Al-Qadaa’ yana nufin aikata Waajib bayan wucewar lokacin da Shari'a ta ƙayyade mata.
Al-Qadaa’ refers to the undertaking of the Waajib after the passing of its time that has been specified for it by the Shar’a.
Al-qadaa' yana da alaka da wajibi wanda aka takaita (muqayyad) zuwa wani lokaci na musamman, ko lokacin ya kasance muwassa' (mai fadi da sarari) kamar lokacin sallah, ko mudayyaq (babu sarari mai fadi) kamar azumin Ramadan.
The Qadaa’ relates to the Waajib which is restricted (Muqayyad) to a specific time whether that time was Muwassa’ (was extended and had room) like the time for the Salaah or Mudayyaq (no extended room) like the fasting of Ramadhaan.
Ƙadar wajibi wajibi ne ga wanda yake da ikon yin sa. Hakan ya faru ne domin aikata wajibi a lokacinsa yana nufin cika abin da aka wajabta masa, kuma idan lokaci ya wuce ba tare da mutum ya aikata wajibin ba alhali yana da ikon yin sa, to nauyinsa zai ci gaba da kasancewa, kuma wajibi ne ya cika shi ta hanyar ƙada’i. Barin wajibin da ke buƙatar yin ƙada’i yana da nau’i uku.
The Qadaa’ of the Waajib is obligatory upon the one who is capable. That is because the undertaking of the Waajib in its time represents a performance of what is obliged upon him and if the time passes without the person having undertaken the Waajib whilst he was capable of it then his responsibility would remain active and it is obligatory for him to fulfil it through the Qadaa’. The leaving of the Waajib that demands the performance of the Qadaa is of three types:
1 – Abin da mukallaf ya bari da gangan:
1 – That which the Mukallaf leaves deliberately:
Idan mukallaf ya bar aikata Waajib da gangan (‘Amd), kamar Salaah ko Sawm, to ya yi zunubi, kuma Al-Qadaa’ wajibi ne a kansa.
If the Mukallaf leaves the performance of the Waajib intentionally (‘Amd) like the Salaah or Sawm then he is sinful and Al-Qadaa’ is obligatory upon him.
2 – Abin da mukallafi ya bari saboda mantuwa:
2 – That which the Mukallaf left out of forgetfulness:
Idan mukallaf ya bar aikata Waajib saboda mantuwa (Sahw), to, Qadaa’ ya zama wajibi a kansa, amma babu zunubi a kansa. Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce:
If the Mukallaf leaves the performance of the Waajib due to forgetfulness (Sahw), the Qadaa’ becomes obligatory upon him but there is no sin upon him. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: