Shaxsiy mulkchilik — mol-mulk yoki foyda bo‘yicha belgilangan ilohiy hukm bo‘lib, bu hukm egasiga mulkdan foydalanish va uning evaziga kompensatsiya olish imkonini beradi. Masalan, odamning bir dona non yoki uyga egalik qilishi shunday. U nonga egalik qilgani uchun uni yeyishi yoki sotishi mumkin. Shuningdek, uyga egalik qilgani uchun unda yashashi yoki uni sotishi mumkin. Ikkala misolda ham non va uy mol-mulkdir. Ularga oid ilohiy hukm Shori’ning insonga ulardan foydalanishga — ularni iste’mol qilish, ulardan manfaatlanish yoki almashtirishga — bergan ruxsatidir. Foydalanish ruxsati egasi nonni yeyishi, uyda yashashi hamda ularni sotishi mumkinligini bildiradi. Non haqida hukm mol-mulk bilan, ya’ni uni iste’mol qilish ruxsati bilan belgilanadi. Uy haqida hukm foyda bilan, ya’ni unda yashash ruxsati bilan belgilanadi. Demak, mulkchilik Shoriʼning mol-mulkdan foydalanishga bergan ruxsati sifatida ta’riflanadi. Shunga ko‘ra, mulkchilik faqat Shoriʼ uni ruxsat etgan va unga olib keladigan vositalarni ruxsat etgan hollardagina vujudga keladi. Mol-mulkka egalik huquqi mol-mulkning o‘zidan yoki uning foydali yoki zararli tabiatidan kelib chiqmaydi. Aksincha, u Shoriʼning ruxsatidan va mol-mulkni qonuniy ravishda mulk qilishga imkon beradigan vositalarga Uning ijozat berishidan kelib chiqadi. Shu tariqa Shoriʼ ba’zi mol-mulklarga egalikni ruxsat etadi, boshqalariga egalikni esa taqiqlaydi. U ba’zi shartnomalarni ruxsat etadi, boshqalarini esa taqiqlaydi. Xususan, Shoriʼ musulmonlarga sharob va cho‘chqalarga egalikni taqiqlagan, Islom davlatining hech bir fuqarosiga riba (foiz) va qimor orqali topilgan mulkka egalikni taqiqlagan. U sotishni ruxsat etib, uni halol qilgan, ribani esa taqiqlab, uni harom qilgan. U ‘Anan shirkatiga (jismoniy mehnat va moliyaga asoslangan sherikchilikka) ruxsat bergan, kooperativlar, aksiyadorlik jamiyatlari va sug‘urtani esa taqiqlagan.

Individual ownership is a divine rule estimated in terms of asset or benefit, which accordingly enables the owner to utilise the asset and to receive compensation for it. This could be in the form of a person’s ownership of, for example, a loaf of bread or a house. He is able through his ownership of the loaf, to eat it or to sell it. Similarly, through his ownership of the house, He is able to live in it or sell it. In both examples, the loaf of bread and the house are assets. The divine rule concerning them is the Law-Giver’s permission for man to utilise them by consuming them, benefiting from them or exchanging them. The permission of utilisation entails that the owner is able to eat the loaf and live in the house, as well as being able to sell them. With regard to the loaf, the divine rule is estimated by the asset, which is the permission to consume it. With regard to the house, the divine rule is estimated by the benefit, which is the permission to live in it. Ownership is thus defined as the Lawgiver’s permission for utilising the asset. Accordingly, ownership is not established except when the Lawgiver allows it and allows its means. The right of owning the asset does not result from the asset itself, or from its nature by being either beneficial or harmful. Rather it results from the permission of the Lawgiver, and from His allowing of the means that permits an asset to be legally owned. By this, the Lawgiver permits the ownership of some assets and prohibits the ownership of others. He also permits some contracts and prohibits others. Thus, the Lawgiver prohibited the ownership of wine and pigs by Muslims, and prohibited the ownership of property acquired through usury and gambling by any citizens of the Islamic State. He permitted selling, thus making it Halal, and prohibited usury thus making it Haram. He permitted the company of ‘Anan (partnership by body & finance) and prohibited co-operatives, joint stock companies and insurance.

Qonuniy mulkchilikning shartlari bor va uni tasarruf etishning cheklovlari bor. Mulkchilik jamoaning manfaatlariga yoki jamoaning a’zosi bo‘lgan va muayyan jamiyatda yashayotgan shaxsning manfaatlariga zid bo‘lmasligi kerak. Egalik qilinayotgan mol-mulkdan foydalanish faqat Shari’ — Qonun chiqaruvchi orqali amalga oshadi, U esa ilohiy vositalarga amal qilgan holda uni shaxsga beradi. Mulkchilik — Shari’ning jamoadagi shaxsga muayyan narsani topshirishi bo‘lib, aks holda U o‘sha narsaga egalik qilish huquqiga ega bo‘lmagan bo‘lar edi.

Legal ownership has conditions and its disposal has constraints. Ownership should not interfere with the interests of the community or the interests of the individual who is part of a community and living in a particular society. Utilisation of the owned asset only comes about through the Lawgiver, Who grants it to the individual by following the divine means. Ownership is the Lawgiver’s assignment to an individual in the community of a particular thing, which He would not otherwise have the right to own.

Biroq, mulkiyat egaligi aktivning o'zi va uning foydasi ustidagi egalikdir. Mulkiyatning asl maqsadi aktivdan Shar'iy hukm bilan buyurilgan tarzda foydalanishdir.

However the ownership of an asset is ownership of the asset itself and of its benefit. The real aim of the ownership is to utilise the asset in a manner enjoined by the Shar’a.

Ushbu shaxsiy mulkiyat ta'rifidan kelib chiqib, mulkiyatning qonuniy yo'llari borligini tushunish mumkin. Shuningdek, bu mulkiyatdan voz kechish (uni tasarruf etish) uchun ma'lum usullar va egalik qilingan narsalardan foydalanishning belgilangan tartibi borligini ham tushunish mumkin.

In light of this definition of individual ownership, it can be understood that there are legal means of ownership. It can also be understood that there are certain methods for the disposal of this ownership and a certain manner in which owned things may be utilised.

Shunga ko'ra, shaxsiy mulkchilik huquqiga tajovuz hisoblanadigan holatlarni shu asosda tushunish mumkin. Demak, Shariat Qonun chiqaruvchisi (Ash-Shaari') belgilagan mulk ma'nosi, ya'ni mulkka intilish va undan foydalanish, mulkning haqiqiy ta'rifi sifatida tushuniladi. Boshqacha aytganda, mulkning haqiqiy ta'rifi mulkchilikning haqiqiy ma'nosini ko'rsatadi.

Incidents that are considered to be an aggression against the right of individual ownership may therefore be understood. Thus the true meaning of possession which the Lawgiver defined as the striving for a possession as well as its utilisation is understood as the true definition of ownership. In other words, the true definition of ownership indicates the true meaning of ownership.