27.1 Qullarga munosabat
27.1 Treating Slaves
Islom qullarga shunday munosabatda bo‘ldiki, bu munosabat ularning majburan qullikka tushgan ahvolini yengillashtirdi va ularni majburiy hamda ixtiyoriy ravishda ozod qilishga olib keldi. Bu masalada u ko‘plab qoidalar belgiladi, fuqaholar ularni to‘liq tafsilotlari bilan batafsil bayon qildilar. Bu qoidalar quyidagi masalalarda jamlanadi:
Islam treated slaves with a treatment resulting in making easier the position of the slavery imposed upon him, and resulting in freeing them compulsorily and voluntarily. It placed many rules in this matter which the fuqaha elaborated in complete detail. These rules summarized in the following issues:
1. Islom qul egalari bor bo'lgan jamiyatni topdi, shu sababli u qullar va ularning egalari o'rtasidagi muammolarni shunday yondashuv bilan hal qildiki, bu yondashuv qullarga huquqlar berdi va ularni inson sifatidagi qadr-qimmatini saqlab qoldi, xuddi erkin odam kabi, insonga tabiatan ato etilgan tabiiy sifatlar nuqtai nazaridan. Alloh (SWT) Oliy Qur'onda, Payg'ambar ﷺ esa sharafli hadislarida qullarga mehr-shafqat ko'rsatishga va ular bilan mehr bilan muomala qilishga da'vat etdilar. Alloh (SWT) shunday deydi:
1. Islam found people owning slaves so it treated the problems of slaves between the owners with a treatment giving the slaves rights and preserving him his consideration of being a human being like the free person in relation to the natural attributes man was naturally endowed with. Allah (swt) exhorted in the Noble Qur’an as did the Messenger (saw) in the honoured hadith with kindness to slaves and living with them kindly. Allah (swt) said: