Hamu ya kupata usalama wa kiuchumi ni jambo la msingi katika asili ya binadamu. Katika jamii, ugawaji wa rasilimali na bidhaa unadhibitiwa na mamlaka tawala, ambayo huendesha mambo kulingana na itikadi mahususi ambayo watawala wamechagua kwa kusudi hilo - katika kesi yetu, Ubepari. Kwa hiyo, watu wamezuiliwa na kudhibitiwa na mifumo inayowatawala, na lazima watimize mahitaji yao ya kiuchumi ndani ya mfumo wa mifumo hii.

The desire for economic security is a fundamental aspect of human nature. In society, the distribution of resources and commodities is regulated by the governing authority, which runs affairs according to the particular ideology that the rulers have chosen for the purpose - in our case, Capitalism. Accordingly, the people are restricted and controlled by the systems which prevail over them, and must fulfil their economic needs within the framework of these systems.

Suala la makazi yetu ni jambo muhimu katika mfumo wa kiuchumi tunaoishi chini yake. Sote tunahitaji nyumba ya kutukinga na hali ya hewa, na kuwa msingi wa shughuli zetu za kila siku. Lakini, ukifikiri kwa muda kuhusu hali yako mwenyewe ukiishi Magharibi, makazi yanaleta matatizo mengi....

The issue of our housing is an important aspect of the economic system that we are subject to. We all need a house to shelter from the elements, and as a base for our everyday activities. But, if you think for a moment about your own situation living in the West, housing throws up many problems....

Bei ya malazi hata ya kawaida ni kubwa mno. Ukichukua nyumba inayofaa familia ya kawaida (kama yako wewe mwenyewe), gharama ya kuinunua ingeanzia takriban pauni 50,000 hadi 100,000 au zaidi, kutegemea mahali ilipo. Kiasi hiki, bila shaka, kinapita mbali gharama halisi ya vifaa na kazi inayohitajika kuijenga. Kwa kweli, mara nyingi huongezwa kwa njia ya bandia ili kuunda chanzo cha biashara kwa benki na vyama vya ujenzi (building societies), kutoka kwa watu wanaolazimika kushughulika nazo ili kununua nyumba.

The price of even modest accommodation is staggering. If you take a house suitable for an average family (like your own), the cost of buying it would range from about £50,000 to £100,000 or more, depending on its location. This figure of course, goes far beyond the actual cost of the materials and labour required to build it. In fact, it is usually artificially inflated to create a source of business for banks and building societies from people who have to deal with them in order to buy a house.

Fikiria juu yako mwenyewe. Lazima uwatunzie familia yako - chakula, mavazi, bili, elimu n.k. Baada ya mahitaji haya yote kutimizwa, je, mapato yako yanakuwezesha kumudu kununua nyumba? Karibu hakika hapana! Basi, ni chaguzi zipi zilizopo kwako?

Consider yourself. You have to provide for your family - food, clothing, bills, education etc....After all these are taken care of, does your income put you in a position to afford to buy a house? Almost certainly not! So what are the options available to you?

Hii itakupa makazi, lakini je, ungeridhika kuishi pamoja na familia yako katika nyumba ya kupanga? Watu wengi hawangeridhika. Baada ya yote, hii haitoi usalama kwa maisha yako ya baadaye - huenda ukalazimika kuhama kutoka mahali hadi mahali, kulingana na matakwa ya mwenye nyumba. Hili linaathiri kazi yako, elimu ya watoto wako, na mambo mengine kama hayo. Mwenye nyumba anaweza kuamua kupandisha kodi kadiri anavyopenda.

This will give you housing, but would you feel satisfied with living with your family in rented accommodation? Most people would not. After all this gives no security for your future - you may have to move from place to place, depending on the whims of a landlord. This affects your job, your children’s education and so on. The landlord may choose to raise the rent as he pleases.

Pia, sehemu kubwa ya mapato yako ingeenda kwenye kitu ambacho huna umiliki wa kudumu nacho. Na kwa kuwa wewe si mmiliki halisi wa mahali hapo, hutakuwa na sababu ya kutumia fedha kukipamba na kukiweka kwa namna unavyopenda - ili kubadilisha nyumba kuwa makazi. Kwa ujumla, kupanga nyumba si jambo la kuridhisha - huwezi kamwe kuona nyumba ya kupanga kama nyumba yako halisi.

As well, a large proportion of your income would go towards something for which you have no permanent possession. And since you do not actually own the place, you will have no incentive to spend on it to furnish and decorate it as you like - to turn the house into a home. In all, renting is unsatisfactory - you can never really see a rented home as your own home.

Chaguo hili linaonekana kuwa njia pekee inayowezekana. Kwa kweli, huu ndio mfumo ambao watu wengi katika hali yako hutumia. Kinadharia, wewe unamiliki nyumba unayoishi, ukiilipia polepole kadiri mapato yako yanavyoruhusu, na inaonekana kutatua matatizo mengi ya kupanga nyumba.

This option seems to be the only feasible alternative. In fact this is the system that most people use in your predicament. In theory, you own the house you live in, paying for it slowly as your income allows, and it appears to solve many of the problems with renting.

Kwa bahati mbaya, uhalisia wa rehani hauendani na nadharia yake. Imejaa matatizo hata zaidi kuliko kupanga kukodi.

Unfortunately, the reality of mortgage does not match its theory. It is riddled with even more problems than renting.

1. Kwa rehani, hauimiliki kweli nyumba yako. Lazima utoe malipo ya kila mwezi kwa wakati, na ukikosa hata moja, unaweza kunyang'anywa nyumba yako. Hili linatumika iwe ni malipo yako ya kwanza, au ya mwisho! 2. Malipo yako hayachangii sana thamani ya nyumba yako. Badala yake, unalipa sehemu kubwa kwa ajili ya riba ya mkopo uliouchukua.

1. With a mortgage, you don’t really own your house. You have to give the regular monthly payments on time, and if you miss even one, you can be subject to repossession of your home. This is whether it is your initial payment, or your last! 2. Your payments do not mainly contribute to the value of your house. Rather you are paying a large proportion towards the interest on the loan you have taken.

3. Malipo yako yako chini ya matakwa ya kampuni ya rehani - wanaweza kuongeza au kupunguza viwango vya riba wanavyotaka, bila majadiliano yoyote nawe.

3. The payments are subject to the whims of the mortgage company - they can increase or decrease the rates of interest at will, without any discussion with you.

4. Watu wengi hawaishi hadi kulipa rehani yao kikamilifu na hivyo kumiliki nyumba zao kwa kweli. Kwa hiyo, hawana chochote cha kuwaachia watoto wao.

4. Most people never live to actually pay off their mortgage completely and thus really own their house. Thus, they never have anything to pass on to their children.

5. Bei za nyumba hubadilika-badilika kwa kiwango kikubwa hivi kwamba thamani ya nyumba inaweza kushuka ndani ya miaka michache hadi kufikia hata nusu ya thamani uliyonunulia! Kwa hiyo unaweza kuwa unalipa deni ambalo usingeweza kulirejesha hata kama ungeuza nyumba yako! Hata hivyo, muhimu zaidi kuliko sababu hizi zote ni maoni ya Uislamu kuhusu rehani:

5. House prices are subject to such fluctuation that the value of the house could drop within a matter of years to even as much as half of the value you bought it for! So you may be paying a debt which you could not recover even if you sold your house! However, more important than any of these reasons, is Islam’s opinion on mortgage:

Kupata rehani (mikopo ya nyumba) inayotegemea riba ni jambo lililo wazi na la hakika kuwa haramu kwa Waislamu. Sababu kuu ni kwamba: 1) Muislamu anapaswa kukopa fedha kwa riba. Allah (SWT) na Mtume wake ﷺ wamekataza kuchukua na kutoa riba katika fedha. Allah (SWT) anasema katika Qur’an:

Getting a mortgage (based on interest) is definitely and clearly haram (forbidden) to Muslims. The paramount reasons being that, 1) The Muslim has to borrow money on interest. Allah (swt) and His Messenger (saw) have forbidden the taking and giving of interest on money. Allah (swt) says in the Qur’an.

Wale wanaonufaika kwa riba watafufuliwa kama wale ambao wameshikwa na wazimu kwa kuguswa na shetani; hii ni kwa sababu wanasema: "Biashara ni sawa na riba", ilhali Allah ameruhusu biashara na ameharamisha riba. [TMQ 2:275].

“Those who benefit from interest shall be raised like those who have been driven to madness by the touch of the devil; this is because they say: ‘Trade is similar to interest’ while, Allah has permitted trade and forbidden interest.” [TMQ 2:275].

Allah (SWT) pia alisema.

Allah (swt) also said.

“Enyi mlioamini, mcheni Allah na acheni riba iliyobaki ikiwa ninyi ni waumini. Msipofanya hivyo, basi jueni kwamba mnapigana vita na Allah na Mtume Wake. Lakini mkitubu, mtapata mtaji wenu. Msidhulumu wala msidhulumiwe.” [TMQ 2:278-279].

“O believers, fear Allah and give up the interest that remains outstanding if you are believers. If you do not do so, then be sure of being at war with Allah and His Messenger. But if you repent, you can have your capital. Neither should you commit injustice nor should you be subjected to it.” [TMQ 2:278-279].

Jabir alisimulia, "Mtume ﷺ alilaani mwenye kupokea riba na mwenye kulipa riba, anayeiandika na anayeshuhudia, kisha akasema, 'Wote ni sawa.'" (kutoka Muslim, Tirmidhi na Ahmad). Abu Hurayrah alisimulia kwamba Mtume ﷺ alisema, "Riba ina sehemu sabini, na ndogo kabisa kati yake ni sawa na mtu kufanya zinaa na mama yake mwenyewe."

Jabir narrated, “The Prophet (saw) cursed the receiver and the payer of interest, the one who records it and the one who witnesses it and he said, ‘They are all alike’ .” (from Muslim, Tirmidhi and Ahmad). Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet (saw) said, “Riba has seventy segments, the least serious being equivalent to a man committing adultery with his own mother.”

2) Mkataba wa ununuzi hauzingatii sharti la msingi katika Uislamu. Katika Uislamu, ukinunua nyumba, unakuwa mmiliki wa nyumba hiyo. Katika mkataba wa rehani, wewe si mmiliki halisi wa nyumba bali taasisi ya kifedha ndiyo inayoimiliki mpaka umelipa rehani yako yote. Unaweza kufukuzwa ukishindwa kulipa malipo yako ya rehani, na kila kitu kinapotea! Watu maelfu wamepoteza nyumba zao kwa njia hii katika miaka michache iliyopita, na maelfu mengine bila shaka watafuata.

2) The contract of purchase does not satisfy a fundamental condition in Islam. In Islam, if you buy a house, you own the house. In the mortgage agreement, you do not actually own the house but the financial institution owns it until you pay all of your mortgage. You can be kicked out if you fail to keep up with your mortgage payments and all is lost! Thousands of people lost their homes in this way over the past few years, and thousands more will no doubt follow.

Tunaona, basi, kwamba suala hili rahisi la makazi linatuletea matatizo mengi. Hata hivyo, Mfumo wa Kiuchumi wa Dola ya Kiislamu una suluhisho la matatizo haya.

We can see therefore, that this simple issue of housing causes us many dilemmas. However, the Economic System of the Islamic State has solutions to these problems.

Katika Khilafah, ni haki ya kila mtu kuwa na makazi. Mtume ﷺ alisema: "Mwana wa Adam hana haki bora zaidi kuliko kuwa na nyumba ya kuishi, kipande cha nguo cha kusitiri uchi wake, na kipande cha mkate na maji." Kwa hiyo ni wajibu wa Dola kuhakikisha kila mtu ana mahali pa kuishi.

In the Khilafah, it is the right of every individual to have shelter. The Prophet (saw) said: “The son of Adam has no better right than that he would have a house wherein he may live and a piece of cloth whereby he may cover his nakedness and a piece of bread and some water.” It is therefore the responsibility of the State to ensure that everybody has accommodation to live in.

Kwa hiyo, ikiwa hauwezi kujipatia makazi au riziki kwa ajili yako mwenyewe au familia yako, Dola ya Kiislamu itakupatia haya bure, kwa muda wote utakaokuwa katika hali hiyo.

So, if you are unable to provide accommodation or sustenance for yourself or your family, the Islamic State will provide these for you free of charge, for as long as you remain in that position.

Kwa sababu hii, Dola ingebuni sera ya makusudi ili kuhakikisha kwamba makazi yenye bei nafuu yanapatikana kupitia ujenzi mkubwa wa nyumba, kwa upande wa Dola na pia kwa upande wa watu binafsi ambao wanaweza kutaka kujenga kwa ajili ya faida. Dola inatimiza wajibu huu kwa kutekeleza mipango inayozingatia kikamilifu hali ya kila mtu binafsi, mahitaji yake na uwezo wake wakati wa kuamua aina ya msaada wa kumpa raia. Kwa hiyo, ikiwa unataka kununua nyumba, Mfumo wa Uchumi wa Kiislamu unakupa njia mbalimbali za kukusaidia kufanya hivyo. Hizi ni pamoja na:

Because of this, the State would devise a deliberate policy to ensure that affordable accommodation is available through extensive home building both by the State and by private individuals who may want to build for profit. The State achieves this responsibility by the implementation of schemes that take full account of individual circumstances, needs and ability when deciding the type of help to give citizens. Thus, if you want to buy a house, the Islamic Economic System provides you with various mechanisms of helping you to do this. These include:

Zawadi kutoka Serikalini: Khalifah anaweza kukupa ardhi kwa matumizi yako binafsi, ambayo inaweza kujumuisha ujenzi wa nyumba. Kwa njia ya ruzuku hizo, inakuwa rahisi kwako kuwapatia makazi wewe na familia yako. Ruzuku kama hiyo ilitolewa kwa Bilal (ra) na Mtume ﷺ kama mtawala wa Dola ya Kiislamu. Makhalifa waliofuata Mtume ﷺ waliendelea na ruzuku kama hizo. Serikali pia inaweza kutoa msaada wa moja kwa moja wa kifedha kwa maskini na wahitaji kwa madhumuni ya makazi, na kwa hakika ni wajibu kwa Serikali kuwapatia msaada huu.

Gift from the State: The Khaleefah can give land to you for private use which could include home building. By such grants, it makes it easier for you to provide shelter for you and your family. Such a grant was given to Bilal (ra) by the Prophet (saw) as the ruler of the Islamic State. The Khulafa‘a who followed the Prophet (saw) continued with such grants. The State can also give direct financial assistance to the poor and needy for housing purposes, and indeed it is compulsory for the State to provide this for them.