9.3.3 Taasisi za Elimu za Waislamu
9.3.3 The Muslims’ Educational Institutions
(1) Al-Katatib: Ambayo ni wingi wa kuttab, ni mahali ambapo kufundishwa kuandika na kuhesabu kwa Qur’ani kunafundishwa. Katatib hizi zilikuwepo katika utawala wote wa Dola ya Kiislamu, katika miji na vijiji.
(1) Al-Katatib: Which is the plural of kuttab, is the place where the Qur’an writing and calculating are taught. These katatib were present throughout the reign of the Islamic State in the cities and villages.
(2) Misikiti: Wanazuoni na wataalamu wa hadithi walikuwa wakifanya halaqa za masomo katika misikiti mikubwa ya kati, ambako walikuwa wakikaa na kufundisha au kujadiliana masuala ya fiqh, tafsiri ya Qur'an, lugha na hadithi; halaqa hizi zilikuwa zikihudhuriwa na wanafunzi wao.
(2) The Mosques: The scholars and the hadith experts used to hold study circles in the majestic central mosques, where they used to sit and teach or debate matters of fiqh, tafseer, language and hadith; these used to be attended by their pupils.
(3) Vituo vya Qur'an: Wa kwanza kuanzisha kituo tofauti cha kufundisha Qur'an alikuwa mpokeaji Rasha ibn Nathif al-Dimashqi, na hilo lilikuwa Damascus katika mwaka 400 Hijria.
(3) The Qur’an centres: The first to establish a separate centre for the teaching of Qur’an was the receptor Rasha ibn Nathif al-Dimashqi, and that was in Damascus in the year 400 Hijri.
(4) Vituo vya Hadith: Mtu wa kwanza kuanzisha kituo kilichobobea katika kufundisha hadith alikuwa al-Malik al-Adil Nureddine Mahmud al-Zanki, huko Damascus pia.
(4) The Hadith centres: The first to establish a centre specialising in the teaching of hadith was al-Malik al-Adil Nureddine Mahmud al- Zanki, in Damascus as well.
(5) Shule: Zilianzishwa katika karne ya tano ya Hijra huko Damascus; kulikuwa na shule kwa kila somo, kama shule ya uhandisi wa kiraia huko Damascus na shule ya tiba.
(5) The Schools: These were established in the fifth century of Hijrah in Damascus; there was a school for every subject such as the school of civil engineering in Damascus and the school of medicine.
(6) Vyuo Vikuu: Hivi vilianzishwa katikati ya karne ya tano Hijria. Al-Hakam ibn Abdul Rahman alianzisha chuo kikuu cha Cordoba ambacho kilikuwa kimojawapo cha vituo maarufu zaidi vya elimu wakati huo. Vyuo vikuu vingine vilianzishwa katika maeneo mengi, kama vile chuo kikuu cha Mustansiriyya huko Baghdad. Wanafunzi kutoka kote Ulaya walitafuta kupata nafasi katika taasisi za aina hii.
(6) The Universities: These were established in the middle of the fifth century Hijri. Al-Hakam ibn Abdul Rahman established the university of Cordoba which was one of the most famous centres of education at the time. Other universities were established in many places such as the Mustansiryya university in Baghdad. Students from all over Europe sought admission to these types of institutions.
Vyuo hivi vilielimisha wanazuoni wengi ambao walichangia kwa kiasi kikubwa katika kile ulimwengu wa sayansi umefikia leo kwa upande wa uvumbuzi, kama vile Al-Khwarizmi, Ibn al-Haytham, Ibn Sina, Jabir ibn Hayyan, Al-Razi na wengineo.
These universities educated many scholars who played an influential part in what the world of science has reached today in terms of inventions, such as Al-Khwarizmi, Ibn al-Haytham, Ibn Sina, Jabir ibn Hayyan, Al-Razi and others.