013: 22‒23)。

• Palestine Archaeological Museum: continuities of late Ottoman Palestine and Mandatory Palestine are also found in the creation and collections of the Palestine Archaeological Museum. In 1918, almost immediately after the occupation of Jerusalem, the British Military Governor Sir Ronald Storrs took the decision to establish the Palestine Archaeological Museum in Jerusalem. The cornerstone of the Palestine Archaeological Museum was laid on 19 June 1930. The museum opened in 1938 as a ‘national’ (not biblical) museum and was modelled on modern European museums. The Palestine Archaeological Museum (renamed by Israel after 1967 as the ‘Rockefeller Museum’) contains historical artefacts, jewels and mosaics from the Neolithic through the Byzantine periods, and through the medieval Islamic and modern periods. Together with ancient Neolithic artefacts, the museum has the remains of 8th-century wooden beams from the al-Aqsa Mosque, and an elaborately carved lintel from the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, from the time of the Latin Crusaders. The Neolithic, ancient, medieval and modern heritage of Palestine is all encapsulated in this museum. The Palestine Archaeological Museum absorbed the collections of the Ottoman Imperial Museum of Antiquities in Jerusalem, the first archaeological museum to be set up in late Ottoman Palestine, which was founded in 1890 and existed until 1930. The latter’s collections continued first with the British Palestine Museum of Antiquities (1921‒1930) and then with the Palestine Archaeological Museum. That a 1910 handwritten Ottoman Catalogue of the Imperial Museum of Antiquities in Jerusalem has survived in the library of the Rockefeller Museum, where it is called the ‘Pre-War Catalogue of the Palestine Archaeological Museum’ (St Laurent with Taşkömürl 2013: 22‒23).

• 巴勒斯坦护照、巴勒斯坦货币与巴勒斯坦邮票：英国托管政府时期的巴勒斯坦政府（行政首都设在耶路撒冷）发行了巴勒斯坦护照、巴勒斯坦货币和巴勒斯坦邮票。邮票以三种语言印制，印文为 Palestine、פלשתינה、فلسطين，图案展示了古代和中世纪的巴勒斯坦圣地，例如耶路撒冷的圆顶清真寺（岩石圆顶）和伯利恒的圣诞教堂。有趣的是，1970年，由亚西尔·阿拉法特领导的巴勒斯坦民族解放运动在其成立五周年之际发行了一枚纪念邮票，该邮票也复制了英国托管时期的邮票，印文为阿拉伯文、英文和希伯来文。

• Palestine Passport, Palestine Currency and Palestine Stamps: the British Mandatory Government of Palestine (with its administrative capital in Jerusalem) produced Palestine passports, Palestine currency and Palestine stamps. The stamps were in three languages, with the imprint Palestine, פלשתינה ,فلسطين , showcasing images of ancient and medieval Palestinian holy sites such as the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Nativity Church in Bethlehem. Interestingly, in 1970 the Palestinian National Liberation Movement, headed by Yasir ‘Arafat, issued a commemorative stamp on the fifth anniversary of its foundation, which also reproduced the British Mandatory stamps with their imprints in Arabic, English and Hebrew.

• 巴勒斯坦镑与巴勒斯坦货币局：英国托管政府在巴勒斯坦也发行了巴勒斯坦镑（阿拉伯文：

• The Palestine Pound and the Palestine Currency Board: the British Mandatory Government of Palestine also issued the Palestine Pound (Arabic:

巴勒斯坦镑(阿拉伯语:جنيه فلسطيني;希伯来语:פֿוּנטְ פַּלשְׂתִֶינאִיָ)。其价值与英镑相等,是英国在巴勒斯坦委任统治期间于1927年至1948年5月14日使用的货币。1948年5月15日至1948年8月期间,它是以色列国的货币;1948年至1952年间,巴勒斯坦镑在以色列仍是法定货币。巴勒斯坦镑也曾是外约旦的货币,直至1949年,并在约旦河西岸一直使用至1950年。在加沙地带,巴勒斯坦镑流通至1951年4月,之后被埃及镑取代。

Junyeh Filastini, جنيه فلسطيني ; Hebrew: פֿוּנטְ פַּלשְׂתִֶינאִיָ ). Equal in value to the pound sterling, it was the currency of the British Mandate in Palestine from 1927 to 14 May 1948. The currency of the State of Israel between 15 May 1948 and August 1948 and between 1948 and 1952 the Palestine Pound continued to be legal tender in Israel. The Palestine Pound was also the currency of Transjordan until 1949 and remained in usage in the West Bank until 1950. In the Gaza Strip the Palestine Pound circulated until April 1951, when it was replaced by the Egyptian Pound.

