Q 144: Apa dalil tekstual tentang Takdir Seumur Hidup pada Hari Perjanjian?
Q 144: What is the textual proof of the Life-time Pre-ordainment on the Day of Covenant?
A--- Allah Yang Maha Kuasa berfirman: {Dan (ingatlah) ketika Tuhanmu mengeluarkan dari sulbi anak-anak Adam, keturunan mereka, dan Dia mengambil kesaksian terhadap jiwa mereka (seraya berfirman): "Bukankah Aku ini Tuhanmu?" Mereka menjawab: "Benar (Engkau Tuhan kami), kami menjadi saksi"}. (Al-A'raf: 172)
A--- Allah the Almighty says: {And (remember) when your Lord brought forth from the Children of Adam, from their loins, their seed (or from Adam's loin his offspring) and made them testify as to themselves (saying): "Am I not your Lord?" They said: "Yes! We testify"}. (Al-A' raf, 172)
Ibnu Ishaq Ibnu Rahawaih meriwayatkan bahwa seorang laki-laki berkata: "Wahai Rasulullah! Apakah amal-amal itu dimulai (sekarang), ataukah segala sesuatu telah ditetapkan?" Beliau ﷺ menjawab: "Ketika Allah Yang Maha Perkasa mengeluarkan anak-anak Adam dari sulbinya, Dia membuat mereka bersaksi atas diri mereka sendiri, kemudian Dia meletakkan mereka di telapak tangan-Nya dan berfirman: 'Ini untuk surga dan ini untuk neraka, dan aku tidak peduli.' Maka penghuni surga dimudahkan bagi mereka amal penghuni surga, dan penghuni neraka dimudahkan bagi mereka amal penghuni neraka." Dalam Al-Muwatta' karya Imam Malik: Umar Ibnul Khattab (semoga Allah meridhainya) ditanya tentang ayat ini: {Dan (ingatlah) ketika Tuhanmu mengeluarkan keturunan anak-anak Adam dari sulbi mereka dan Dia mengambil kesaksian terhadap jiwa mereka (seraya berfirman): "Bukankah Aku ini Tuhanmu?" Mereka menjawab: "Benar (Engkau Tuhan kami), kami menjadi saksi."}. (Al-A'raf: 172) Beliau (Umar) berkata: "Aku mendengar Rasulullah ﷺ ketika ditanya tentang hal yang sama..."
Ibn Ishaq Ibn Rahawaih narrated that a man said: "O Allah's Messenger! Are deeds to be initiated, or is everything already ordained?' He (Peace be upon him) said: 'When Allah the Almighty brought out the Children of Adam from his loin, He made them testify as to themselves, then He put them in His Palm and said: 'these are for Paradise and these are for Hell- :fire. The people of Paradise are facilitated for them the deeds of the people of Paradise, and the people of Hellfire are facilitated for them the deeds of the people of Hellfire. " In Al-Muwata' of Imam Malik: 'Vmar Ibn AIKhattab (May Allah be pleased with him) was asked about this verse: {And (remember) when your Lord brought forth from the Children of Adam, from their loins, their seed (or from Adam's loin his offspring) and made them testify as to themselves (saying): "Am I not your Lord?" They said: "Yes! We testify, "}. (Al-A'raf, 172) He (`Umar) said: "I heard Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) when asked (the same question)
Allah, Maha Suci Dia, menciptakan Adam, lalu Dia mengusap punggungnya dengan Tangan Kanan-Nya hingga mengeluarkan dari punggungnya keturunan, dan berfirman: "Aku menciptakan mereka untuk Surga dan (maka) mereka akan melakukan amalan penghuni Surga." Kemudian Dia mengusap punggungnya dan mengeluarkan dari punggungnya keturunan, dan berfirman: "Aku menciptakan mereka untuk Neraka dan (maka) mereka akan melakukan amalan penghuni Neraka." (Malik, Abu Dawud, Ahmad dan At-Tirmidzi)
about it saying: 'Allah, Glory is His, created Adam, then He wiped his back with His Right Hand, till He brought out. of him offspring and said: 'I created these for Paradise and (so) they will proceed to the deeds of the people of Paradise.' Then, He wiped his back and brought out of him offspring and said: 'I created these for Hellfire and (so) they will proceed to the deeds of the people of Hellfire.’” (Malik, Abu Dawud, Ahmed and At- Tirmidhi)
Dalam At-Tirmidzi: 'Abdullah bin 'Amr (semoga Allah meridhai keduanya)
In At-Tirmidhi: 'Abdullah Ibn 'Amr (May Allah be pleased with them)
Rasulullah ﷺ keluar menemui kami sambil memegang dua buah kitab di tangannya. Beliau bersabda: "Tahukah kalian apa dua kitab ini?" Kami menjawab: "Tidak, wahai Rasulullah! Maukah engkau memberitahu kami?" Beliau bersabda mengenai kitab yang ada di tangan kanannya: "Ini adalah Kitab dari Tuhan semesta alam, di dalamnya terdapat nama-nama penduduk surga beserta nama ayah dan kabilah mereka. Tidak akan ada yang ditambahkan lagi padanya, dan tidak akan ada yang dikurangi darinya selamanya." Kemudian beliau bersabda mengenai kitab yang ada di tangan kirinya: "Ini adalah Kitab dari Tuhan semesta alam, di dalamnya terdapat nama-nama penduduk neraka beserta nama ayah dan kabilah mereka. Tidak akan ada yang ditambahkan lagi padanya, dan tidak akan ada yang dikurangi darinya selamanya." Para sahabat Nabi ﷺ berkata: "Lalu mengapa kita masih beramal, padahal segala sesuatunya telah ditetapkan?" Beliau ﷺ bersabda: "Yakinlah kalian berada di jalan yang benar. Jika kalian tidak mampu menjalankannya dengan sempurna, berusahalah melakukan sebanyak yang kalian mampu (untuk mengamalkan ideal kesederhanaan ini), sebab amal penghuni surga akan ditutup dengan amal yang baik, apa pun yang telah ia kerjakan." Kemudian beliau ﷺ bersabda: "Tuhanmu telah menyelesaikan (urusan) para hamba: segolongan di surga dan segolongan di neraka." At-Tirmidzi berkata: Ini adalah hadits hasan sahih.
said: Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) came out to us holding two books in his hands. He said: "'Do you know what these two books are?' We said: 'No, O Allah's Messenger! Would you tell us?' He said pertaining to that in his right hand, 'This is a Book from the Lord of the Worlds, in which there are names of the people of Paradise, the names of their fathers and tribes, none will ever be added, nor taken away therefrom.’ Then, he said pertaining to that which is in his left hand, 'This is a Book from the Lord of the Worlds, in which there are names of the people of Hell-fire, the names of their fathers and tribes, none will ever be added, nor taken away therefrom. ' The companions of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) said: 'Why do we then labor while everything is settled down?' He (Peace be upon him) said: 'Be sure you are on the right course, and if you fail to observe this perfectly, try to do as much as you can (to live up to this ideal of moderation), the deeds of one from among the people of Paradise would be concluded with a good deed no matter what he did.’ Then, he (Peace be upon him) said: 'Your Lord accomplished (all that concerns) the slaves: a group in Paradise and a group in Hell-fire.” AtTirmidhi said: This is a Good, Authentic Hadith.
Referensi: 200 FAQ tentang Keyakinan Muslim - Syekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami