10.5 Muhtasari: Mahakama katika Uislamu
10.5 Summary Judiciary in Islam
Kuishi kwa hofu ya mara kwa mara ya kushambuliwa au kuibiwa bila shaka ni hali isiyokubalika. Mawazo na fikra zinazoenea katika jamii inayotuzunguka huathiri jinsi watu wanavyotenda, na katika jamii hii watu wanahamasishwa kila mara kuongeza mali zao na kuwa matajiri. Lakini, pale hili linapounganishwa na dhana ya uhuru, hutengenezwa mchanganyiko hatari. Watu basi hawajiwekei mipaka yoyote juu ya jinsi ya kufikia malengo haya, na uhalifu huwa njia rahisi ya kuyatimiza.
To live in constant fear of being attacked or robbed is surely an unacceptable state of affairs. The thoughts and ideas that are prevalent in the society around us affect the way people behave and in this society people are constantly motivated to increase their wealth and become prosperous. But, when this is combined with the notion of freedom, a dangerous cocktail is made. People then put no limits for themselves on how to achieve these aims, and crime is an easy way to fulfil them.
Hali hii imefikia kiwango ambacho si watu wachache waovu pekee wanaowinda wasio na hatia kwa njia hii. Uhalifu katika nchi za Magharibi unaongezeka bila kudhibitiwa. Wizi wa kuvunja nyumba, unyang'anyi wa kutumia nguvu, wizi mdogo, ubakaji na udanganyifu ni hatari ambazo zimechukuliwa kama jambo la kawaida. Inaonekana kwamba hisia za jamii nzima ni kwamba "ukiweza kutoroka nayo, fanya." Hili ni kubwa zaidi miongoni mwa matajiri na wenye madaraka, ambao hutumia mamlaka yao bila huruma dhidi ya maskini na wanyonge. Kwa hiyo, watu wanahisi kwamba karibu hakuna tena anayeaminika.
This has come to the extent that it is not only a few evil people who resort to preying on the innocent in this way. Crime in the West is escalating uncontrollably. Burglary, mugging, theft, rape and cheating are all dangers which are taken for granted. It seems that the feeling of the whole society is that ‘if you can get away with it, do it.’ This is even moreso among the rich and the powerful, who use their authority mercilessly over the poor and the weak. And so, people feel that almost no-one is trustworthy anymore.
Hatua zinazochukuliwa kukabiliana na wimbi hili la vifo hazitoshi kabisa. Wahalifu wanadharau matokeo yanayoweza kutokea kutokana na matendo yao, na wengi hutoka gerezani baada ya vifungo vifupi na kurudia uhalifu tena. Waathirika wanahisi kwamba kupata haki kupitia mfumo wa sheria wa sasa ni jambo lisilowezekana kabisa.
The measures that are taken to counteract this deadly tide are wholly inadequate. Criminals mock at the possible consequences of their actions, and many come out of short prison sentences to offend again. Victims feel that to get justice from the current legal system is virtually hopeless.
Yote haya yanatokea bila shaka kutokana na mfumo wa mahakama ulioundwa na binadamu, na jamii inayotawaliwa na matakwa na tamaa za watu.
All this inevitably results from a judicial system that is man-made and a society which is governed by people’s whims and desires.
Katika Uislamu, watu wana mwelekeo wa asili wa kuepuka uhalifu, kwa sababu imani yao na kumcha Mwenyezi Mungu (SWT) pamoja na kuogopa adhabu yake huwazuia kuufanya. Vilevile, mtazamo wa jamii kuhusu uhalifu ni wa kuukataa kabisa. Marafiki na familia kamwe hawatafurahishwa wala kuvutiwa na utajiri unaopatikana kwa njia zenye shaka. Aidha, Mfumo wa Kiuchumi utahakikisha kwamba watu hawalazimishwi kutumia uhalifu kama njia ya kujikimu. Mambo haya yatazuia kiotomatiki viwango vya uhalifu katika Dola ya Kiislamu.
In Islam, individuals are naturally inclined away from crime, because their belief and fear of Allah’s (swt) punishment prevent them from committing it. As well, the attitude in society towards crime is one of total rejection. Friends and families will never be pleased or impressed by wealth that is gained in dubious ways. As well, the Economic System will ensure that people are not forced to resort to crime as a means of survival. These factors will automatically check the levels of crime in an Islamic State.
Kama njia ya mwisho, Dola ya Kiislamu ina mfumo wa kimahakama ulio kamili unaofanya kazi kama kizuizi kwa wahalifu, na kuwarekebisha wale waliopotoka. Adhabu kali kwa wale wanaothibitika kuwa na hatia ya uhalifu ni hatua zenye ufanisi dhidi yake. Baada ya yote, ukimwona mtu akitembea huku ana mkono mmoja tu kwa sababu alikuwa mwizi, ungejisikiaje?
As the last resort, the Islamic State has a comprehensive judicial system which acts as a deterrent to criminals, and to reform those who have gone astray. Harsh punishments for those who are proven to be guilty of crimes are effective measures against it. After all, if you see someone walking around with only one hand because he had been a thief, how would you feel?
Hata hivyo, utaona kwamba lengo la Haki katika Uislamu si kuwaadhibu watu kwa kiwango cha juu iwezekanavyo, bali ni kuhakikisha haki na usalama wa watu. Dola ya Kiislamu ilifanikiwa kufanya hivyo kwa zaidi ya miaka 1300, na ilikuwa mara chache sana kulazimika kumwadhibu mtu yeyote.
Even so, you will see that the aim of Justice in Islam is not to punish the people as much as possible, rather it is to guarantee the rights and the security of the people. The Islamic State successfully did this for over 1300 years, only rarely having to resort to punishing anyone.