majlis al-Ummah（民众议会）是伊斯兰统治体制的一部分。它处理的是属于mubah（允许）范畴、无需专家即可得出正确结论的事务。民众议会作出的此类决定被称为"mashura"（协商决议）。由于在mubah事务中并不存在固定的对错，此时多数人的意见即为具有约束力的意见。因此，只要这些意见属于民众议会的法定意见范围，哈里发就有义务执行民众议会的意见。这一点有先知ﷺ的圣训为证："如果你们两人（指欧麦尔和艾布·伯克尔）对某项mashura达成一致，我不会违背它。"

The Majlis al-Ummah is part of the ruling structure of Islam. It deals with matters which are mubah and do not require an expert to arrive at the correct conclusion. These decisions of the Majlis al-Ummah are termed as ‘mashura’. The majority’s opinion is the binding opinion, in this case, since there is no set right or wrong in the mubah matters. The Khaleefah is therefore obliged to uphold the opinions of the Majlis al- Ummah, as long as the opinions are in the legal area of opinion for the Majlis al-Ummah. This is substantiated by the hadith of the Prophet (saw) : “If both of you (referring to ‘Umar and Abu Bakr) agree on a mashura, I would not go against it..”.

那些代表穆斯林向国家元首表达意见的人,被称为"乌玛议会"(Majlis al-Ummah)。非穆斯林可以列席议会的某些会议,目的是陈述统治机构所施加的压迫,或者申诉他们在实施伊斯兰律法于自身方面所遇到的任何问题。

The persons who represent the Muslims in voicing their opinions to the head of the State are called to the Majlis al-Ummah. It is allowed for the non-Muslims to be in certain sessions of the Majlis, for the purpose of presenting complaints about oppression by the hand of the ruling apparatus or to complain about any problems, which they encounter with regards to the implementation of Islam upon them.

Majlis al-Ummah 的成员由民众选举产生，成员资格不存在性别区分。只要候选人拥有公民身份、神智健全，并已度过青春期，即符合资格，无论男女。

The members of the Majlis al-Ummah are elected by the people, and there is no gender distinction in who can be a member. As long as the candidate carries the citizenship, is sane and is in his/her post-puberty years, then he or she qualifies.

关于乌玛议会（Majlis al-Ummah）的结构，可以设立两个主要委员会：一个负责监督中央政府，另一个负责监督省级政府。在这两个主要委员会之内，设有若干附属委员会，依据各成员的能力分派具体任务。

Pertaining to the structure of the Majlis al-Ummah, there can be two main committees. One to oversee the central government and one for the provincial government. Within these main committees exist subcommittees which are assigned specific tasks based on the ability of the individuals.

伊斯兰的本质在于维护公正与社会和谐，并在制度性压迫出现时将其连根拔除、予以消除。主权属于伊斯兰的立法依据，而伊斯兰立法依据的目标，是保障并维护社会的理想，同时满足社会中每个人的个体需求。伊斯兰赋予民众执行沙里亚法则的权力，以使这些目标和宗旨得以维持。民众进而推举一人（哈里发）依照伊斯兰来统治他们，若哈里发明显违背沙里亚，民众有权使用武力将其罢免。

The nature of Islam is to preserve justice and societal harmony, and to uproot and eliminate institutional oppression if and when it presents itself. Sovereignty belongs to Islam’s legislative sources, and the aim of Islam’s legislative sources is to secure and uphold the societal ideals, while satisfying the individual needs of each human being in the society. Islam granted the people the authority to implement the Shari‘ah rules whereby these aims and objectives would be maintained. The people in turn appoint one person (The Khaleefah) to rule them by Islam, and they are permitted to use force to remove the Khaleefah, in case he clearly went against the Shari‘ah.

司法体系的一个分支被称为“马拉希姆法院”（Mahkamat al Madhaalim，意为“不公正行为法院”）。这一司法分支的主要职能是裁决民众与哈里发之间的争端。司法分支中法官的裁决或判决不得暂缓执行，而必须予以执行，即便该裁决是要罢免哈里发本人，或其所委任的任何人。若不执行马拉希姆法院法官的裁决或判决，则赋予民众罢免哈里发的权利，必要时甚至可以用武力罢免。

One of the branches of the judicial system is called Mahkamat al Madhaalim (Court of Unjust Acts). The primary role or function of this judicial branch is to settle disputes between the people and the Khaleefah. The order or finding of a judge in the judicial branch cannot be stayed, but rather it must be implemented, even if the order was to remove the Khaleefah himself, or anyone that he has deputised. Failure to implement the order or finding of a judge in Mahkamat al Madhaalim, provides a license to the people to remove the Khaleefah, even by force if necessary.

majlis al-Ummah 的职能之一，是为民众提供一个平台，使他们可以向政府表达满意或不满，并提出申诉。Mahkamat al Madhaalim（申诉法院）可以接受来自 Majlis al-Ummah 的申诉，国家中的个人也可以直接向 Mahkamat al Madhaalim 提出申诉。每个人都受伊斯兰立法渊源的约束，因此伊斯兰社会中不存在特权阶层；凡处于伊斯兰国家管辖之下的人，无论是穆斯林还是非穆斯林，其权利都必须得到保护。因此，伊斯兰维护正义与社会和谐、铲除和消灭压迫的方法，是切实可行且务实的。

One of the functions of the Majlis al-Ummah is to create a platform whereby the people can voice either their satisfaction or their dissatisfaction and complaints to the government. The Mahkamat al Madhaalim would be presented with the complaints from the Majlis al- Ummah or the individual in the State could take his complaint to Mahkamat al Madhaalim directly. Everyone is subject to Islam’s legislative sources and as such there is no elite class in the Islamic society, and anyone who is under the jurisdiction of the Islamic State, be they Muslim or non-Muslim, must have their rights protected. Therefore, Islam’s method of preserving justice and social harmony, and uprooting and eliminating oppression is realistic and practical.

另一种建立对政府的"制衡"的方法是哈里发的提名程序。哈里发作为一种选择,可以从穆斯林议会(Majlis al-Ummah)提出的人选中产生。因此,穆斯林议会确保当选哈里发职位的人是符合条件的虔诚穆斯林。由此,一个只顾谋取个人利益的人便无法成为哈里发。