Shaxsiy mulkchilik huquqi — bu harakatlanuvchi va harakatlanmas mol-mulkka egalik qilish huquqiga ega bo‘lgan shaxsning qonuniy huquqidir. Bu huquq qonunchilik va odat bilan himoya qilinadi hamda belgilanadi. Mulkchilik huquqi, Shar’iy hukm bilan belgilangan moliyaviy (pul) qiymatga ega manfaat bo‘lishidan tashqari, shaxsning o‘ziga tegishli narsa ustidan nazoratga ega ekanligini bildiradi. U o‘zi ixtiyoriy ravishda qiladigan amallari ustidan nazorati bo‘lganidek, bu mol-mulkdan ham xohlagancha tasarruf qilishi mumkin. Shunday qilib, mulkchilik huquqi Allohning (SWT) amr va nahiylari doirasida belgilanadi.

The right of individual ownership is a legal right of the individual who has the right to possess movable and immovable assets. This right is protected and determined by legislation and culturing. The right of ownership, besides being an interest of monetary (financial) value determined by Shar’a, indicates that the individual has control over what He possesses. He may dispose of it in the same way that He has control over his optional actions. The right of ownership is thus determined within the limits of the commands and prohibitions of Allah (swt).

Mulkchilikning belgilanishi, mulkchilik huquqi qaysi qonuniy egalik vositalari orqali hal etilishida, shuningdek, jazo qo'llanilishi mumkin yoki mumkin bo'lmagan hollarda namoyon bo'ladi. Bunga misol qilib o'g'rilikning ta'rifi, talonchilikning ta'rifi va noqonuniy egallashning ta'rifini keltirish mumkin. Bu belgilash mulkchilikdan foydalanish, ya'ni tasarruf etish huquqida ham ko'zga tashlanadi: tasarrufning ba'zi hollari ruxsat etilgan, ba'zi boshqa hollari esa taqiqlangan bo'lib, bu hollarning ta'rifida va ularning yuzaga kelish ko'rinishlarida ham namoyon bo'ladi. Islom mulkchilikni belgilaganda uni miqdor bo'yicha emas, balki uning usuli bo'yicha belgilaydi, quyidagi masalalarda ko'rsatilganidek:

The determination of ownership is evident in the legal means of possession by which the right of ownership is decided, and in the cases to which punishments may or may not be applicable. Examples of this are the definition of theft, the definition of robbery and the definition of illegal seizure. This determination is also evident in the right of disposal of the ownership, where some cases of disposal are allowed, and some other cases are prohibited, and in the definition of these cases and the manifestation of their incidents. When Islam determines ownership it does not determine it by quantity but rather by its manner as shown in the following matters:

U'z mulkdorlik masalasini hal qildi — bunda mol-mulkning miqdoriga emas, balki uni egallash va ishga solish vositalariga nisbatan belgilandi.

1. It determined ownership in respect of the means of possession and investing of the property, rather than in the amount of the property owned.

2. Bu narsa yo'q qilish usulini belgilab berdi.

2. It determined the manner of disposal.

3. Xaroj yerining egalik huquqi shaxslarga emas, balki Davlatga tegishli ekanligi.

3. The fact that the Kharaji land title is owned by the State, not the individuals.

4. Shaxsiy mulkning ba'zi hollarda majburan jamoat mulkiga aylanishi.

4. The fact that individual property forcibly becomes a public property in certain cases.

5. Davlat o‘z mulkiga ega bo‘lish vositalari ehtiyojlarini qondirishga yetarli bo‘lmagan kishilarga zarur deb topilgan miqdorlarni beradi.

5. The State grants amounts deemed necessary to those whose means of ownership are insufficient to cater for their needs.

Shaxsiy mulkning qonuniy huquqlarini ta'minlash uchun, uning ustidan egalik qilishga mas'ul aniq bir vakolatli organ mavjud bo'lishi zarurdir. Qonunchilik fuqarolarning mulk huquqini ta'minlashni davlat zimmasiga yuklaydi. U mulk huquqini hurmat qilinishini, uni himoya qilinishini va unga tajovuz qilinmasligini kafolatlaydi. Qonunchilik bu huquqni buzganlarga, o'g'irlik, talonchilik yoki boshqa har qanday yo'l bilan bo'lsin, nisbatan qo'llaniladigan jazo ko'rinishidagi to'siqlarni o'z ichiga oladi. Tarbiya jarayonida odamlarning o'ziga haqqi bo'lmagan narsalarga, shuningdek boshqalarning mulki bo'lgan narsalarga intilishini cheklashga e'tibor qaratiladi. Shunday qilib, faqat qonuniy (halol) mulk — bu mulk tushunchasiga kiradigan narsadir. Harom mulk esa mulk sifatida qaralmaydi va mulk tushunchasiga kirmaydi.

It is inevitable that in order to ensure legal rights of ownership of individual property, a defined authority for Him over what He owns should exist. Legislation makes the securing of the individuals right of ownership a duty upon the State. It ensures the respect of ownership, its protection and non-aggression against it. Legislation incorporates deterrents in the form of punishments, which are enforced upon those who infringe on this right, whether by stealing, robbery, or in any other manner. During culturing, emphasis is placed to curtail the desires of people from longing for that which they have no right to own, and that which is owned by others. So the only legal (Halal) property is that which falls within the meaning of ownership. And the illegal (Haram) property is not considered ownership, nor does it fall within the meaning of ownership.