6.4 Manfaat Pendidikan Wahyu yang Diturunkan Secara Berangsur-angsur
6.4 Educational Benefits Of Segmented Revelation
Proses pendidikan bergantung kepada dua prinsip asas berikut: (a) mengambil kira tahap mental para pelajar, dan (b) membangunkan kebolehan mental, rohani dan fizikal mereka dengan bahan yang membimbing proses pemikiran mereka ke arah yang betul. Kedua-dua prinsip penting ini telah diambil kira dengan teliti oleh wahyu al-Qur'an yang diturunkan secara berperingkat.
The process of education depends on the following two basic principles: (a) taking into account the mental level of the students, and (b) developing their mental, spiritual and physical abilities with material which guides their thought processes in the correct direction. Both of these important principles have been carefully taken into consideration by the revelation of the Qur’aan in segments.
Penggredan perundangan mengambil kira tahap masyarakat Muslim pada pelbagai peringkat perkembangannya. Penurunan pembetulan dan jawapan pada masa ia paling diperlukan melatih, membangunkan dan membimbing kemampuan mental, rohani dan fizikal ke arah yang betul.
Gradation of legislation took into account the level of the Muslim community during its various stages of development. The revelation of corrections and answers at the time when they were most needed trained, developed and guided the mental, spiritual and physical faculties in the right direction.
Soalan yang timbul secara semula jadi di sini ialah mengapa kitab-kitab wahyu terdahulu diturunkan secara sekaligus. Jawapan kepada soalan ini terletak pada peranan kitab-kitab terdahulu dan sejarah kenabian. Kitab-kitab terdahulu diturunkan dalam tempoh yang singkat dalam sejarah manusia dan ditujukan kepada kaum atau suku tertentu.
The question which naturally arises here is why the earlier books of revelation were revealed as a whole. The answer to this question lies in the role of the earlier books and the history of prophethood. The earlier books were sent for short periods in human history and were directed to specific nations or tribes.
Mereka mengandungi prinsip-prinsip yang tidak terikat kepada masa atau keadaan, dan boleh diwahyukan sekaligus, sama ada pada permulaan sesuatu misi atau pada bila-bila masa semasa misi itu berlangsung. Perlu juga diperhatikan bahawa kitab-kitab terdahulu bukanlah mukjizat pada dirinya sendiri, sedangkan dalam kes Nabi Terakhir ﷺ, ia adalah mukjizat utama yang dikurniakan kepadanya, kerana, sebagaimana telah disebutkan sebelum ini, pembahagian wahyu yang berperingkat-peringkat digabungkan dengan keseragaman gaya merupakan bukti asal-usul ilahinya. Selain itu, nabi-nabi terdahulu didahului dan diikuti oleh nabi-nabi lain, maka setiap nabi dan kitabnya mewakili satu bahagian daripada keseluruhan wahyu. Oleh itu, penggredan dalam penetapan hukum berlaku dari seorang nabi kepada nabi yang lain. Nabi Muhammad ﷺ ialah nabi yang terakhir, dan kitab wahyunya mengandungi mesej-mesej asas bagi semua kitab terdahulu. Justeru, para pengikutnya perlu disediakan dengan sewajarnya untuk menyampaikan mesej terakhir ini kepada dunia. Oleh itu, penggredan dalam penetapan hukum perlu berlaku di dalam mesej itu sendiri.
They contained principles which were not time or situation oriented and could be revealed all at once, at the beginning of a mission or at any point during it. It should also be noted that the earlier books were not in themselves miracles, whereas in the case of the Last Prophet (ﷺ), it was the major miracle given to him, for, as was mentioned earlier, the segmentation of the revelation combined with the consistency of style was a proof of its divine origin. Also, the earlier prophets were both preceded and followed by other prophets, so each prophet and his book represented a segment of the overall revelation. Thus, the gradation in legislation took place from prophet to prophet. Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was the last of the prophets and his book of revelation contained the essential messages of all previous books. Thus, his followers had to be properly prepared to carry the final message to the world. As such, the gradation in legislation had to take place within the message itself.