2. Falastin tushunchasining klassik antik davr va Ellinistik imperiyalar davridagi talqini
2. The Conception Of Palestine In Classical Antiquity And During The Hellenistic Empires
(500‒135 miloddan avvalgi)
(500‒135 BC)
Klassik va Antik davrning oxirigacha, ya'ni miloddan avvalgi 500-yillardagi klassik Afina sivilizatsiyasining eng yuksak davridan Vizantiya davrining oxirigacha va miloddan keyingi 637–638-yillarda musulmon qo'shinlari tomonidan Falastinning egallanishigacha bo'lgan 1200 yildan ortiq vaqt davomida Falastin nomi eng keng, izchil va uzluksiz qo'llanilgan nom edi.
Palestine was the name used most commonly, consistently and continuously for over 1200 years throughout classical and Late Antiquity, from the highlight of classical Athenian civilisation in 500 BC until the end of the Byzantine period and the occupation of Palestine by the Muslim armies in 637‒638 AD.
Cana’an atamasini tarixiy va rasmiy jihatdan haqiqiy bo‘lgan Palaestina toponimi o‘rniga qo‘llash — ya’ni bir ming yildan ortiq davom etgan klassik davrda ishlatilgan atamani noaniq va aniq bo‘lmagan Cana’an bilan almashtirish — bu hududning tarixini yo‘q qilishga teng bo‘lar edi hamda Klassik va Kech antik davrni tushunishda jiddiy to‘siqlar yaratar edi. Cana’an atamasini (u faqat Kech Bronza davrining cheklangan muddatidagina ma’lum bo‘lgan) Palaestina bilan almashtirish, shuningdek, mintaqaning qadimgi tarixidagi eng muhim davrlardan biri, ya’ni ilk xristianlik va Vizantiya Falastini haqida haqiqiy tarixiy bilimlarni olish imkoniyatini ham yo‘q qilar edi. Yunon tilida so‘zlashuvchi Vizantiya xristianligi Falastinda Rim imperatori Konstantin Buyuk (306–337 milodiy) hukmronligi davrida boshlangan va Falastinda musulmon hukmronligi boshlangan 637–638 milodiy yillargacha davom etgan.
To substitute the vague and imprecise term Cana’an for the real historical and official toponym Palaestina used during a classical period lasting over a millennium would be tantamount to the elimination of the history of this region and would create major obstacles to an understanding of Classical and Late Antiquity. The substitution of the term Cana’an (known only for a limited period during the Late Bronze Age) for Palaestina would also eliminate the possibility of any real historical knowledge of one of the most important periods in the ancient history of the region, namely early Christianity and Byzantine Palestine. Greek-speaking Byzantine Christianity in Palestine began in the reign of the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great (306–337 AD) and lasted until the beginning of Muslim rule in Palestine in 637‒638 AD.