Dalaalat At-tanbeeh Wa-l-iemaa’ (Nuna Ta Hanyar Faɗakarwa Ko Bayar Da Alama Ko Nuni Zuwa Gare Shi)

Dalaalat At-tanbeeh Wa-l-iemaa’ (Nuna Ta Hanyar Faɗakarwa Ko Bayar Da Alama Ko Nuni Zuwa Gare Shi) - Al-Waadih Fee Usool ul-Fiqh | Quran Course

Shari'un (mai shari'a) ya tsara ko ya umarta da hukuncin yanke hannu, wanda shi ne hukuncin sata, ta hanyar harafin 'Faa'a'. Wannan yana nuna ta hanyar Al-I'maa' (alama/ishara) ba a bayyane ba cewa siffar 'Sariqah' (sata) ita ce 'Illah (dalili) na hukuncin yankewar. Duk da haka, 'Illah ce Qaasirah (dalili mai iyaka), domin ba ta wuce nan ba, kuma ba a yi qiyasi a kanta ba. Maimakon haka, tana wakiltar Sabab (sanadi) kawai na yankewar (watau na hukuncin). Asali game da 'Faa'a' a fannin harshe shi ne an tanadar da ita don Al-'Atf (haɗi), don kafa tsari (At-Tarteeb) tare da sakamako (At-Ta'qeeb) ba tare da jinkiri ba (At-Tarakhiy). Sai dai tsarin rubutun ya sa 'Faa'a' ta kafa 'Illiyah (dalili) ko Sababiyah (dangantakar sanadi), kuma kafa wannan dalili ko dangantakar sanadi ita ce Dalaalat ul-I'maa' da At-Tanbeeh.

The Shaari’ (legislator) has arranged or ordered the Hukm, which is the cutting of the hand, upon theft by the Harf (letter) ‘Faa’a’. That indicates by the way of Al’Iemaa’ (indication/clue) and not explicitly that the Wasf (description of ‘Saraqah’ (theft) is the ‘Illah for the Hukm of the cutting. However, it is (nevertheless) an ‘Illah Qaasirah (deficient reasoning) because it does not extend beyond it and analogy is not made upon it. Rather it only represents the Sabab (cause) for the cutting (i.e. for the Hukm). The Asl (original position) in respect to the ‘Faa’a’ linguistically is that it has been provided for Al-‘Atf (connection) to establish the ordering (At-Tarteeb) along with the consequence (At-Ta’qeeb) without abatement/procrastination (At-Tarakhiy). However, the composition of the text made the ‘Faa’a’ establish the ‘Illiyah (reasoning) or Sababiyah (causality) and its establishing of this reasoning or causality is the Dalaalat ul-Iemaa’ and At-Tanbeeh.

Saboda haka, idan ma'anar dole game da Dalaalat ul-Iqtidaa' (alamar da ake bukata) ana tilasta ta ne ta hanyar 'Aql ko Shari'a, to ma'anar dole game da Dalaalat ul-Iemaa' da At-Tanbeeh kuwa ana tilasta ta ne ta hanyar tanadin harshe.

Consequently, if the necessary meaning in respect to the Dalaalat ul-Iqtidaa’ (dictated indication) is dictated by the ‘Aql or the Shar’a, then the necessary meaning in respect to the Dalaalat ul-Iemaa’ and At-Tanbeeh is dictated by the provision of the language.

Wannan wani misali ne:

Another example:

Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce:

The Messenger of Allah (saw) said:

Dalaalat At-tanbeeh Wa-l-iemaa’ (Nuna Ta Hanyar Faɗakarwa Ko Bayar Da Alama Ko Nuni Zuwa Gare Shi)

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