Q 47: Kichik shirk (ko'pxudolik) nima?
Q 47: What is [As-Shirk Al-Asghar] Minor Shirk (polytheism)?
A--- Kichik shirk — bu ar-riyo' (ya'ni, ko'rsatish uchun qilinadigan amallar). Maqtov, shuhrat yoki dunyoviy manfaat olish uchun bajariladigan har qanday ibodat yoki diniy amal shu toifaga kiradi. Alloh Taolo aytadi: {Kim Robbisi bilan uchrashishni umid qilsa, solih amal qilsin va Robbisiga ibodatda hech kimni sherik qilmasin}. (Al-Kahf, 110)
A--- The Minor Shirk is Ar-Riya' (i.e. acts performed to show off). Any act of worship or any religious deed done in order to gain praise, fame or for worldly benefit, falls under this category. Almighty Allah says: {So whoever hopes for the Meeting with his Lord, let him work righteousness and associate none as a partner in the worship of his Lord}. (Al-Kahf, 110)
Payg'ambar ﷺ shunday deydilar: "Men sizlar uchun eng ko'p qo'rqadigan narsa — kichik shirkdir". Ulardan bu haqda so'ralganida, u zot: "Bu — riyodir", dedilar. Shundan so'ng, u zot ﷺ
The Prophet (Peace be upon him) says: "The most fearful thing I fear for you is Minor Shirk". He (Peace be upon him) was asked about it, and he said: "It is [Ar-Riya'] showing off". Then, he (Peace be upon him)
U Imom Ahmad bu holatni shunday izohlagan: "Kishi namozda turadi va uni boshqa paytdagidan ham chiroyliroq va to'g'riroq ado etadi, chunki u birov o'ziga qarayotganini sezadi."
explained it saying, "A man stands in prayer, performs it more beautifully and properly than ever, because he notices someone looking at him". (Imam Ahmed)
Shunday shirkka quyidagilar kiradi: Allohdan boshqa narsalar — ota-bobolar, butlar, halollik va boshqalar nomiga qasam ichish. Allohning Elchisi ﷺ aytdilar: "Ota-onalaringiz nomi bilan yoki Allohga sherik qilib qo'ygan narsalaringiz nomi bilan qasam ichmanglar". (Abu Dovud, An-Nasoiy va Al-Bayhaqiy)
Such polytheism includes taking oaths by people and things such as fathers, idols, honesty, etc, instead of Allah. Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) says: "Do not take oaths in the name of your fathers, mothers, or those you set up as rivals with Allah". (Abu Dawud, An-Nasa'i and AlBaihaqi)
U (Allohning rasuli ﷺ) ham shunday deydi: "«Ka'bа bilan qasam» demanglar, balki «Ka'bа Robbisi bilan qasam» deb ayтinglar". (Imom Ahmad) Note: "He (Peace be upon him)" refers to the Prophet Muhammad, so the honorific ﷺ is written after the mention, following the rules.
He (Peace be upon him) also says: "Do not say 'By the Ka'bah', but say 'By the Lord of the Ka 'bah"'. (Imam Ahmed)
U у (Uning) ﷺ: "Allohdan boshqasi nomiga qasam ichmanglar", — degan. (Sahih hadis)
He (Peace be upon him) says: "Do not take an oath in anyone other than Allah ". (An Authentic Hadith)
U (Allohning rasuli) aytadi: "Kim omonat nomi bilan qasam ichsa, u bizdan emas (ya'ni haqiqiy mo'min emas)". (Abu Dovud va Ahmad rivoyat qilgan)
He (Peace be upon him) says: "Whosoever takes an oath in the name of honesty is not from amongst us (i.e. a true believer) ". (Abu Dawud and Ahmed)
U (ﷺ) aytadi: "Kim Allohdan boshqa birovning nomi bilan qasam ichsa, u kofir yoki mushrik bo'ladi." Boshqa rivoyatda esa: "U kofir va mushrik bo'ladi." (Abu Dovud, At-Termiziy va Ahmad)
He (Peace be upon him) says: "Whosoever takes an oath in the name of anyone other than Allah becomes a disbeliever or a polytheist ". And in another Narration, "he becomes a disbeliever and a polytheist". (Abu Dawud, At-Tirmidhi and Ahmed)
Shuningdek, "Alloh xohlagani va sen xohlagan narsa" deyish man qilingan. Payg'ambar ﷺ bunday deган kishiga shunday degan edilar: "Meni Allohga teng qilyapsanmi? Ayt: "Faqat Allohning xohlagani bo'ladi"". (Ahmad va Buxoriy)
Also, it is forbidden to say: 'What Allah and you will'. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) asked someone who said this: "Do you make me an equal to Allah? Say, "What Allah Alone wills". (Ahmed and Bukhari)
Shuningdek, quyidagi iboralarni aytish harom: "Agar Alloh va sen bo'lmaganingda!", "Menda Allohdan va sendan boshqa hech kim yo'q!", "Alloh va sening nomingni boshlayman!" va hokazo.
It is also forbidden to say the following expressions: Had it not been for Allah and you!, I have no one but Allah and you!, I begin in the name of Allah and your name! etc.
Allohning Elchisi (ﷺ) shunday degan: "«Alloh va falon xohlagan narsa» demanglar, balki «Allohxohlagan, so'ngra falonxohlagan» deb aytinglar". (Abu Dovud va Ahmad rivoyat qilgan)
Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) says: "Do not say 'what Allah and so and so, willed', but say 'what Allah, then so and so, willed"'. (Abu Dawud and Ahmed)
Olimlar aytadilar: "Agar Alloh bo'lmaganida, falon kishi ham bo'lmas edi" deyish joizdir. Ammo "Agar Alloh va falon kishi bo'lmaganida" deyish joiz emas.
Scholars say: it is permissible to say, "Had it not been for Allah then so and so". But, "Had it not been for Allah and so and so", is not permissible to be said.
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami Note: The text above is a book title and author name, which are kept as they appear in the original.
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami