Na huɗu: Al-mutashaabih
Fourthly: Al-mutashaabih
Ma'anarsa:
Its definition:
Al-Mutashaabih shi ne Lafzi (furucin da aka yi amfani da shi), wanda ma'anar da aka nufa da shi ta ɓoye ko ba a bayyana ta ba. Sigarsa (tsarinsa) ba ta nuna ko ta shiryar da mutum zuwa ga abin da aka nufa da shi ba. Wannan yana nufin babu wata hanya ta fahimtarsa, kuma babu wanda ya san shi sai Allah (SWT).
Al-Mutashaabih is the Lafzh (worded expression), the intended meaning of which is hidden or unclear. Its Seeghah (form) does not indicate or guide to what is intended from it. That means there is no way to comprehend it and that none except Allah (swt) knows it.
Misalan da aka gabatar da wannan sun hada da Huruf Al-Muqatta'ah da ke farkon Suwar, kamar: 'آلم', 'حمعسق' da 'كهيعص'. Su (wato wasu Musulmi) sun kuma gabatar a matsayin misalai na wannan Ayoyin da ke tattauna Siffofi (sifofi), kamar Maganarsa (SWT):
Examples of this that have been presented include the Huroof Al-Muqatta’ah at the beginning of the Suwar like: ’ آلم ‘ , ‘حمعسق ' and .‘كهيعص’ They (i.e. some of the Muslims) have also presented as examples of this the Aayaat that discuss the Siffaat (attributes) like His Qawl (swt):
Mai Rahama, Mai Jinƙai, wanda ya daidaita a kan Al'arshi (Ta-Ha 5).
The Most Merciful [who is] above the Throne established (TaHa 5).
Kuma kamar haka:
And like:
Hannun Allah yana bisa hannayensu (Al-Fath 10).
The hand of Allah is over their hands (Al-Fat’h 10).
Mutashaabih, bisa ga wannan ma'ana, ba ya cikin rukunin ilimin Usul, sai dai yana cikin 'Ilmul-Kalam, domin yana da alaka da Aqidah ba da Ahkamus-Shar'iyyah ba. Ita kuwa 'Ilmu Usulil-Fiqh tana duba bangaren Ahkamus-Shar'iyyah na aiki ba Aqa'id (akidu) ba.
The Mutashaabih, according to this meaning, does not fall into the category of the studies of Usool but rather within the ‘Ilm ul-Kalaam’ because it has a relationship to the Aqeedah and not to the Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah. That is whilst ‘Ilm Usool ul-Fiqh looks into the area of the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah and not the Aqaa’id (beliefs).
Sun yi amfani da wannan magana ta Allah (SWT) don goyon bayan ra'ayin cewa mutum ba zai iya fahimtar ma'anar Mutashaabih ba:
They have used the following statement of Allah (swt) to support the view that man cannot comprehend the meaning of the Mutashaabih:
Kuma babu wanda ya san fassararsa ta gaskiya sai Allah (Aali ‘Imraan 7).
And none knows its [true] interpretation except Allah (Aali ‘Imraan 7).
Malamai masu ilimin Usulul Fiqh na Hanafiyya, a gefe guda, sun ƙara a cikin ma'anar Mutashabih cewa: "Kuma babu wanda ya fahimce shi sai waɗanda suke da zurfi a cikin ilimi (Raasikh)."
The Hanafi Scholars of Usool however added to the definition of the Mutashaabih by saying: “And none comprehend it except those who are firmly grounded (Raasikh) in knowledge”.