1948-yilda Janubiy Falastindagi shaharlar va qishloqlar, jumladan Bir as-Sabi (Beershiva) va al-Majdal shaharlari butunlay aholisiz qoldirildi.

In 1948 the towns and villages of southern Palestine, including the towns of Bir al-Sabi (Beersheba) and al-Majdal, were completely depopulated.

Al-Majdal 16-asrda qadimgi Filistinliklarga borib taqaladigan uzoq tarixga va ko'p qatlamli o'ziga xoslikka ega bo'lgan o'rta asr musulmon shahri ‘Asqalon yaqinida tashkil topgan. Uning o'rta asr arabcha nomi ‘Asqalon qadimgi Falastin nomi Ascalonni saqlab qolgan. Qadimgi Falastindagi eng qadimgi va eng katta dengiz portlaridan biri bo'lib, u Filistinliklarning beshta mashhur shaharlaridan biri edi: G'azza, Gat, Ascalon, Ashdod (zamonaviy arabcha joy nomi: Isdud), Ekron (‘Aqir). 1948-yilgi urush arafasida Al-Majdal/‘Asqalonda 10,000

Al-Majdal was established in the 16th century near the medieval Muslim city of ‘Asqalan, a city that had a long history and a multi-layered identity dating back to the ancient Philistines.Its medieval Arab name, ‘Asqalan, preserved its ancient Palestinian name, Ascalon. With one of the oldest and largest seaport in ancient Palestine, it was one of the five famous cities of the Philistines: Gaza, Gath, Ascalon, Ashdod (modern Arabic toponym: Isdud), Ekron (‘Aqir). Al-Majdal/‘Asqalan, on the eve of the 1948 war, had 10,000

...(Muslim va Xristian) aholisi bilan birga, 1948 yil oktyabrida yaqin qishloqlardan minglab qochqinlar ham ularga qo'shildi. 1948 yil 4 noyabrda Al-Majdal Isroil armiyasi tomonidan bosib olindi, uning ko'plab aholisi va qochqinlari qochib ketdi, taxminan 2700 nafar aholi, asosan ayollar va keksalar, ortda qoldi.

(Muslim and Christian) inhabitants, and in October 1948 thousands more refugees from nearby villages joined them. Al-Majdal was conquered by the Israeli army on 4 November 1948 and many of its residents and refugees fled, leaving some 2700 inhabitants, mostly women and the elderly, behind.

Ibroniy va yidish tillarida buyruqlar shaharning ko'chalarida e'lon qilindi, askarlarni shahar aholisining "nomaqbul" xatti-harakatlaridan ogoh bo'lishga ogohlantirdi. "Bunday holatlarda odatdagidek", deb yozdi Isroil razvedka zobiti, "aholining xulq-atvori xushomadgo'y va maqtovli edi" (Levy 2000). 1948 yilning dekabrida Isroil askarlari shaharni "kezib chiqdi" va qolgan aholining taxminan 500 nafarini surgun qildi. 1949 yilda Janubiy qo'mondonlik qo'mondoni Yigal Allon "talab qildi ...

Orders in Hebrew and Yiddish were posted in the streets of the town, warning the soldiers to be aware of ‘undesirable’ behaviour on the part of the town’s residents. ‘As was customary in such instances’, the Israeli intelligence officer wrote, ‘the behaviour of the population was obsequious and adulatory’ (Levy 2000). In December 1948, Israeli soldiers ‘swept through’ the town and deported some 500 of its remaining inhabitants. In 1949 the commanding officer of the Southern Command, Yigal Allon, ‘demanded ...

