Q 207: Apa yang harus kita perhatikan terkait para sahabat Nabi ﷺ dan keluarga beliau?
Q 207: What do we must observe regarding the companions of the Prophet and his household?
A--- Kita harus menjaga hati dan lisan kita tetap bersih dan selamat terhadap mereka semua. Kita hendaknya berupaya menyebarkan keutamaan dan kebajikan mereka, serta menghindari pembicaraan tentang setiap fitnah yang timbul di antara mereka. Kita juga harus menjaga kehormatan dan kemuliaan mereka sebagaimana kita diajarkan oleh Allah Yang Maha Tinggi, yang menyebut mereka dalam Kitab-Kitab-Nya: Taurat, Injil, dan Al-Qur'an yang mulia. Selain itu, terdapat banyak hadis yang menerangkan keutamaan mereka dan keistimewaan yang tiada tandingannya. Allah Yang Maha Tinggi berfirman:
A--- We should keep our hearts and tongues clean and sound regarding them all. We should work on spreading their merits and virtues, along with avoiding discussing any of the troubles aroused among them. We should also refer to their dignity and honor as we are taught by Allah the Almighty Who mentioned them in His Books: Torah, Gospel and the Glorious Qur'an. Also, there are so many Hadiths informing us of their merits and unprecedented virtues. Allah the Almighty says:
{Muhammad adalah utusan Allah ﷺ. Dan orang-orang yang bersamanya keras terhadap orang-orang kafir, berkasih sayang sesama mereka. Engkau melihat mereka rukuk dan sujud (dalam shalat), mencari karunia dari Allah dan keridhaan-Nya. Tanda mereka (yakni keimanan mereka) tampak pada wajah mereka (dahi mereka)}
{Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. And those who are with him are severe against disbelievers, and merciful among themselves. You see them bowing and falling down prostrate (in prayer), seeking Bounty from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure. The mark of them (i.e. of their Faith) is on their faces (foreheads)
dari bekas sujud (saat salat). Inilah gambaran mereka dalam Taurat. Adapun gambaran mereka dalam Injil adalah seperti benih (yang ditanam) yang mengeluarkan tunasnya, lalu menguatkannya, lalu menjadi tebal dan berdiri tegak di atas batangnya, menyenangkan hati para penanam, agar Dia membuat orang-orang kafir jengkel karena mereka. Allah telah menjanjikan kepada orang-orang yang beriman di antara mereka (yaitu semua orang yang mengikuti Tauhid Islam, agama Nabi Muhammad ﷺ, hingga Hari Kiamat) dan mengerjakan amal-amal saleh, ampunan dan pahala yang besar (yaitu surga){. (Al-Fath, 29)
from the traces of prostration (during prayers). This is their description in the Taurat (Torah). But their description in the Injeel (Gospel) is like a (sown) seed which sends forth its shoot, then makes it strong, and becomes thick and it stands straight on its stem, delighting the sowers, that He may enrage the disbelievers with them. Allah has promised those among them who believe (i.e. all those who follow Islamic Monotheism, the religion of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) till the Day of Resurrection) and do righteous good deeds, forgiveness and a mighty reward (i.e. Paradise)}. (Al-Fath, 29)
Allah Yang Maha Kuasa berfirman: {Dan orang-orang yang beriman, kemudian berhijrah dan berjihad di jalan Allah (Al-Jihad), serta orang-orang yang memberi tempat tinggal dan pertolongan, mereka itulah orang-orang beriman yang sebenarnya. Bagi mereka ampunan dan rezeki yang mulia (yakni surga)}. (Al-Anfal: 74)
Allah the Almighty says: {And those who believed, and emigrated and strove hard in the Cause of Allah (Al-Jihad), as well as those who gave them) asylum and aid- these are the believers in truth, for them is forgiveness and Rizqun Karim (a generous provision i.e. Paradise)}. (Al-Anfal, 74)
Allah Yang Maha Kuasa berfirman: {Dan orang-orang yang terdahulu lagi pertama-tama (masuk Islam) di antara orang-orang Muhajirin dan Ansar dan orang-orang yang mengikuti mereka dengan baik, Allah ridha terhadap mereka dan mereka pun ridha kepada-Nya. Dan Dia menyediakan bagi mereka surga-surga yang mengalir sungai-sungai di bawahnya; mereka kekal di dalamnya selama-lamanya. Itulah kemenangan yang agung}. (At-Taubah, 100)
Allah the Almighty says: {And the foremost to embrace Islam of the Muhajirun (those who migrated from Mecca to AI-Madinah) and the Ansar (the citizens of AI-Madinah who helped and gave aid to the Muhajirun) and also those who followed them exactly (in Faith). Allah is well pleased with them as they are well pleased with Him. He has prepared for them Gardens under which rivers flow (Paradise), to dwell therein forever. That is the supreme success}. (At -Taubah, 100)
Allah Yang Maha Kuasa berfirman: {Sungguh, Allah telah menerima taubat Nabi, orang-orang Muhajirin dan orang-orang Ansar yang mengikuti Nabi dalam masa-masa sulit, setelah hati segolongan dari mereka hampir berpaling (dari kebenaran), kemudian Dia menerima taubat mereka. Sesungguhnya Dia Maha Pengasih lagi Maha Penyayang kepada mereka} (At-Taubah: 117)
Allah the Almighty says: {Allah has forgiven the Prophet ((Peace be upon him)), the Muhajirun (Muslim emigrants who left their homes and came to AI-Madinah) and the Ansar (Muslims of AlMadinah) who followed him (Muhammad (Peace be upon him)) in the time of distress (Tabuk expedition), after the hearts of a party of them had nearly deviated (from the Right Path), but He accepted their repentance. Certainly, He is unto them full of Kindness, Most Merciful}. (At- Taubah, 117)
Allah Yang Maha Kuasa berfirman: {(Dan ada pula bagian dalam harta rampasan ini)
Allah the Almighty says: {(And there is also a share in this booty)
Bagi orang-orang fakir dari kalangan Muhajirin yang diusir dari kampung halaman dan harta benda mereka, yang mencari karunia dari Allah dan keridaan-Nya, serta menolong Allah (yakni menolong agama-Nya) dan Rasul-Nya (Muhammad ﷺ). Mereka itulah orang-orang yang benar (dalam keimanannya). Dan (harta rampasan itu juga untuk) orang-orang yang telah menempati kota (Madinah) dan telah beriman sebelum (kedatangan) mereka (Muhajirin). Mereka mencintai orang-orang yang berhijrah kepada mereka, dan mereka tidak merasa iri hati di dalam dada mereka terhadap apa yang diberikan kepada orang-orang Muhajirin itu (dari harta rampasan Bani An-Nadhir). Mereka lebih mengutamakan (orang-orang Muhajirin) daripada diri mereka sendiri, meskipun mereka sendiri dalam keadaan membutuhkan. Dan barang siapa dipelihara dari kekikiran dirinya, maka mereka itulah orang-orang yang beruntung.
for the poor emigrants, who were expelled from their homes and their property, seeking Bounties from Allah and to please Him, and helping Allah (i.e. helping His religion) and His Messenger (Muhammad (Peace be upon him)). Such are indeed the truthful (to what they say).And (it is also for) those who, before them, had homes (in Al-Madinah) and had adopted the Faith, love those who emigrate to them, and have no jealousy in their breasts for that which they have been given (from the booty of Banu AnNadir), and give them (emigrants) preference over themselves even though they were in need of that. And whosoever is saved from his own covetousness, such are they who will be the successful}. (Al-Hashr, 8, 9)
Selain itu, kita harus mengetahui dan meyakini bahwa Allah telah memandang para pejuang Badar dan berfirman: "Lakukanlah apa yang kalian kehendaki, karena Aku telah mengampuni kalian." (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim) Jumlah mereka adalah 313 (tiga ratus tiga belas). Kita juga meyakini bahwa "Tidak ada seorang pun dari mereka yang membaiat di bawah pohon yang akan masuk neraka." (HR. Muslim) Namun, Allah ridha kepada mereka dan mereka pun ridha kepada-Nya. Terlebih lagi, jumlah mereka pada Hari Hudaibiyah adalah seribu empat ratus (atau lima ratus).
