根据伊斯兰教法（Shari‘ah），维系男女关系的主要原则如下：

The main principles which preserve the relationship between men and women according to the Islamic Shari‘ah are:

男子和女子都必须遮盖自己的私处（awrah）。

Men and women must cover their awrah.

男女分开，只有在特定的区域才允许男女混杂。

Men and women are segregated, and mixing between them is allowed only in specific areas.

不允许一名与女子没有血亲或婚姻关系的男子与该女子独处于隐秘之地（khalwa）。

It is not allowed for an unrelated man and woman to be together in a secluded place (khalwa).

男女双方都必须低下目光，彼此回避，并保持贞洁与端庄。

Men and women must lower their gaze towards each other and preserve their modesty.

不允许女性在没有可靠的住所保障（即没有 mahram 陪同）的情况下独自旅行超过24小时。6. 婚姻是无血缘关系的男女之间建立亲密陪伴关系的合法制度。婚姻可以通过离婚解除。7. 伊斯兰教界定了母亲、父亲和子女的角色。

It is not permitted for a woman to travel alone for more then 24 hours away from a secure place (i.e. without a mahram). 6. Marriage is a valid institution for unrelated men and women to have intimate companionship with each other. Marriage may be dissolved by divorce. 7. Islam defines the roles of motherhood, fatherhood and children.

"Awrah"（عورة，中文通常译作"羞部"或"隐私部位"）是伊斯兰教所用的术语，指男子或女子身上在他人面前必须遮盖的部位。遵守这一规定，能够保持遵行者的端庄与尊严。羞部有不同的程度，应遮盖的范围则取决于穆斯林与其周围之人的关系。

Awrah is the term used by Islam to indicate the areas of the body on a man or woman which must be covered up in the presence of other people. This is an act which preserves the modesty and dignity of those who conform to it. There are different degrees of awrah, and the extent to which they must be covered depends on the relationship that the Muslim has with the people around him or her.

男性的私处（awrah）可以分为两类：

The awrah of the man can be divided into two categories :

Awrah Ghalida（强羞部位）：包括私处和臀部后侧。

Awrah Ghalida (hard awrah) : this encompasses the private parts and the back side.

“隐私部位较轻者”（Awrah Khafifa，轻度awrah）：指肚脐以下至膝盖之间的其他部位。

Awrah Khafifa (soft awrah) : this encompasses the other areas from between the navel to the knee.

男人的羞部对另一个男人而言：

The awrah of the man to another man :

对于男子而言，无论是在公共场合，还是在有其他男人在场的私下场合，都不得暴露其柔软部位或坚硬部位这两部分awrah中的任何一个部位。

It is forbidden for the man to uncover any area of either of these parts of his soft or hard awrah in public, or in private when other men are present.

男人对女人的羞部（ʿawrah）：

The awrah of the man to the woman :

同样的规定也适用于男子在任何女子面前的情形，包括他的近亲。然而，男子可以向他的妻子展示其身体的任何部分。

The same applies when the man is in the presence of any woman, including his near relatives. However, it is permitted for a man to show any part of his awrah to his wife.

证据：艾布·赛义德·胡德里传述，先知ﷺ说："男子的私处在肚脐与膝盖之间。"

Evidence: Abu Said al-Khudri said that the Prophet (saw) said, “A man’s awrah is between his navel and his knees.”.

女性的私处（awrah）分为两个部分：

The awrah of the woman is divided into two areas :

"الْعَوْرَةُ الْغَلِيظَةُ"：自胸部（包括乳房）至膝盖之间的部位。

Awrah Ghalida (hard awrah) : This is between the chest (including the breast) and the knee.

羞处轻度（Awrah Khafifa）：指身体除脸和双手之外的所有部位。

Awrah Khafifa (soft awrah) : This is all of the body except for the face and the hands.

女性的羞体（'awrah）对男性而言：

The awrah of the woman to a man:

在女性身处公共场所，或可能被非亲属男性看到的情况下，例如街道或集市，她必须始终遮盖好柔软的私处（awrah）。她所穿的衣服不能紧身、显露身体的轮廓，因为这并不构成对其awrah的充分遮盖。如果一名非亲属男性看到了她哪怕一根头发，那么他就是看到了她的awrah，并且犯了罪（除非有合法的伊斯兰教法理由，例如医疗诊治等）。

The soft awrah must be covered at all times when the woman is in the public areas or when an unrelated man may be able to see her, like the street or the market-place. The clothes that she wears cannot be tight, and reveal the shape of her body, as this does not constitute the adequate covering of her awrah. If an unrelated man has looked at even as much as one hair on her head, then he has seen her awrah, and has committed a sin (unless their is a valid Shari‘ah reason for doing so, e.g. medical treatment etc).

如果女性处于私密场所,比如她的家中,并且身边有她的男性mahram(即不可结婚的近亲)或其他女性,她必须遮盖其硬性awrah,但可以露出其软性awrah。

If the woman is in the private places, like her home, but is in the presence of her male mahram (non-marriageable relatives) or other women, she must cover her hard awrah, but may show her soft awrah.

只有丈夫可以在其面前展露女子的全身，包括严格意义上的私处（awrah）。

The only person in front of whom the woman can show all of her body, including the hard awrah, is her husband.

“阿伊莎（愿主喜悦她）传述：阿布·伯克尔之女阿斯玛来见安拉的使者ﷺ，她身上穿着薄衣。使者ﷺ把脸转向一边，对她说：“阿斯玛啊！女孩到了月经期，身体除了这里和这里之外，都不应当显露。”他指了指她的脸和手掌。——艾布·达乌德辑录。”

‘A’isha (ra) narrated that Asma, the daughter of Abu Bakr came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) while there were thin clothes on her. He turned his face away from her and said to her, “O Asma! When a girl reaches the menstrual time, it is not proper for her that anything should remain exposed except this and this.” He gestured at her face and palms. Abu Daud.

除了遮盖her awrah（羞体）之外，妇女在公共场所时还必须遵守一套特定的着装规范。这关乎装饰的问题。她必须穿着外袍，其包括： Note: I need to correct my output—"her awrah" should be translated fully. Corrected translation: 除了遮盖羞体之外，妇女在公共场所时还必须遵守一套特定的着装规范。这涉及装饰的问题。她必须穿着外袍，其包括：

There is a specific dress code that the woman must conform to when she is in public areas, as well as covering her awrah. This concerns the issue of adornment. She must wear an outer garment, which consists of:

Khimar（خمار）——一种头巾，用来遮盖她的全部头发，并一直垂到胸前。

Khimar - this is a head covering which conceals all of her hair, and reaches down to cover her chest.

**Jilbab** – 这是一种桶形的外袍，覆盖全身，不显露身体的轮廓和形状。它可以是一件式的，也可以是两件式的。真主（SWT）说：“先知啊！你要对你的妻子、你的女儿和信士的妇女说，让她们把外袍垂放在身上，这样更适宜，她们便会被识别，也就不会受到骚扰。”[TMQ 33:59]

Jilbab - This is a barrel shaped outer garment which covers the whole body, and does not reveal the underlying shape or definition. This may be in one piece or two pieces. Allah (swt) says, “Oh Prophet, say to your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers that they let down over them their jilbab (over garment); this will be more proper, that they may be known, and thus they will not be annoyed.” [TMQ 33:59].

此外，女性不得穿着鲜艳的颜色或任何会引人注目的服饰。这适用于首饰、化妆品，或任何在她行走时可能发出声响的物品。她也不得在公共场所擦用会被人闻到气味的香水。不过，如果她所化的妆或所穿的衣服不会引起不当的注意，她可以在公共场所穿戴。

As well, the woman is forbidden from wearing bright colours or any style of clothing that will attract attention to her. This applies for jewellery, make-up, or anything which may make a noise when she walks. She is also not allowed to put on perfume that can be smelt when she is in public places. However, if she wears make-up or clothes which do not attract undue attention, she may wear these in public.

在私密场所，以及在其他女性或她的马赫勒姆（不可与之结婚的近亲）面前，她可以穿着自己所选择的衣服并化妆，只要符合伊斯兰的条件（如遮盖必须遮盖的身体部位、不模仿非信徒的服饰等）。但若在外来男子面前，则不适用此条。真主（SWT）说：“你告诉信道的妇女，要垂下她们的视线，保守她们的贞操，不要露出她们的装饰，除非自然显露的部分；让她们把头巾垂到胸前，不要向丈夫、父亲、丈夫的父亲、儿子、丈夫的儿子、兄弟、兄弟的儿子、姐妹的儿子、同类的妇女、她们右手所有的奴婢、不需要异性的男仆，或尚未懂得妇女隐秘的幼童之外的人显露她们的装饰；她们走路时不要跺脚，以免泄露她们隐藏的装饰。”[TMQ 24:31]

In the private areas, while in the presence of other women or her maharim (non-marriageable relatives), but not if in the presence of unrelated men, she may wear whatever clothes and make-up that she chooses, as long as they conform to the Islamic conditions (like covering the hard awrah, not imitating the clothes of the disbelievers, etc.). Allah (swt) says, “And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and be modest, and to display of their adornment only that which is apparent, and to draw their veils over their bosoms, and not to reveal their adornment save to their husbands or fathers, their husbands fathers, their sons, their husbands sons, their brothers or their brothers sons, or their sisters sons, or their women, or the slaves whom their right hand possesses, or male servants free of physical needs, or small children who have no sense of shame of sex; and that they should not strike their feet in order to draw attention to their hidden ornaments.” [TMQ 24:31].