24.4 Kumush standart
24.4 The Silver Standard
Gumush standarti (yoki gumush asosi) deganda shuni tushunish kerakki, gumush pul birligining asosini tashkil etadi, zarb qilish erkinligiga ega bo‘ladi va cheklanmagan qonuniy to‘lov vositasi hisoblanadi. Bu standart o‘tmishda keng tanilgan bo‘lib, Islom Davlatida oltin standarti bilan birga amal qilgan. Ba’zi mamlakatlar uni o‘zlarining asosiy va yagona pul standarti sifatida qo‘llagan. Gumush standarti Hind-Xitoyda 1930 yilgacha davom etgan, o‘sha yili gumush piastr o‘rniga oltin piastr joriy etilgan.
When we talk about the silver standard (or the silver basis), what is meant is that silver forms the basis of the monetary unit, enjoys the freedom of coinage and is an unrestricted legal tender. This standard was well known in the past and was operating in the Islamic State alongside the gold standard. Some countries operated it as their main and only monetary standard. The silver standard continued to be operated in Indo-China until 1930 when the silver piaster was replaced with a golden one.
Kumush standarti barcha tafsilotlari bilan oltin standartiga o‘xshaydi. Shu sababli, bitta davlatda oltin standartini kumush standarti bilan birga yuritish oddiy ish hisoblanadi. Islom davlati Allohning Elchisi ﷺ Madinaga hijrat qilganidan beri oltin va kumush standartlarini birgalikda yuritgan. Bu pul-kredit siyosati oltin va kumush standartiga, ya’ni pul oltin va kumushda bo‘lishi kerakligiga asoslanishda davom etishi lozim, bu pul haqiqiy oltin va kumushda muomalada bo‘ladimi yoki qaysi joyda muomalada bo‘lishidan qat’i nazar, oltin va kumush zaxiralari bilan ta’minlangan banknotlarda bo‘ladimi.