…shahar arablardan „bo‘shatilsin“ degan talab qo‘yildi (Masalha 1997: 9). Buni vazirliklararo komissiyaning Falastin aholisini siyraklashtirish to‘g‘risidagi qarori kuzatdi; „tark etilgan mulk“ masalasi bo‘yicha boshqa vazirlar komissiyasi esa al-Majdalni yahudiylar bilan joylashtirishga qaror qildi. Shahar yahudiylashtirilayotgan edi, va 2500

that the town be emptied of its Arabs’ (Masalha 1997: 9). This was followed by an inter-ministerial committee decision to thin out the Palestinian population; another ministerial committee, ‘on abandoned property’, decided to settle al-Majdal with Jews; the town was being Judaised, and, with 2500

Yahudiy aholi, u "Migdal-Ad" deb nomlangan. 1949 yil dekabrida ko‘proq falastinliklar ko‘proq uylarni yahudiy ko‘chmanchilar uchun, bu safar ishdan bo‘shatilgan isroillik askarlar uchun bo‘shatish maqsadida haydab chiqarildi. Shu orada Isroil armiyasi qolgan falastinliklarning hayotini azobga aylantirib, ular ketib qolishlariga umid qildi.

Jewish residents, it was named ‘Migdal-Ad’. In December 1949, more Palestinians were deported to vacate more houses for Jewish settlers, this time for discharged Israeli soldiers. In the meantime, the Israeli army made the life of those Palestinians who remained a misery, hoping they would leave.

Janubiy qo'mondonligining yangi qo'mondoni Moshe Dayan Yigal Allonning taklifiga qaytdi: «Umid qilamanki, kelgusi yillarda bu arablarni ko'chirish uchun yana bir imkoniyat paydo bo'lar [170,000

The new commanding officer of the Southern Command, Moshe Dayan, returned to the proposal of Yigal Allon: ‘I hope that perhaps in the coming years, there will be another opportunity to transfer these Arabs [170,000

[Israeli Arabs] out of the Land of Israel", Dayan said at a meeting of the ruling Mapai party on 18 June 1950. Dayan also submitted a detailed proposal for "the evacuation of the Arab inhabitants of the town of Majdal". Both the army chiefs of staff agreed, and Prime Minister Ben-Gurion authorised the plan on 19 June 1950 (Masalha 1997: 9).

Israeli Arabs] out of the Land of Israel’, Dayan said at a meeting of the ruling Mapai party on 18 June 1950. Dayan also submitted a detailed proposal for ‘the evacuation of the Arab inhabitants of the town of Majdal’. Both the army chiefs of staff agreed, and Prime Minister Ben-Gurion authorised the plan on 19 June 1950 (Masalha 1997: 9).

1950 yilning yozida, 1948 yilgi urushdan deyarli ikki yil o'tib, Majdal aholisi, ya'ni falastinliklar haydash to'g'risidagi buyruqlarni oldilar va bir necha hafta davomida ularni G'azo chegaralariga olib borishdi. Ular yuk mashinalariga ortilib, chegarada tushirib qoldirildi. Oxirgi jo'natma 229

In the summer of 1950, almost two years after the 1948 war, the Palestinian inhabitants of Majdal received expulsion orders and, over a period of a few weeks, were transported to the borders of Gaza. They were loaded onto trucks and dropped off at the border. The last delivery of 229

Odamlar 1950-yil 21-oktyabrda G‘azaga ketishdi. Isroil rasmiylari "tashlab ketilgan" uylarni yangi yahudiy ko‘chmanchilar o‘rtasida taqsimladilar. Bugungi kunga qadar al-Majdal falastinliklari G‘azadagi qochqinlar lagerlarining lachak va chayla-kulbalarida yashamoqda. 1956-yilda Migdal-Ad shahri Bibliyaga o‘xshash ohangdagi Ashkelon nomini oldi (Levy 2000). O‘shandan beri shahar faqat yahudiylar shahri sifatida saqlanib kelmoqda. Isroilning ta‘lim siyosati haqida fikr bildirib, Ben-Gurion universiteti olimi Ismoil Abu-Sa‘ad shunday yozadi:

people left for Gaza on 21 October 1950. The Israeli officials distributed the ‘abandoned’ houses among new Jewish settlers. To this very day the Palestinian inhabitants of al-Majdal live in the shacks and shanties of the refugee camps in Gaza. In 1956, Migdal-Ad changed its name to the biblical- sounding Ashkelon (Levy 2000). Since then it has been kept as a purely Jewish city. Commenting on Israeli educational policies, Ismael Abu-Sa’ad, of Ben-Gurion University, writes:

Ta'lim tizimi mahalliy tarixi va mavjudligini siqib chiqarishni "rasmiy" qilishda muhim rol o'ynaydi. Buning misoli sifatida Isroil maktablarining 6-sinf geografiya o'quv dasturidan keltirilgan matn bo'lib, u falastinlik bolalarga sohil tekisligining tarixi atigi yuz yil oldin, Yevropa yahudiy aholi punktlari paydo bo'lib, bu ilgari "tashlab qo'yilgan hudud"ni o'zgartirganidan boshlanganini o'rgatadi.

