6.1 Ukweli kuhusu Mfumo wa Hukumu
6.1 Facts about the Ruling System
Mfumo wa Utawala wa Kiislamu umejengwa juu ya mfumo wa kipekee wa umoja ulioamriwa na Allah (SWT). Si mfumo wa kishirikisho, wa kidemokrasia, wa kijamhuri, wa kifalme wala wa kidikteta hata kidogo. Hauna mfanano wowote na itikadi yoyote iliyobuniwa na binadamu.
The Islamic Ruling System is based upon a unique system of unity ordained by Allah (swt). It is not a federal, democratic, republican, monarchical or dictatorial system at all. It has no similarity to any man-made ideology.
Dola ya Kiislamu inawachukulia watu walio chini ya mamlaka yake kuwa raia, iwe ni Waislamu au wasio Waislamu. Wote wana haki zao zilizohakikishwa na Uislamu. Hakuna dhana ya 'wachache wa kikabila' kwa kuwa watu hawabaguliwi hata kidogo kwa sababu ya rangi yao, kabila lao au dini yao.
The Islamic State considers people under its authority as citizens, whether they are Muslims or non-Muslims. All have their rights guaranteed by Islam. There is no concept of ‘ethnic minority’ as people are not discriminated against at all due to their colour, race or religion.
Al-Qurafi na Ibn Hazm (wanazuoni mashuhuri wa Uislamu) wameripoti:
Al-Qurafi and Ibn Hazm (prominent scholars of Islam) reported:
"Kwamba ingekuwa wajibu wetu kuwalinda watu wa dhimma (raia wasio Waislamu) iwapo wavamizi wangeshambulia ardhi yetu, na tunapaswa kufa tukiwalinda iwapo itahitajika. Kupuuza wajibu kama huo kungekuwa ukiukaji wa haki za dhimma."
“That it would be our duty to protect the people of dhimma (non- Muslim citizens) if aggressors attacked our land, and we should die protecting them if necessary. Any neglect of such a duty would be a breach of the rights of the dhimma.”.
Jeshi la kudumu la Khilafa ya 'Uthmani wakati fulani lilikuwa na askari milioni 60. Fikra ya askari wa Kiislamu (mujahid) inamfanya asishindwe. Akiuawa vitani anapata shahada, na akishinda, jeshi lake linakuwa limeshinda. Ndiyo maana katika vita vya Mu'tah, Waislamu 3000 walikuwa tayari kukabiliana na askari 200,000 wa Kirumi waliokuwa na silaha bora zaidi. Kauli ya vita ya Waislamu ilikuwa: "Ee Mwenyezi Mungu! Ninakujia!"
The standing army of the ‘Uthmani Khilafah was at one stage 60 million strong. The mentality of the Muslim soldier (mujahid) makes him undefeatable. If he is killed in battle he achieves martyrdom, and if he wins, his army is victorious. This is why in the battle of Mu‘tah, 3000 Muslims were prepared to face 200,000 better equipped Roman soldiers. The battle cry of the Muslims was, “Oh Allah! I am coming to you!”.
Wakati Wanajeshi wa Msalaba walipoishambulia al-Sham (Syria), walipigwa vita na jeshi la Dola ya Kiislamu, ambapo asilimia 80 ya Wakristo wa nchi hiyo walikuwa wakipigana pamoja na raia wenzao Waislamu.
When the Crusaders attacked al-Sham (Syria), they were fought by the army of the Islamic State, where 80% of the country’s Christians were fighting along side their Muslim fellow citizens.
Uislamu unaweka nidhamu kwa wanajeshi hata wakati wa vita. Lengo la Jihadi si kuua watu wala kuwalazimisha kubadilisha imani yao. Wala haikusudii kuwadhalilisha, kuwanyonya, kupora rasilimali au kuwaadhibu adui. Badala yake, ni njia ya kuondoa vizuizi vya kimwili vinavyowazuia watu kufikia wito wa Uislamu. Vizuizi hivyo ni pamoja na viongozi wanaonyonya na wafisadi, pamoja na wachache wenye maslahi binafsi, na wafuasi wao.
Islam imposes disciplines upon soldiers even in times of war. The purpose of Jihad is not to kill people or force them to change their belief. Nor does it aim to humiliate, exploit, plunder resources or punish the enemy. Rather it is a means of removing the physical barriers which prevent the people from having access to the call of Islam. These barriers include exploitative and corrupt leaders as well as the privileged few who have vested interests, and their supporters.
Hakuna mipaka ndani ya Dola ya Kiislamu. Watu wote, bila kujali rangi wala ubaguzi wa kikabila, wameunganishwa chini ya bendera ya kiongozi mmoja.
There are no borders within the Islamic State. All people regardless of race or colour are united under the banner of one leader.
Khilafah si dola ya kikoloni kama walivyokuwa wakoloni wa Uingereza na Ufaransa wa zamani waliokuwa wakiiba utajiri wa mataifa mengine na kuupeleka katika miji yao mikuu. Katika maeneo yote yaliyokaliwa na wasiokuwa Waislamu, wakazi wanawalaani wakaliaji wao, wakati katika maeneo yaliyofunguliwa kwa Uislamu, watu bado wanatamani kurejea kwake, na wako tayari hata kufa ili kulitimiza hilo.
The Khilafah is not an empire, like the old British or French colonialists who stole the wealth of other nations and returned them to their capitals. In all the places that were occupied by non-Muslims, the inhabitants curse their occupiers, while in areas that were opened to Islam, the people still long for its return, and are prepared even to die to achieve it.
Kazi ya kusimamia mambo ya Ummah imewekewa mipaka kwa Khalifa (mkuu wa dola) na wale anaowakabidhi kumsaidia. Hakuna kundi, mtu binafsi wala taasisi nyingine inayoweza kujihusisha na jambo hili.
The job of looking after the affairs of the Ummah is restricted to the Khaleefah (head of state) and those he delegates to assist him. No other group, individual or organisation can involve themselves in this issue.
Wasio Waislamu hawawezi kudhulumiwa wala kubaguliwa kwa dhuluma. Wala maeneo yao ya ibada (kwa mfano Makanisa, Masinagogi n.k.) hayawezi kushambuliwa au kuharibiwa. Ndiyo maana tunaona maeneo katika ulimwengu wa Kiislamu yenye Makanisa na mahekalu yaliyodumu kwa karne nyingi chini ya utawala wa Kiislamu, kama yale yanayoonekana huko Misri, Iraq, Balkan n.k.
Non-Muslims cannot be mistreated or unjustly discriminated against. Nor can their places of worship (e.g. Churches, Synagogues etc.) be attacked or destroyed. This is why we see areas in the Muslim world with Churches and temples that have lasted for centuries under Islamic rule, such as those seen in Egypt, Iraq, the Balkans etc.
Hakuna makundi, mashirika wala vyama vya upinzani vinavyotokana na kanuni zisizo za Kiislamu vinavyoweza kuwepo au kuenezwa ndani ya Dola ya Kiislamu. Hata hivyo, vile vinavyotokana na Uislamu havihitaji ruhusa ili kuwepo, na vinaweza kuwa vingi kwa idadi.
No groups, organisations or opposition parties based on non-Islamic principles can exist or be propagated in the Islamic State. However, those based on Islam need no permission to exist, and can be many in number.
Kituo cha kufanya maamuzi, mikakati na mashauriano kinapatikana katika mji mkuu wa Khilafah. Katika historia yote ya Uislamu kumekuwepo miji mikuu mitano mikuu.
The centre of decision making, strategy and consultation is done in the capital city of the Khilafah. Throughout the history of Islam there have been five main capitals :
Muhammad ﷺ - Madinah.
Muhammad (saw) - Madinah.
‘Ali (ra) - Kufah.
‘Ali (ra) - Kufah.
Ummayads - Damascus.
Ummayads - Damascus.
Abbasi - Baghdad.
Abbasids - Baghdad.
Waothmani – Istanbul.
‘Uthmanis – Istanbul.
Uongozi wa Khilafah ulibadilika kutoka mahali hadi mahali, na ulishikiliwa na Waislamu wa asili tofauti za kikabila katika historia yote ya Kiislamu. Hii ni ushahidi kwamba Khilafah si chombo cha kikoloni, kinachoiba mali ya mataifa mengine ili kuirudisha katika mji wake mkuu. Lengo lake ni kufikisha dini ya Allah (SWT) kwa wanadamu wote.
The leadership of the Khilafah changed from place to place and was held by Muslims of different racial origins throughout Islamic history. This bears testimony to the fact that the Khilafah is not an imperialistic entity, which steals wealth from other nations to return it to its capital. Its purpose is to convey the deen of Allah (swt) to all mankind.
Uongozi na utawala katika Dola ya Kiislamu umejikita katikati, ilhali usimamizi wa kiutendaji umegawanywa. Dola inajumuisha wilaya nyingi (wilayaat) zinazoongozwa na magavana.
Leadership and ruling in an Islamic State is centralised, whereas administration is decentralised. The State is made up of a number of wilayaat (provinces) headed by governors.
Maafisa wakuu wa Dola huteuliwa na Khalifa. Kila uamuzi lazima utoke kwa mkuu wa Dola. Hili linaondoa rushwa na mkanganyiko wowote ndani ya mfumo wa utawala. Khalifa ndiye mwenye dhamana ya mwisho.
The main officials of the State are appointed by the Khaleefah. Every decision must emanate from the head of State. This negates any corruption and confusion within the ruling system. The Khaleefah is ultimately responsible.
Njia ya kumteua Khalifa ni kupitia mchakato wa bay‘ah (mkataba kati ya watu na mtawala), ambapo watu wanapaswa kumtii mtawala mradi tu anatekeleza Uislamu.
The method of appointing a Khaleefah is through the process of bay‘ah (contract between the people and ruler), where the people are to obey the ruler as long as he implements Islam.
Njia ya kumteua Khalifa ni kupitia mchakato wa bay‘ah (mkataba kati ya watu na mtawala), ambapo watu wanapaswa kumtii mtawala mradi tu anatekeleza Uislamu.
The method of appointing a Khaleefah is through the process of bay‘ah (contract between the people and ruler), where the people are to obey the ruler as long as he implements Islam.
Bai'ah inaweza kufungwa baada ya mojawapo ya yafuatayo:
The bay‘ah may be contracted after either :
- kura ya jumla ya Waislamu, au.
- a general vote of the Muslims, or.
- kwa uteuzi kutoka kwa wawakilishi wa Ummah na watu wenye ushawishi.
- by appointment from the representatives of the Ummah and influential people.
Abu Hurayrah (ra) amesimulia kwamba Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alisema: "Hakika Imamu ni ngao tu ambayo watu hupigana nyuma yake na ambayo kwayo hujilinda." (Muslim).
Abu Hurayrah (ra) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Behold, the Imam is but a shield from behind which the people fight and by which they protect themselves.” (Muslim).
Khalifa ‘Umar ibn ‘Abdul Aziz alionekana na mkewe akilia baada ya swala zake; alipoulizwa kama kuna jambo lililotokea likamsababishia huzuni, alijibu:
Khaleefah ‘Umar ibn ‘Abdul Aziz was once found by his wife weeping after his prayers; asked if anything had happened to cause him grief, he replied:
"Ee Fatimah, nimefanywa kuwa mtawala juu ya Waislamu na wageni, nami nilikuwa nikiwafikiria maskini wanaoteseka kwa njaa, wagonjwa wasiokuwa na kitu, walio uchi wanaoteseka kwa shida, waliodhulumiwa wanaopigwa, mgeni aliyefungwa gerezani, mzee mwenye heshima, mwenye familia kubwa na mali kidogo, na wale walioko katika nchi za dunia na mikoa ya mbali. Nilihisi kwamba Mola wangu atanidai hesabu yao mikononi mwangu siku ya kufufuliwa, nikaogopa kwamba hakuna utetezi utakaonifaa, nikalia."
“O Fatimah, I have been made the ruler over the Muslims and the strangers and I was thinking of the poor that are starving, and the sick that are destitute, and the naked that are in distress, and the oppressed that are stricken, and the stranger that is in prison, and the venerable elder, and he that has a large family and small means, and those of them in the countries of the earth and the distant provinces, and I felt that my Lord would ask an account of them at my hands on the day of resurrection, and I feared that no defence would avail me and I wept.”.
Ummah huwachagua wawakilishi miongoni mwake wenyewe kusimama katika Majlis al-Ummah (Baraza la Ummah), ambalo huchunguza Khalifa katika utekelezaji wake wa Uislamu, na kumshauri juu ya mambo ya Ummah. Kuna aina mbili za Majlis al-Ummah - moja ni kuu (ya kati) na nyingine ni ya mkoa (ya jimbo).
The Ummah elects representatives from among itself to stand on the Majlis al-Ummah (Council of the Ummah), which scrutinises the Khaleefah in his implementation of Islam, and advises him on the affairs of the Ummah. There are two types of Majlis al-Ummah - one is central and the other is provincial.
Hakuna nchi yoyote iliyopo duniani leo inayotekeleza mfumo wa serikali ulioamriwa na Uislamu. Badala yake, nchi zote za Kiislamu duniani zinatawaliwa kwa sheria za kufuru (zisizo za Kiislamu), ingawa idadi kubwa ya wakazi wao ni Waislamu.
There is no country existing in the world today that implements the system of government ordered by Islam. Rather, all the Muslim countries in the world are ruled by laws of kufr (non-Islam) even though the majority of their populations are Muslims.