4 Mulkiyatning birinchi vositasi — Mehnat
4 The First Means of Ownership - Work
Har qanday mulk ashyosini diqqat bilan o‘rganish, u tabiiy ravishda mavjud bo‘lsinmi, masalan qo‘ziqorin, yoki inson mehnati bilan vujudga kelsinmi, masalan non yoki mashina, ularni egallash mehnat talab qilishini aniq ko‘rsatadi.
Close examination of any of the property assets, whether they exist naturally, like a mushroom or whether they exist by man’s effort, such as a loaf or a car, clearly suggests that their acquisition requires work.
’Amal (ish, mehnat) so‘zi keng ma’noga ega bo‘lib, uning ko‘plab turlari va shakllari hamda turli natijalari bor. Shu sababli Shar’ (ilohiy qonunchilik) ‘amal so‘zini mutlaq shaklda, ta’riflanmagan holda qoldirmadi. Shuningdek, uni umumiy shaklda ta’riflamadi, balki ayrim aniq ish shakllarini zikr qildi. U ishlarning turlarini hamda mulkka egalik qilish sababi sifatida qabul qilinadigan ishlarni bayon etdi. Ishni tavsiflovchi ilohiy hukmlarni o‘rganib ko‘rilsa, mulkka egalik qilishning haqiqiy vositasi bo‘lgan huquqiy ishlar turlari quyidagilardan iborat ekani ma’lum bo‘ladi:
The term ’Amal (work) has a wide meaning encompassing numerous types and forms and has various results, therefore the Shar’a (divine legislation) did not leave the word ‘Amal in its absolute form without definition. It also did not define ‘Amal in a general form but mentioned certain specific forms of work. It demonstrated the types of work and those that are accepted to be means of ownership. By examining the divine rules that describe work, it appears that the types of legal work, which are a valid means of possessing property, are the following: