在伊斯兰法庭中，每一宗审判只由一名法官负责。他有权根据《古兰经》和圣训（逊奈）作出判决。其他法官只能在主审法官提出请求时提供建议或协助。

In an Islamic law court only one judge is responsible for any trial. He has the authority to pronounce judgements based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. Other judges may only advise or assist, if requested to do so by the presiding judge.

伊斯兰的刑罚只有在证据确凿、并且满足所有相关条件的情况下才能执行（例如，证明通奸需要四名证人）。只要证据存在任何疑点，整个案件便会被撤销。

Islamic punishments can only be administered when the evidence is proven to be definite and all relevant conditions are met (for example four witnesses to prove adultery). If there is any doubt over the evidence the whole case is thrown out.

伊斯兰教中的法官分为三类：

There are three types of judge in Islam :

1) 普通法官（Qadi ‘Aam）——负责裁决民众之间的纠纷，例如土地争议、车祸、事故等日常问题。

1) Qadi ‘Aam - responsible for settling disputes among the people, e.g. everyday issues over land, car crashes, accidents etc.

2) 卡迪·穆赫坦西卜（Qadi Muhtasib）——负责化解社会成员之间产生的纠纷，以及处理那些损害整个社会的人，例如在街上大声喧哗、在市场上欺诈等行为。

2) Qadi Muhtasib - Responsible for resolving disputes that arise between the Ummah and any people who harm the society at large, e.g. shouting in the streets, cheating in the market etc.