Usool ul-Fiqh suna ne na "Ism Murakkab" (suna da aka gina shi aka haɗa shi da sassa biyu). Yana ƙunshe da "Mudaaf" (kalmar da aka ƙara) da "Mudaaf Ilaihi" (kalmar da aka ƙara mata), wato kalma ɗaya da aka haɗa aka ƙara wa wata don ta bada wata ma'ana ta musamman idan aka haɗa su. Mun riga mun bayyana ɓangaren "Fiqh", yanzu kuma za mu bayyana ɓangaren "Usool" don mu isa ga ma'anar "Usool-ul-Fiqh".

Usool ul-Fiqh is an ‘Ism Murakkab’ (A name that is constructed and composed of two parts). It is composed of the ‘Mudaaf’ (added) and the ‘Mudaaf Ilaihi’ (added to) (i.e. one word attached and added to another to give a particular meaning when combined). We have already defined the ‘Fiqh’ part and now we will define the ‘Usool’ part so as to arrive at the definition of ‘Usool-ul-Fiqh’.

Shi ne jam'in 'Asl', kuma yana nufin abin da ake ginawa a kansa, kamar yadda ake gina bango a kan tushe, da kuma kamar yadda ake gina hukunci a kan hujja. Saboda haka, haramcin 'Al-Maitah' (mushen dabba) hukunci ne na Shari'a da aka gina a kan hujjar Shari'a, wato Maganar Allah Ta'ala:

It is the plural of ‘Asl’ and it is that which is built upon like building a wall upon the foundation and like building the Hukm upon the Daleel. So the Tahreem (prohibition) of ‘Al-Maitah’ (carrion) is the Hukm Ash-Shar’iy built upon the Daleel Ash-Shar’iy which is the Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa:

Don da ake cewa "Usool" shine "Usus" (tushe) ko kuma "Qawaa'id" (ka'idoji) da ake gina wani abu a kansu.

So the Usool is ‘Usus’ (foundations) or Qawaa’id (principles) upon which something else is built.

Su ne Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah da Qawaa'id (ƙa'idodi) waɗanda ta hanyarsu ake samun ilimi ('Ilm) na Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah na aiki waɗanda aka ɗauko daga Adillah At-Tafseeliyah (hujjoji masu cikakken bayani).

It is the Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah and the Qawaa’id (principles) through which knowledge (‘Ilm) of the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah taken from the Adillah At-Tafseeliyah (detailed evidences) is arrived at.

Dangane da Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah kuwa, su ne: Al-Qur'ani, Sunnah, Qiyas, Ijma'i, da wasu banda waɗannan.

As for the Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah then these are: The Qur’aan, the Sunnah, Qiyaas, Ijmaa’ and other than these.

Dangane da Qawaa’id (ka'idoji) kuwa, su ne: Ko dai Qawaa’id Kulliyah Shar’iyah (ka'idojin Shari'a na gaba ɗaya) kamar Qaa’idah (ka'ida):

As for the Qawaa’id (principles) then they are: Either Qawaa’id Kulliyah Shar’iyah (Comprehensive Shar’iyah principles) like the Qaa’idah (principle):

Ko Qawaa'id Lughawiyyah (ka'idojin harshe), kamar ka'idar: 'Ba a kauce wa Lafzi (kalma) daga Haqeeqahnsa (ma'anarta ta zahiri) zuwa Majaazi (ma'ana ta alama) sai in akwai Qareenah (alamar dangantaka ko ishara).'

Or Qawaa’id Lughawiyah (linguistic principles) like the Qaa’idah: ‘The Lafzh (wording) is not taken away from its Haqeeqah (literal meaning) to the Majaaz (metaphorical meaning) unless there is a Qareenah (indicative linkage/connotation)’.

Usūl al-Fiqh ya tattauna kan abubuwa huɗu masu zuwa:

Usool ul-Fiqh deals with the following four matters:

Al-Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah:

1) Al-Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah:

Al-Kitaab, As-Sunnah, Al-Qiyaas, Al-Ijmaa’ da wasu kamar su: Al-Istihsaan, Al-Masaalih Al-Mursalah, Al-‘Urf, Shar’u Min Qablinaa, Madh’hab As-Sahaabiy da Istishaab.

Al-Kitaab, As-Sunnah, Al-Qiyaas, Al-Ijmaa’ and others like: Al-Istihsaan, Al-Masaalih Al-Mursalah, Al-‘Urf, Shar’u Min Qablinaa, Madh’hab As-Sahaabiy and Istishaab.

Usūl al-Fiqh tana duba waɗannan Adillah (hujjoji) daga mahangar tabbatar da ingancinsu don a yi amfani da su a matsayin Hujjah (dalili/shaida).

Usool ul-Fiqh looks at these Adillah (evidences) from the perspective of affirming their validity to be used as a Hujjah (proof/evidence)

da matsayinsu na hujja ko darajarsu a cikin tsarin istidlali.

and their evidential grade or level within the process of deduction.

2) Al-Hukm Ash-Shar'iy da abubuwan da ke da alaka da shi. Wannan ya hada da: Ma'anar Hukm, Aqsaam Al-Hukm (nau'o'i/rarrabuwa), Maqaasid Al-Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah, da Arkaan (ginshikai) na Hukm, wadanda sune: Al-Haakim (Mai yanke hukunci), Al-Mahkoom 'Alaihi (Wanda ake yanke wa hukunci a kansa) da Al-Mahkoom Bihi (Abin da ake yanke hukunci da shi).

2) Al-Hukm Ash-Shar’iy and what is related to it. This comprises of: The meaning of the Hukm, Aqsaam Al-Hukm (types/categories), Maqaasid Al-Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah, Arkaan (pillars) of the Hukm and these are: Al-Haakim (The judge), Al-Mahkoom ‘Alaihi (Judged upon) and Al-Mahkoom Bihi (Judged with).

3) Dalaalaat Al-Alfaazh (ma'anonin kalmomi da abin da suke nunawa). Wannan ya ƙunshi: - Dalaalaat Al-Alfaazh (alamomin ma'anar kalmomi) na Kitaab da Sunnah ta fuskar matsayin bayyanarsu da kuma ta fuskar abin da ba a bayyane yake ba (ba shi da fili ko cikakken bayyana ba).

3) Dalaalaat Al-Alfaazh (the implications, import of the worded expressions). This comprises of: - Dalaalaat Al-Alfaazh (indications of worded expressions) of the Kitaab and the Sunnah in terms of their level of clarity and in terms of that which is not apparent (obvious or completely clear).

Dalalat ul-Alfaazh dangane da ma'anoni kamar Dalaalat ul-'Ibaarah, Dalaalat ul-Ishaarah da Al-Mafhoom Al-Mukhaalafah.

- Dalalat ul-Alfaazh in respect to the meanings like the Dalaalat ul- ‘Ibaarah, Dalaalat ul-Ishaarah and Al Mafhoom Al-Mukhaalafah.