无论穆斯林还是非穆斯林，无论男女，只要处于伊斯兰国的统治之下，一经证实犯下罪行，都须接受司法机关的惩处。这是因为《古兰经》和圣训中出现的刑罚条文是普遍性的，并未specify限定惩罚仅适用于穆斯林或非穆斯林，例如安拉（SWT）说："窃盗的男女，你们当断他们的手，以报答他们所做的罪行。"[TMQ 5:38]

Both Muslims and non-Muslims, whether male of female, who are under the authority of the Islamic State are subject to the punishment of the judiciary if they are proven to have committed the crimes. This is because the orders of punishment that appear in the Qur’an or hadith are general and do not specify that the punishments are restricted to Muslims or non-Muslims, e.g. Allah (swt) says, “And as for the male and female thief, cut off their hands as a punishment for what they have done.” [TMQ 5:38].

此外,穆罕默德ﷺ对穆斯林和非穆斯林都执行了哈杜德刑罚,例如两名犹太人犯了通奸罪时,就是这样处理的,并且关于他们的经文也因此降示:

Additionally, Muhammad (saw) administered the punishments of hadud upon the Muslims as well as the non-Muslims, as was the case when two Jews committed zina (fornication), and the ayah was revealed regarding them :

“通奸的男人和通奸的女人，你们要各打一百鞭。”[TMQ 24:2]

“The fornicator and the fornicatress, lash each of them one hundred stripes.” [TMQ 24:2].

禁止因非穆斯林犯罪或遭受犯罪而歧视他们。这是因为伊斯兰国家的所有公民地位平等，并享有同样受保障的权利。穆罕默德ﷺ说："谁伤害了一个齐米人，就如同伤害了我。"齐米人是伊斯兰国家中的非穆斯林公民。

It is forbidden to discriminate against any non-Muslim if they commit or are a victim of a crime. This is because all citizens of the Islamic State are equal in status, and have the same rights guaranteed. Muhammad (saw) said, “Whoever harms a dhimmi, it is as if he harms me.” A dhimmi is a non-Muslim citizen of the Islamic State.

只有对自己的行为负有责任的人才会受到惩罚。穆罕默德ﷺ说:“三类人的行为不被记录:疯癫的人,直到他恢复理智;儿童,直到他成年;熟睡的人,直到他醒来。”

Only those who are responsible for their actions are subject to punishment. Muhammad (saw) said, “The pen is lifted (from recording the deeds of) three : The majnun (madman) until he becomes sane, the child until he becomes mature and the sleeping person till he awakes.”.

在该圣训所提及的所有情况中，当事人对自己的行为不负责任，因为他无法分辨其行为的对错。因此，他不受法庭对犯有同样罪行者通常施加的刑罚。

In all of the situations mentioned in the hadith, the person is not responsible for his actions, as he is unable to discern the correctness or incorrectness in his actions. Thus, he is not subject to the punishments that the court would normally administer to someone who had committed the same crimes.

如果任何罪行是在受胁迫的情况下犯下的,而且经证明确实如此,则不承担法律责任。穆罕默德(saw)说:"我的乌玛若因受胁迫、无心之失或遗忘而犯下罪行,将获得宽恕。"同样,对于在这种排除刑事行为责任的心理状态下所犯的罪行,也不会施加任何刑罚。 Note: the honorific "(saw)" is an abbreviation that the rules say to replace with ﷺ after the Prophet's name, so the correct rendering is: 如果任何罪行是在受胁迫的情况下犯下的,而且经证明确实如此,则不承担法律责任。穆罕默德ﷺ说:"我的乌玛若因受胁迫、无心之失或遗忘而犯下罪行,将获得宽恕。"同样,对于在这种排除刑事行为责任的心理状态下所犯的罪行,也不会施加任何刑罚。

If any crime is committed under force of duress, there will be no legal liability if it is proved that this was the case. Muhammad (saw) said, “My Ummah will be forgiven for crimes it commits under duress, in error, or as a result of forgetfulness.” Again here, no punishment will be given for crimes committed under such a state of mind as negating responsibility for a criminal act.