Isroil Kommunistik partiyasi 1923-yilda Falastinda faqat yahudiy ashkenazi partiya sifatida boshlangan. Tarixiy jihatdan Ashkenazi yahudiylarining "ona tili" (mame-loshn) hisoblangan va Sharqiy Yevropa yahudiylarining ko'pchiligi gapiradigan til bo'lgan idish tilida partiya Palestinishe Komunistishe Partei deb atalgan. "Yangi ivrit" tili ustunlik qila borgach, partiya oxir-oqibat Isroilda o'zining ivrit nomi bilan tanilgan: Ha-Miflaga Ha-Komunistit Ha-Yisraelit. Biroq Britaniya mandati davridagi Falastinda uning arabcha nomi Falastin Kommunistik partiyasi (al-Hizb al-Shuyu'i al-Filastini) edi. 1923-yilda PCP chap qanot sionist ko'chmanchilar bilan Falastinga kelgan Sharqiy Yevropa yahudiy muhojirlari orasidagi sionist bo'lmagan kommunistlarning koalitsiyasi sifatida tashkil topdi.

The Israeli Communist Party began as an exclusively Jewish Ashkenazi party in Palestine in 1923. With Yiddish being the historical and literally the ‘mother language’ (mame-loshn) of the Ashkenazi Jews and being a language spoken by many East European Jews, the Communist Party was called in Yiddish: Palestinishe Komunistishe Partei. With the ‘new Hebrew’ being in ascendancy, the party became eventually known in Israel by its Hebrew name: Ha-Miflaga Ha-Komunistit Ha-Yisraelit. In Mandatory Palestine, however, its Arabic name was the Palestine Communist Party (al-Hizb al-Shuyu’i al-Filastini). In 1923, the PCP was born as a coalition of left-wing Zionist settlers and non-Zionist communists among the East European Jewish immigrants to Palestine.

Partiyaning asosi va dastlabki yillarida u asosan yahudiy bo'lgan, u kichik bo'lib qolgan, ammo Mandat davri Falastinining ko'p qismida ko'pchiligi Sharqiy Yevropadan kelgan yahudiylardan iborat bo'lgan (Younis 2000: 117).

At its foundation and in its early years the party was predominantly Jewish and it remained small but overwhelmingly composed of East European Jews during much of Mandatory Palestine (Younis 2000: 117).

Mandat davrining ko'p qismida stalinchilar hukmronlik qilgan bu partiya 1947 yil oxirida, Sovet Ittifoqi BMT ning Bo'lish rezolyutsiyasini qo'llab-quvvatlaganidan so'ng, mamlakat uchun Falastin o'rniga "Eretz Yisrael" degan sionistik nomni qabul qildi va 1948 yilgi urushning eng og'ir bosqichlarida Isroil Davlati uchun Chexoslovakiyadan harbiy yordam olishda muhim rol o'ynadi.31 Shuningdek, 1948 yilda partiya rahbari Meir Vilner Isroilning sionistik "Mustaqillik Xartiyasi" (Megilat ha-ʿAtzmaut) ga imzo chekdi, unda mamlakat bir necha bor Isroil yeri (ivrit: Eretz Yisrael) deb atalgan. Nakbadan keyingi davrda partiya Isroil Falastin fuqarolarining, ya'ni "Isroil arablari" deb ataladiganlarning isroillashtirilishiga hissa qo'shgan kollektiv xotirani targ'ib qildi.

Dominated by Stalinists throughout much of the Mandatory period, in late 1947, following the Soviet Union’s support for the UN Partition Resolution, the party embraced a Zionist designation for the country, ‘Eretz Yisrael’ (instead of Palestine) and were instrumental in securing military assistance from Czechoslovakia for the State of Israel during the toughest stages of the 1948 war.31 Also in 1948 the leader of the party, Meir Vilner, was a signatory to the Israeli Zionist ‘Independence Charter’ (Megilat ha-ʿAtzmaut), which repeatedly described the country as the Land of Israel (Hebrew: Eretz Yisrael). In the post-Nakba period the party promoted a collective memory which contributed to the Israelification of the Palestinian citizens of Israel, the so-called ‘Israeli Arabs’.

Shu bilan birga, Mandat davrining dastlabki yillarida falastinlik arablar mehnat harakatini yaratdilar va Falastin Arab Ishchilar Jamiyatini (Jam’iyyat al-ʿUmmal al-ʿArabiyyah al-Filastiniyyah) tashkil etdilar. Bu falastinlik arablarning asosiy mehnat tashkiloti bo‘lib, 1925 yilda Haydadа shtab-kvartirasi bilan tashkil topgan hamda Nazaret, Yaffa va Majdal ‘Asqalonda filiallari bo‘lgan. 1937 yildan 1947 yilgacha uning bosh kotibi Sami Taha (1916–1947) bo‘lgan. U Jenin yaqinidagi ‘Arrabah shahrida tug‘ilgan, keyinroq oilasi Haydaga ko‘chib kelgan va Mandat davrida falastinlik arablarning asosiy mehnat yetakchisi bo‘lgan (Lockman 1996: 259). U 1947 yil 12 sentyabrda Haydada o‘ldirilgan.

At the same time, during this early Mandatory period, the Palestinian Arabs created a labour movement and set up the Palestine Arab Workers Society (Jam’iyyat al-ʿUmmal al-ʿArabiyyah al-Filastiniyyah), the main Palestinian Arab labour organisation, established in 1925 with headquarters in Haifa, and branches in Nazareth, Jaffa and Majdal ‘Asqalan. From 1937 to 1947 its general secretary was Sami Taha (1916–1947) – born in ‘Arrabah, a town near Jenin, his family later moved to Haifa – who was the main Palestinian Arab labour leader during the Mandatory period (Lockman 1996: 259). He was assassinated in Haifa on 12 September 1947.

1920-1930-yillarda va 1930-yillarda Falastindagi yahudiy kommunistlari Falastin Arab Ishchilar Jamiyati bilan yaqin aloqalarni saqlab turdilar.

Throughout the 1920s and 1930s the Palestine Jewish communists maintained close relations with the Palestine Arab Workers Society.

Ikkinchi jahon urushining o‘rtasida, 1943 yilda, Falastin Kommunistik partiyasi Stalinning Yaqin Sharq siyosatiga moslashish bosimi ostida Falastin milliy harakatining asosiy maqsadlari bilan to‘qnashib qoldi. Partiya o‘zining radikal antisionistik falastinlik arab a’zolari bilan ajralib chiqdi, ular 1944 yilda Milliy ozodlik ligasini tuzdilar. Sionistik chap qanot ta’siriga tushib va Sovet qarashini qabul qilib, ya’ni sionizmni burjua millatchiligining bir shakli deb hisoblab, PKP o‘z nomini MAKEY ga – Eretz Yisroil Kommunistik partiyasiga (“Isroil yerining kommunistik partiyasi”) o‘zgartirdi. Bu 1947 yil noyabrdagi BMT bo‘linish rezolyutsiyasini qo‘llab-quvvatlaganidan keyin sodir bo‘ldi va bu sionistik tafakkurning markaziy atamasini qabul qilish edi. Falastin kommunistlari birinchi marta sionistik atama Eretz Yisroil (“Isroil yeri”) dan foydalanganlar. Bundan tashqari, MAKEY rahbari Meir Vilner-Kovner 1948 yil maydagi Isroil mustaqillik e’lonining imzolovchilaridan biri bo‘ldi. Bu hujjatning ibroniycha matnida Falastin atamasi tilga olinmaydi, faqat Eretz Yisroil haqida so‘z boradi. Hujjat sionizmning asosiy afsonalaridan ba’zilarini qayta takrorlash bilan boshlanadi:

In the middle of the Second World War, in 1943, the Palestine Communist Party, under pressure to accommodate the Middle Eastern policies of Stalinist Russia, came into conflict with the key aims of the Palestinian national movement. The party split with the more radical anti-Zionist Palestinian Arab members, who formed the National Liberation League in 1944. Coming under Zionist left-wing influences, and endorsing the Soviet notion that Zionism was a form of bourgeois nationalism, the PCP changed its name to MAKEY, the Communist Party of Eretz Yisrael (‘the Communist Party of the Land of Israel’) – after endorsing the UN Partition Resolution of November 1947 – embracing a term central to Zionist thinking. This was the first time the Palestine communists had used the Zionist term Eretz Yisrael (‘Land of Israel’). Furthermore, the leader of MAKEY, Meir Vilner-Kovner, was one of the signatories of the Israeli Declaration of Independence of May 1948, a document whose Hebrew text does not mention the term Palestine and talks only about Eretz Yisrael. The document begins with rehashing some of the founding myths of Zionism:

Isroil yeri yahudiy xalqining tug'ilgan joyi edi.

[The Land of Israel] was the birthplace of the Jewish people.

Aynan shu yerda ularning ruhiy, diniy va siyosiy o‘ziga xosligi shakllandi.

Here their spiritual, religious and political identity was shaped.

Aynan shu yerda ular birinchi marta davlatchilikka erishdilar, milliy va umumbashariy ahamiyatga ega madaniy qadriyatlar yaratdilar hamda dunyoga abadiy Kitoblar Kitobini berdilar.32

Here they first attained statehood, created cultural values of national and universal significance and gave to the world the eternal Book of Books.32

Bundan tashqari, eng muhimi, partiya 1948–1949 yillarda Chexoslovakiyadan sionistik harbiy tashkilotlarga qurol yetkazib berishda ishtirok etgan. Bu yetkazib berishlar 1948 yilda Falastindagi harbiy vaziyatni tubdan o‘zgartirdi va Isroil davlatining tashkil topishi uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega bo‘ldi. 1948 yildan boshlab partiyaning yahudiy a’zolari Isroil armiyasida ham xizmat qilib kelmoqda.

Also, crucially, the party was involved in arms shipments from Czechoslovakia to the Zionist military organisations in 1948‒1949 – deliveries which radically altered the military balance on the ground in Palestine in 1948 and proved significant for the establishment of the Israeli state. Since 1948 the Jewish members of the party have also served in the Israeli army.

1948 yildan keyin partiya Isroil parlament siyosatida ishtirok etib, MAKEY nomi bilan tanildi. 1965 yilda yana bir ichki parchalanishdan so'ng, asosiy parlament fraksiyasi Rakah nomi bilan tanildi; bu nom Yangi Kommunistik Ro'yxat (ivrit tilida: Reshima Komunistit Hadasha) so'zlarining qisqartmasi edi. Shu bosqichga kelib partiya "Yashil chiziq" doirasidagi, Isroil Knessetida (parlamentda) vakillikka ega, asosan falastinlik arablardan iborat partiyaga aylangan edi. Tarixan, xususan 1948 yildan beri, partiyaning siyosiy platformasi asosan Isroil ichidagi falastinliklarning teng huquqliligi va fuqarolik huquqlariga qaratilgan edi. Bugungi kunda partiya Hadash nomi bilan tanilib, bu nom ivrit tilidagi Ha-Hazit Ha-Demokratit Le-Shalom (Tinchlik va Tenglik uchun Demokratik Front; arab tilida: al-Jabhah ad-Dimuqratiyyah lis-Salam wal-Musawah) so'zlarining qisqartmasidir. Uning siyosiy platformasi esa ikki davlatli yechimga sodiqdir.

Bedevilled by contradictory tendencies, after 1948 the party took part in Israeli parliamentary politics and became known as MAKEY. After another internal split in 1965, the main parliamentary faction became known as Rakah, an acronym for the New Communist List (Hebrew: Reshima Komunistit Hadasha). By this stage the party was a predominantly Palestinian Arab party within the Green Line with representation in the Israeli Knesset (parliament). Historically, and in particular since 1948, the party’s political platform largely focused on equality and civil rights for the Palestinians within Israel. Today the party is known as Hadash, a Hebrew acronym for Ha-Hazit Ha-Demokratit Le-Shalom (Democratic Front for Peace and Equality; Arabic: al-Jabhah ad-Dimuqratiyyah lis-Salam wal-Musawah), with a political platform committed to the two-state solution.