In addition, we should know and believe that Allah has already looked at the Badr warriors and said: "Do whatever you like, for I have forgiven you." (Bukhari and Muslim) Their number was 313 (three hundred and thirteen). Also, we believe that "None from among those who paid the pledge under the tree would enter Hell-fire.” (Sahih Muslim) But, Allah was pleased with them and they with Him. Moreover, they were one thousand and four hundred (or, five hundred) on the Day of Hudaibiya.
Allah Yang Maha Kuasa berfirman: {Sesungguhnya Allah telah ridha terhadap orang-orang mukmin ketika mereka berbai'at kepadamu (wahai Muhammad ﷺ) di bawah pohon, maka Allah mengetahui apa yang ada dalam hati mereka, lalu Dia menurunkan As-Sakinah (ketenangan dan ketenteraman) kepada mereka, dan memberi balasan kepada mereka dengan kemenangan yang dekat}. (Al-Fath: 18)
Allah the Almighty says: {Indeed, Allah was pleased with the believers when they gave the Bai'ah (pledge) to you (O Muhammad (Peace be upon him)) under the tree: He knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down As-Sakinah (calmness and tranquillity) upon them, and He rewarded them with a near victory}. (Al-Fath, 18)
Kami bersaksi bahwa mereka adalah generasi terbaik dari umat ini (Ummah/Komunitas), yang merupakan umat dan komunitas terbaik di antara seluruh bangsa. Selain itu, jika seseorang dari generasi yang datang setelah mereka menginfakkan emas sebesar gunung Uhud, hal itu tidak akan mencapai satu mud dari salah seorang dari mereka atau setengahnya. Kami juga meyakini bahwa mereka tidaklah maksum; mereka mungkin melakukan kesalahan, tetapi mereka telah berupaya sebaik-baiknya untuk menegakkan apa yang benar dan hak.
We testify that they Were the best of all generations of this Ummah (Community) which is the best of all nations and communities. Besides, if one amongst the generations to come after them were to spend as much gold as Uhud, it would not amount to as much as one Mudd of one of them or half of it. We also believe in that they were not infallible; they might do some mistakes, but they did their best to establish what is right and true.
Hal yang sama dapat dikatakan tentang para istri beliau yang mulia dan keluarga beliau yang terhormat, yang hanya Allah kehendaki untuk menghilangkan Ar-Rijs (perbuatan keji dan dosa) dari mereka dan menyucikan mereka sesuci-sucinya ﷺ.
The same can be said about the honorable wives of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and his dignified household whom Allah wished only to remove Ar-Rijs (evil deeds and sins) from them and to purify them with a thorough purification.
Selain itu, kami berlepas diri dari setiap orang yang di dalam hatinya atau di lisannya terdapat sesuatu yang buruk terhadap para sahabat Nabi ﷺ dan keluarga beliau yang mulia. Kami memohon kepada Allah Yang Maha Perkasa sebagai saksi atas kecintaan kami kepada mereka, keteladanan kami mengikuti mereka, dan pembelaan kami terhadap mereka, sesuai dengan sabda Nabi Muhammad ﷺ: "Janganlah seorang pun mencela sahabat-sahabatku." Bahkan beliau ﷺ bersabda: "Aku tinggalkan di antara kalian dua perkara berat: yang pertama adalah Kitabullah, maka ikutilah dan berpegang teguhlah padanya." Kemudian beliau ﷺ bersabda: "Dan keluargaku, aku mengingatkan kalian kepada Allah demi keluargaku." Hadis ini diriwayatkan dalam dua kitab Sahih, yaitu Bukhari dan Muslim.
Moreover, we acquit ourselves from all in whose hearts or on whose tongues there were something bad pertaining to the companions of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and his honorable household. We call Allah the Almighty to witness our love for them, following them, and defense for them in application to the will of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him): "None should revile my companions.” Rather, he (Peace be upon him) says: "I leave amongst you two weighs: the first is Allah's Book, so follow stick to it firmly.” Then, he (Peace be upon him) says: "And my household, I remind you with Allah for the sake of my household.” This Hadith is transmitted in the two Sahihs: Bukhari and Muslim.
Referensi: 200 FAQ tentang Keyakinan Muslim - Syekh Hafiz bin Ahmad Al Hakami
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami