Al-Najm (Tauraruwa)
Al-Najm (The Star)
Gabatarwa
Prologue
Gabaɗaya, wannan sura tana bayyana kamar wata waƙa mai ban mamaki. Daga farko har ƙarshe, wani kyakkyawan salo yana gudana ta cikin tsarin kalmominta, da kuma ƙarshen ayoyinta masu hade sauti. Wannan yana bayyana sosai kuma da gangan a wasu wurare, inda ake ƙara ko zaɓar wata kalma domin kiyaye rhythm ko hade sauti, baya ga yadda hakan ke ƙara ma'ana. Misali na haka shi ne ayoyi biyu da ke cewa: "Shin kun ga Al-Lat da Al-'Uzza, da Manat, ta uku, ƙarshe?" (Ayoyi 19-20) Da an ce "da Manat, ta uku", da an karya mizani kuma ba a kiyaye rhythm ba. A gefe guda kuma, da an ce "da Manat, ɗayan", da ba a kiyaye hade sauti ba. Kowace daga cikin waɗannan kalmomi tana ba da gudummawa ga ma'ana, amma kiyaye mizani da hade sauti ma da gangan ne. Haka abin yake a inda aka yi amfani da kalmar "to" a ayoyi: "Shin ku kuna da namiji shi kuma yana da mace? Wannan to rabo ne marar adalci." (Ayoyi 21-22) Wannan kalma, wato "idhan" ko "to", wajibi ce don kiyaye mizani da rhythm, amma tana kuma da manufar fasaha.1
As a whole, this surah comes across as a superb symphony. From start to finish, a fine tune runs through its verbal structure, as well as its rhyming verse endings. This is especially apparent and deliberate at certain points, where a word is added or preferred to maintain the beat or the rhyme, in addition to how it enhances the meaning. One example is found in the two verses saying: “Have you considered al-Lat and al- (Uzza> and Manat, the third other?" (Verses 19-20) Had the second verse said, ‘and Manat, the third’, the metre would have been broken and the beat would not have been maintained. On the other hand, had it said, and Manat, the other one,’ the rhyme would not have been maintained. Each of the words used contributes to the meaning, but maintaining the metre and the rhyme is also deliberate. The same may be said where the word then is used in the verses: “Are you to have the male and He the female? That would then be an unfair division." (Verses 21-22) This word idhan, or then, is necessary to maintain the metre and the beat, but it also serves an artistic purpose.1