Daleel na Bakwai
The Seventh Daleel
Al-‘urf (al‘ada)
Al-‘urf (custom)
Ma'anarsa (At-Ta'reef):
Its definition (At-Ta’reef):
Al-‘Urf a harshen larabci yana nufin: Da dammah a kan ‘Ayn, shi ne akasin An-Nukr (ƙin amincewa), kuma ya zo da ma'anar wuri mai tsayi, wanda ake cewa ‘Urf ul-Jabal (wuri mai tsayi ko ɗaga na dutse), haka kuma naman kan zakara ana kiransa ‘Urf saboda tsayin matsayinsa idan aka kwatanta da jikinsa.
Al-‘Urf linguistically means: With a Dammah on the ‘Ayn it is the opposite of An-Nukr (denial) and it has also come with the meaning of the elevated place where it is said ‘‘Urf ul-Jabal’ (the high or elevated place of the mountain) and the flesh of the head of the cockerel is called an ‘Urf due to its high position in respect to its body.
Al-'Urf a cikin Istilaah (ma'anarsa ta ilimin ƙa'idojin harshe):
Al-‘Urf in the Istilaah (terminological definition):
Abin da mutane suka saba da shi kuma suka yi al'ada da shi, ko wannan ya shafi magana ce ko aiki.
It is what the people have made habitual and are accustomed to whether this relates to speech or an action.
Al-Ghazaaliy (rh) ya bayyana shi da cewa: "Al-'Urf shi ne abin da ya tabbata a cikin nufoos (wato a zukatan mutane sosai) ta hanyar 'uqool (hankula), kuma yanayin lafiya ya karɓe shi da karɓuwa."
Al-Ghazaaliy (rh) defined it as: “Al-‘Urf is what has settled in the Nufoos (i.e. deeply in the people) by way of the ‘Uqool (minds) and the sound nature has received it with acceptance”.
A cikin ra'ayin Fuqahaa, yana nufin al-'Aadah (al'ada, ka'ida, aiki, dabi'a).
In the view of the Fuqahaa it means the ‘Aadah (the custom, norm, practise, habit).
Al-‘Aadah an samo asali ne daga kalmar da ke nuna maimaitawa. Saboda haka, duk wanda ya aikata wani aiki ya maimaita shi har ya kai matakin da ya zama masa wahala ya bar shi, to wannan aiki ana kiransa ‘Aadah.
Al-‘Aadah is taken from which carries the meaning of repetition. Therefore, the one who comes with an action and repeats it to such a level that it becomes hard for him to leave it, that action is called an ‘Aadah.
'Urf shi ne al'adar jama'a (gama-gari). Shi ne abin da al'umma ta saba da shi kuma ta mayar da shi al'ada, har su kan bi shi a cikin maganarsu da aikinsu a rayuwarsu.
The ‘Urf is the ‘Aadah of the Jamaa’ah (collective). It is what the society has become accustomed to and made habitual so that they proceed according to it in speech and action in their lives.