The education system is essential to making the displacement of indigenous history and presence ‘official’, through texts such as that quoted from the 6th grade geography curriculum in Israeli schools, which teaches Palestinian children that the history of the coastal plain began only a hundred years ago, with the advent of European Jewish settlement and their transformation of this previously ‘abandoned area’.

Zamonaviy (yahudiy) Tel-Aviv Arab Yofoning har qanday eslatmasini bosib o'tadi; zamonaviy (yahudiy) Ashdod (arab) Isdudning, zamonaviy (yahudiy) Ashkelon (arab) al-Majdal[-ʿAsqalan]ning o'rnini egallagan. Zamonaviy yahudiy Rishon Litzion ("Siyonda birinchi") va Gertsliya hamda boshqa ko'plab yangi shaharlar, 1948 yilda bo'shatilgan va vayron qilingan falastinlik qishloqlarning tan olinmagan manzarasi ustiga qurilgan. Mahalliy manzara o'quv dasturidan o'chirilmoqda, shu bilan birga o'quv dasturining o'zi ham uni o'chirmoqda, chunki mintaqa haqida o'qitiladigan rasmiy tarixiy va geografik materiallarda uning izi yo'q. (Abu-Sa'ad 2008: 24–25)

In the text, modern (Jewish) Tel Aviv overrides any mention of Arab Jaffa; modern (Jewish) Ashdod of (Arab) Isdud; modern (Jewish) Ashkelon of (Arab) al-Majdal[-ʿAsqalan]. Modern Jewish Rishon Litzion (‘First in Zion’) and Herzliya and numerous other new towns are superimposed upon an unacknowledged landscape of Palestinian villages emptied and demolished in 1948. The indigenous landscape is erased from the curriculum, while it is simultaneously being erased by the curriculum, because of its absence from the official historical and geographical materials being taught about the region. (Abu-Sa’ad 2008: 24–25)

Isroillik siyosiy geograf Oren Yiftachel 2008-yilda Falastin va falastinliklarning merosini jismonan va madaniy jihatdan yo‘q qilish haqida quyidagicha xulosa qilgan:

The erasure of the heritage of Palestine and the Palestinians, physically and culturally, was summarised by Israeli political geographer Oren Yiftachel in 2008 as follows:

Ko‘p o‘n yillar davomida o‘chirib tashlash harakatiga Yahudiy davlatining idoralari rahbarlik qilib keldi. Ularning maqsadi 1948 yilgacha mamlakatda yashagan arab-falastin jamiyatining izlarini yo‘q qilish va bu xalqqa sionizm yetkazgan falokatni inkor etish edi. Zo‘ravonlik, qochish, haydab chiqarish va qishloqlarning vayron qilinishidan keyin boshlangan o‘chirish esa barcha nutqlarda ko‘zga tashlanadi: darsliklarda, sionistik jamiyatning o‘ziga aytib beradigan tarixida, siyosiy nutqda, ommaviy axborot vositalarida, xaritalarda, hozir esa joylarning, yo‘llarning va chorrahalarning nomlarida ham.

The act of erasure had been led, for many decades, by the Jewish state’s apparatuses, those that aim to erase the remnants of the Arab- Palestinian society that lived in the country until 1948, and to deny the catastrophe that Zionism inflicted on this nation. The erasure that came after the violence, the flight, the expulsion and the demolition of the villages is visible in all discourses – in textbooks, the history that Zionist society tells itself, in the political discourse, in the media, in maps and now also in the names of the sites, roads, and junctions.

Falastin, Isroil ostida joylashgan, Isroilning yahudiy jismoniy haqiqatidan va nutqidan yo'qolib bormoqda.31

Palestine, which lays under Israel, is disappearing from the Israeli- Jewish physical reality and discourse.31