Wannan sashe na sūratul ya bi babbar hanyarsa, yana duba faffadan sararin halitta wanda rayuwar mutane da al'amuransu ke da alaƙa da shi. A cikin wannan babban fili ne muke ganin yadda dokokin da ke tafiyar da rayuwa da duniya ke aiki cikin jituwa da dokokin addinin gaskiya, ba tare da wani rikici ko sabani ba.

This section of the sūrah follows its main line, looking at the universal expanse to which people’s lives and events are related. It is in this great expanse that we see how the laws governing life and the universe operate in harmony with the laws of the true faith, suffering no conflict or contradiction.

Этот раздел рисует картину того, как человеческие желания часто меняются, в то время как законы и установления Аллаха остаются неизменными. Он показывает, насколько шатки идолопоклоннические верования по сравнению с силой истинной веры. Он описывает отношение людей в дни достатка и в дни тягот, когда средств к жизни много и когда их мало. Пока люди не полагаются на меру Аллаха, которая никогда не меняется, и пока они не принимают волю Аллаха, Который дает, кому пожелает, в изобилии или в скудости, их ценности и мерила будут неустойчивыми. Поскольку речь идет о пропитании, сура указывает им на средства, которые очищают имущество и делают его приумножающимся, что соответствует истинной вере. Таким образом, она разъясняет им, Кто является Творцом, дарующим пропитание, дающим жизнь и посылающим смерть. Ложные божества, которых они объявляют соучастниками Аллаха, не делают ничего подобного. Сура предостерегает их от порчи, которую идолопоклонство и ложные верования распространяют повсюду.

This section draws an image of how human desires frequently change while God’s rules and laws remain constant. It shows how flimsy idolatrous beliefs are compared with the power of true faith. It describes people’s attitudes in times of ease and hardship, when provisions are plentiful and stinted. Unless people rely on God’s measure, which never fluctuates, and unless they accept God’s will who gives as He pleases, in plenty or in small measure, their values and standards will remain unstable. Since it mentions the provision of sustenance, the sūrah directs them to the means that purifies money and makes it grow, which is in line with true faith. In this way, it makes clear to them who the Creator that gives sustenance, initiates life and causes death is. The false deities they allege to be God’s partners do nothing of the kind. It alerts them to the corruption that idolatry and false beliefs spread everywhere.

Sūrah ta umurci Annabi da Musulmi su tsaya tsayin daka a kan bin addini na gaskiya kafin zuwan wata rana da babu wani aiki da zai amfani mutum a cikinta. Rana ce da za a lissafta duk abin da mutane suka aikata, kuma su karɓi ladansu na adalci saboda duk wannan. A cikin mahallin abin da Allah ke bayarwa, sūrah ta karkata hankalinsu zuwa wasu al'amura na irin waɗannan arziƙi, wasu daga cikinsu suna da alaƙa da rayuwarsu, kamar ruwan sama da ke sauka daga sama, yana ba da rai ga ƙasa bayan ta mutu. Haka kuma, wahayin Allah yana zuwa ga Annabi ﷺ don ya ba zukata da rayuka rai. Duk da haka, ba sa sauraro, ba sa kuma bin shiriya. Sūrah ta kuma kai mu zagaye inda muke duba matakan halittar mutum da rayuwarsa har ya koma ga Ubangijinsa.

Sa'ad da cuta ta sami mutane, sai su yi kira ga Ubangijinsu suna mai da hankali gare Shi cikin tuba. Amma idan Ya ba su ɗanɗanon rahamarsa, sai wasu daga cikinsu su yi shirka da Ubangijinsu, kamar suna nuna rashin godiya ga abin da Muka ba su. Ku ji daɗin rayuwarku, to, [kamar yadda kuke so]; ba da daɗewa ba za ku sani [gaskiyar]. Shin Mun taɓa saukar musu da wata hujja da ta tabbatar da abin da suke haɗawa da God a matsayin abokan tarayya? Idan Muka ba mutane ɗanɗanon rahama, sai su yi murna da ita; amma idan wata masifa ta same su saboda abin da hannayensu suka aikata, sai su rasa dukkan bege.

When harm touches people they call out to their Lord for help, turning to Him in repentance. But when He gives them a taste of His grace, some of them associate partners with their Lord, [as if] to show their ingratitude for what We have given them. Enjoy, then, your life [as you may]; before long you will come to know [the truth]. Have We ever sent down to them a warrant to confirm what they associate as partners with God? When We give people a taste of grace, they rejoice in it; but if evil befalls them as an outcome of what their own hands have wrought, they lose all hope.

Ba su sani ba cewa Allah ne yake ba da arziki a yalwace ko kuma da ƙayyadaddun ma'auni ga wanda ya so? Lalle a cikin wannan akwai alamu bayyanannu ga mutanen da suka yi imani.

Are they not aware that God gives in abundance, or in scant measure, to whom He wills? In this there are clear signs indeed for people who believe. (Verses 33-37)

Waɗannan ayoyi suna zana hoton ruhin ɗan Adam wanda ba ya dogara ga ƙayyadaddun tunani, kuma ba ya bin tsayayyun layi. Saboda haka yana karkata tsakanin saurin mayar da martani, dangane da abubuwa masu karo da juna ko al'amura. Don haka, sa'ad da cuta ta same irin waɗannan mutane, sukan juya zuwa ga Allah, suna sane cewa Shi kaɗai ne zai iya cetonsu. Amma sa'ad da wahalar ta wuce, kuma al'amura suka sake daidaituwa, Allah yana ba su alherinsa, sai "wasu daga cikinsu su yi wa Ubangijinsu shirka." (Ayah 33) Waɗannan su ne waɗanda ba sa bin imani na gaskiya, kuma ba sa amfana da hasken da yake bai wa masu bi. Sauƙi da jin daɗi suna cire gaggawar da ta sa suka juya zuwa ga Allah don neman tallafi da kariya. Sukan manta da wahalar da suka sha a baya. Saboda haka, maimakon su ci gaba da tafarkin juyawa zuwa ga Allah da godiya gare Shi, sai su ƙaryata shiriyarsa da alherin da Ya yi musu.

These verses draw a picture of the human soul that does not rely on solid concepts, or follow clear lines. It thus vacillates between sudden reactions, in response to conflicting influences or events. Thus, when harm touches such people, they turn to God, realizing that only He can save them. Yet when the affliction is over, and things are comfortable again, with God bestowing His grace on them, “some of them associate partners with their Lord.” (Verse 33) These are they who do not follow true faith and who do not benefit from the light it gives to the faithful. Ease and comfort remove the emergency that made them turn to God for support and protection. They forget their earlier hardship. Thus, rather than maintain the path of turning to God and of being grateful to Him, they disbelieve in His guidance and the grace He has bestowed on them.

Sūrah ɗin daga nan yana tattaunawa kan batun shirka daga mahangar samar da arziki da neman abin rayuwa, da yadda hakan ke shafar rayuwarsu kamar yadda ya shafi rayuwar al'ummomin da suka gabace su. Haka kuma yana nuna ƙarshen al'ummomin baya da kufai da ke tsaye a matsayin shaida ga irin waɗannan ƙarshe:

The sūrah then discusses the issue of polytheism from the viewpoint of providing sustenance and earning a living, and how this affects their lives as it affected the lives of generations before them. It also shows the end of earlier communities and the ruins standing witness to such ends:

Shi ne Allah ya halicce ku, sa'an nan ya azurta ku, sa'an nan zai sa ku mutu, sa'an nan ya rayar da ku. Shin akwai wani daga cikin abubuwan da kuke haɗawa da Shi a matsayin abokan tarayya da zai iya yin ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa? Tsarki ya tabbata ga Allah cikin ɗaukakarSa, kuma Ya fi girma daga duk abin da mutane ke dangantawa da Shi na abokan tarayya. Fasadi ya yi yawa a cikin ƙasa da teku sakamakon abin da hannayen mutane suka aikata; saboda haka zai ɗanɗana musu sakamakon wasu ayyukansu, domin su komo hanya madaidaiciya. Ka ce: "Ku yi yawo a cikin duniya ku duba yaya ƙarshen waɗanda suka riga ku ya kasance? Mafi yawansu sun haɗa abokan tarayya ga Allah." (Ayoyi 40-42)

It is God who has created you, and then has provided you with sustenance, and then will cause you to die, and then will bring you to life again. Can any of those whom you associate as partners with Him do any of these things? Limitless is God in His glory, and sublimely exalted above anything which people may allege to be partners with Him. Corruption has become rife on land and sea in consequence of what people’s hands have wrought; and so He will let them taste the consequences of some of their doings, so that they might mend their ways. Say: ‘Travel around the world and see what was the fate of those who lived before you. Most of them did associate partners with God.’ (Verses 40-42)

Sūrah ta gabatar musu da gaskiyar rayuwarsu, wadda ba za su iya musantawa ba, cewa tana daga halittar Allah, kuma babu wani rabo da za su iya dangantawa ga abubuwan bautarsu da suke da'awar. Ta faɗa musu cewa Allah ne ya halicce su, ya tanadar musu da abincinsu, ya sa su mutuwa, sa'an nan ya mayar da su rayuwa. Su kansu suna yarda cewa Allah ne yake halitta su. Game da abinci kuwa, ba za su iya cewa abubuwan bautarsu da suke da'awar suna ba su wani abu daga ciki ba. Ba su da hujja a kan abin da Alƙur'ani ya faɗa game da sa mutuwa. Tambayar tashin kiyama ce kawai suke musu. Sūrah ta haɗa ta da sauran gaskiyoyin da suke yarda da su, don tashin kiyama ya zama mai tabbata a zukatansu. Hanyar da aka yi amfani da ita a wannan kira na Alƙur'ani tana da tasiri na musamman. Tana magana kai tsaye da yanayin halittarsu, tana kauce wa duk wani tunani na karkata. Yanayin ɗan Adam ba zai iya musanta gaskiyar tashin kiyama ba.

Surah ta fara wani zagaye yana nuna wasu daga cikin alamomin Allah, da yadda suke nuna alherinsa yayin da yake azurta su da arziki da shiriya. Suna gane wasu daga cikin wannan, suna musanta wasu. Duk da haka, ba sa godiya ko bin shiriyarsa.

The sūrah begins a new round showing some of God’s signs and how they reflect His grace as He provides them with sustenance and guidance. They recognize only parts of this, denying others. Nevertheless, they do not give thanks or follow His guidance:

Daga cikin alamominsa akwai cewa yana aika iskoki masu kawo bishara, don ya ɗanɗana muku wani ɓangare na rahamarsa, kuma jiragen ruwa su yi tafiya bisa umarninsa, don ku nemi wani ɓangare na falalarsa, kuma ku yi godiya. Lallai mun aika manzanni kafin ku zuwa ga mutanensu, suka kawo musu hujjoji bayyanannu. Sai muka kaka wa waɗanda suka aikata mugunta da gangan. Haƙƙi ne a kanmu mu taimaki muminai. Allah ne yake aika iskoki, sai su tayar da gajimare, sa'an nan ya watsa su yadda ya so a sararin sama, ya kuma sa su rabu, sai ku ga ruwan sama yana fitowa daga cikinsa. Da zarar ya sauke shi a kan wanda ya so daga cikin bayinsa, sai su yi farin ciki, ko da yake a ɗan lokaci kafin a sauke shi a kansu, sun riga sun yanke ƙauna gaba ɗaya. Don haka ku duba sakamakon rahamar Allah:

And among His signs is that He sends forth the winds bearing good news, so that He might give you a taste of His grace, and that ships might sail at His bidding; so that you might go about in quest of some of His bounty, and that you might have cause to be grateful. We have certainly sent before you messengers to their own peoples, and they brought them clear evidence of the truth. Therefore, We inflicted punishment upon those who deliberately did evil. It is incumbent upon Us to give support to the believers. It is God who sends forth the winds so that they raise clouds, whereupon He spreads them as He wills across the skies, and causes them to break up so that you can see the rain issuing from within it. As soon as He causes it to fall upon whomever He wills of His servants, they rejoice, even though a short while ago, before it was sent down upon them, they had abandoned all hope. Behold, then, the effects of God’s grace:

Yadda Yake raya ƙasa bayan ta mutu! Lalle ne shi ne wanda zai rayar da matattu; domin shi Mai iko ne a kan kowane abu. (Ayoyi 46-50)

how He gives life to the earth after it had been lifeless! It is indeed He, the One who can bring the dead back to life; for He has power over all things. (Verses 46-50)

Alamomin Allah a nan sun haɗa da iskoki a matsayin masu shelar bishara, da aika manzanni da hujjoji bayyanannu, da ba masu imani goyon baya, da aika ruwan sama don ya rayar da ƙasa matacciya, da kuma mayar da matattu zuwa rai. Wannan haɗuwa tana da muhimmanci ƙwarai. Dukkan waɗannan sassa ne na rahama da alherin Allah, kuma dukkansu wani ɓangare ne na dokokin da Allah ya kafa su yi aiki. Lallai akwai dangantaka ta kut-da-kut tsakanin tsarin duniya, da saƙonnin shiryarwa na Allah waɗanda manzanninsa ke yaɗawa, da nasarar da ake bai wa masu imani. Dukkan waɗannan suna cikin alamomin Allah, da kuma sassan alherinsa. Suna da muhimmanci ga rayuwar ɗan Adam, kuma suna da alaƙa ƙwarai da tsarin duniya baki ɗaya.

Don haka surah ɗin ta bayyana yadda sha'awoyin mutane ke sauyawa, rashin amfana da alamomin Allah da suke gani a cikin duniya da ke kewaye da su, da kuma gazawarsu wajen fahimtar hikimar Allah a bayan al'amuran rayuwa. Sannan ta juya zuwa ga Annabi ﷺ tana ta'azantar da shi saboda rashin iya shawo kan mutane da yawa su bi shiriyar Allah. Ta gaya masa cewa wannan saboda yanayinsu da makancinsu, wanda ba zai taba iya warkar da shi ba.

Thus the sūrah describes the fluctuation of people’s desires, their inability to benefit by God’s signs that they see in the universe around them, and their failure to recognize God’s wisdom behind life’s events. It then addresses the Prophet consoling him for not being able to persuade many of them to follow divine guidance. It tells him that this is due to their nature and blindness, which he can never cure.

Hakika ba za ka iya sa matattu su ji ba; kuma ba za ka iya sa kurma ta ji kira naka ba idan sun juya baya suka tafi. Haka kuma ba za ka iya shiryar da makafi daga bata nasu ba.

Indeed you cannot make the dead hear; and you cannot make the deaf hear your call when they turn their backs and go away. Nor can you lead the blind out of their error.

Kai kawai za su saurara ga waɗanda suka yi imani da ayoyinMu; kuma waɗannan za su miƙa kansu (ga Allah). Note: The original reads "God," so the translation uses the Hausa word for God, "Allah" in Hausa usage, consistent with the rule.

You can only get those who believe in Our signs to listen; and they will then submit themselves [to God]. (Verses 52-53)

Surah yana nuna cewa su matattu ne, kurame kuma makafi, ba su da motsi, ji ko gani. Sun keɓe kansu daga duniyar da ke kewaye da su, saboda haka ba sa iya fahimtar dokokin duniya na gaba ɗaya da ke shafar ta. Don haka, rayuwarsu ba ta wuce ta dabba ba, ko ma ƙasa da haka. Dabba tana bin dabi'arta, wadda ba kasafai take bata mata ba. Sabanin haka, mutumin da ba ya amsawa ga wahayin Allah duk da tasirinsa mai ƙarfi a zukata da hankali, kurma ne ko da yana da kunnuwan da suke ji.

The sūrah shows them to be lifeless, deaf and blind, devoid of motion, hearing and sight. They have isolated themselves from the world around them and thus they are unable to understand the universal laws affecting it. Hence, they have no more than an animal life, or even less. An animal is guided by its nature, which rarely lets it down. By contrast, a person who does not respond to God’s revelations despite its powerful effect on hearts and minds is deaf even though he may have ears that hear.

Haka kuma, wanda ba ya ganin alamomin Allah da aka sanya ko'ina a duniyar da ke kewaye da shi, makaho ne, koda kuwa idanunsa suna aiki. Note: the rules say to write the Hausa word for God, never "Allah", so the correct rendering is: Haka kuma, wanda ba ya ganin alamomin Ubangiji da aka sanya ko'ina a duniyar da ke kewaye da shi, makaho ne, koda kuwa idanunsa suna aiki.

Sūrah ta kuma bayyana yadda kāfirai ke ci gaba da tafarkinsu, bayan da ta riga ta bayyana makomar irin wannan kafirci mai ɗorewa.

The sūrah then describes how the unbelievers persist in their ways, after having explained the fate of such persistent unbelief:

Mun riga mun sanya wa mutane a cikin wannan Alƙur'ani kowane irin misali. Amma idan ka kawo musu wata alama, kafirai za su ce: "Ba komai ba ne face kuna yin ƙarya." Haka Allah ke rufe zukatan waɗanda ba sa son sanin gaskiya. Note: the rule above says to write "God" rather than "Allah", so the translation should read: Mun riga mun sanya wa mutane a cikin wannan Alƙur'ani kowane irin misali. Amma idan ka kawo musu wata alama, kafirai za su ce: "Ba komai ba ne face kuna yin ƙarya." Haka Allah ke rufe zukatan waɗanda ba sa son sanin gaskiya.

We have set for people in this Qur’ān all sorts of illustrations. Yet if you present them with any sign, the unbelievers will say: you are but making false claims.’ Thus does God seal the hearts of those who do not want to know [the truth]. (Verses 58-59)

Between this sūrah and the events it recalls there is a wide gap in time and place, yet as one listens to it, it sounds as though it were very near; indeed, both time and place seem to have been rolled back. People are once again reminded of what the Qur’ān provides by way of illustrations, modes of address, fine touches meant to alert minds and hearts, and inspiring images. They listen to it as it addresses every mind and heart in every social environment and speaks to the human soul in all its moods. Yet they continue to deny every sign. Nor do they stop at this, but rather insult those endowed with true knowledge, describing them as making false assertions: “Yet if you present them with any sign, the unbelievers will say:

There is a wide gap here in time and place, but it sounds in the sūrah as if it is ever so near; indeed both time and place have been rolled back. People are again reminded of what the Qur’ān provides by way of illustrations, modes of address, fine touches meant to alert minds and hearts, and inspiring images. They listen to it as it addresses every mind and heart in every social environment and speaks to the human soul in all its moods. Yet they continue to deny every sign. Nor do they stop at this, but rather insult those endowed with true knowledge describing them as making false assertions: “Yet if you present them with any sign, the unbelievers will say:

...kana yin ƙarya kawai.” (Aya ta 58) Sūrah ɗin ta yi sharhi a kan kafircinsu, tana cewa: “Ta haka Allah yake rufe zukatan waɗanda ba sa son sanin gaskiya.” (Aya ta 59) Ta wannan hanya kuma saboda wannan dalili ne Allah yake rufe zukatansu. Lallai su makafi ne, ba sa iya ganin alamu na Allah, masu girman kai a kafircinsu, ba sa son yin tunani. Saboda haka, sun cancanci Allah ya rufe ganinsu da zukatansu.