Al-khaass (Na Musamman)
Al-khaass (the Specific)
Ma'anarsa:
Its definition:
Al-Khaass shine lafzin da aka tanadar ko aka yi amfani da shi don nuna wani fard guda ɗaya da ya shafi mutum, ko wani fard guda ɗaya da ya shafi jinsi (Naw'u), ko wasu adadin afraad waɗanda aka takaita ko iyakance su (watau, an ƙayyade su).
Al-Khaass is the Lafzh that has been provided or utilised to indicate to a single Fard (element) related to the person, or a single Fard related to the kind (Naw’u) or to a number of Afraad which are restricted or limited (i.e. specified).
Saboda haka yana da nau'i uku:
It therefore has three types:
Khaass Shakhsiy (shakhsi na musamman) kamar sunayen mutane, kamar: Zaid, Muhammad da Baghdaad.
- Khaass Shakhsiy (specific person) like the nouns which are names like: Zaid, Muhammad and Baghdaad.
Khaass Naw'iy (nau'i na musamman) kamar mutum, ɗan adam da mace.
- Khaass Naw’iy (specific type/kind) like man, human and woman.
Ko kuma Khaass, wanda ke nuna wasu daidaikun abubuwa (Afraad) amma ba ya nuna Al-Istighraaq (wato cikakkiyar shigar da, ko rungumar dukkan Afraad) kamar yadda 'Aamm yake yi.
- Or the Khaass which indicates to a number of individual elements (Afraad) but does not indicate Al-Istighraaq (i.e. complete absorption or taking in/encompassing) of all of the Afraad like the ‘Aamm.
Hukuncin Khaass:
The Hukm of the Khaass:
Al-Khaass (takamaiman) yana nuna kuma yana jagorantar zuwa ga ma'anar da aka kafa mata ta hanyar Dalaalah Qat'iyyah (nuni tabbatacce), wato ba tare da yiwuwar wani abu banda shi ya yi tarayya da shi ba, ko yiwuwar a ƙayyade shi (ƙarin). Wannan kamar faɗinsa (SWT):
The Khaass (specific) indicates and guides to the meaning that has been set for it by a Dalaalah Qat’iyah (definite indication) i.e. without the possibility arising for other than it to share with it or the possibility to specify it (further). This is like His Qawl (swt):
Wanda ba zai iya samun [hanya ko kudin yin hakan] ba - to, azumin kwana uku [ya wajaba a kansa] (Al-Ma'ida 89).
But whoever cannot find [a way or afford it] - then a fast of three days [is required] (Al-Maa’idah 89).
Hakan saboda kalmar "kwana uku" lafzi ne na Al-Alfaazh Al-Khaassa (kalmomi masu ma'ana ta musamman), saboda haka ma'anarta tana nuna kwana uku ba tare da ƙari ko ragi ba.
That is because the Lafzh ‘three days’ is from the Khaass (specific) Alfaazh (worded expressions) and so its meaning indicates three days without any increase or reduction.