• 巴勒斯坦警察部队：1920年在巴勒斯坦设立的殖民地警察机构，运作至1948年。

• The Palestine Police Force: set up as a colonial police service established in Palestine 1920 and operated until 1948.

• 巴勒斯坦铁路公司：一家政府所有的铁路公司，从1920年到1948年负责运营巴勒斯坦境内所有的公共铁路。

• The Palestine Railways: a government-owned railway company that ran all public railways in Palestine from 1920 until 1948.

• 《巴勒斯坦公民身份枢密院令》：委任统治下的巴勒斯坦规范该国公民身份的一项法律。该法令于1925年8月1日生效。

• The Palestinian Citizenship Order in Council: a law of Mandatory Palestine governing citizenship in the country. It came into effect on 1 August 1925.

• 阿拉伯巴勒斯坦体育联合会（al-Ittihad al-Riadi al-ʿArabi al-Filastini）：一个运作于1931年至1937年之间的政府机构

• The Arab Palestine Sport Federation (al-Ittihad al-Riadi al-ʿArabi al-Filastini): a government body operating between 1931 and 1937

在1944年至1948年间，它组织了各种体育活动，包括足球、拳击和举重（Khalidi, I. 2006, 2014）。

and between 1944 and 1948. It organised a variety of sports activities, including football, boxing and weight-lifting (Khalidi, I. 2006, 2014).

• 巴勒斯坦广播服务:它开始通过位于拉姆安拉的新发射机进行无线电广播,办公室设在耶路撒冷。当时招募了工作人员,负责每日五小时、以英语、阿拉伯语和希伯来语三种语言播出的节目,并由英国广播公司(BBC)提供培训。1942年,广播分为两个电台:英语/阿拉伯语电台(Radio al Quds,即“古德斯之声”电台)和英语/希伯来语电台(Kol Yerushalayim,即“耶路撒冷之声”电台)。

• The Palestine Broadcasting Service: it began radio transmissions from the new transmitter in Ramallah, with offices in Jerusalem. Staff were recruited for five hours of daily broadcasts in three languages, English, Arabic and Hebrew, and training was given by the BBC. In 1942, the transmissions were split into two stations: for English/Arabic (Radio al Quds) and English/Hebrew (Kol Yerushalayim).

• 巴勒斯坦柑橘营销委员会:由巴勒斯坦的委任统治政府设立,用于监管巴勒斯坦所有柑橘的出口。1956年10月,一群曾经的巴勒斯坦柑橘农户(他们于1948年成为西岸的难民)在耶路撒冷的约旦法院对巴克莱银行提起诉讼,索赔100万英镑。该金额相当于这群人在1947年集体出口的柑橘作物的总价值。

• The Palestine Citrus Marketing Board: set up by the Mandatory government of Palestine to regulate all citrus exports from Palestine. In October 1956, a group of former Palestinian citrus farmers, who had become refugees in the West Bank in 1948, sued Barclays Bank in a Jordanian court in Jerusalem for £1 million. The amount represented the total value of the citrus crop exported collectively by this group in 1947.

• 巴勒斯坦航空公司:由平卡斯·鲁滕贝格于二十世纪三十年代中期在英国托管时期的巴勒斯坦创办;1937年至1940年间在英国帝国航空公司的庇护下运营,随后作为英国战争努力的一部分被英国皇家空军接管。

• Palestine Airways: founded by Pinhas Rutenberg in Mandatory Palestine in the mid-1930s; operated under the aegis of British Imperial Airways from 1937 until 1940 until it was taken over by the British Royal Air Force as part of the British war effort.