许多穆斯林的行为与其伊斯兰信仰(‘aqīdah,即信条)相悖,许多伊斯兰人物的表现也可能与其伊斯兰身份不相符。有些人认为,此类行为和举止明显与伊斯兰信条不相容。

Many Muslims perform actions in discord with their Islamic ‘aqīdah (creed) and many Islamic personalities may display behaviour contradicting their Islamic personalities. Some (people) believe that such actions and behavior clearly incompatible with the Islamic ‘aqīdah (creed)

这将使此人脱离伊斯兰教，从而剥夺他伊斯兰的人格（shakhsiyya）。

would take the person out of Islam and would therefore divest him from his Islamic shakhsiyya (personality).

事实是，穆斯林行为上的任何缺失，都不会使他失去其伊斯兰人格（shakhsiyya）。这是因为，他可能无意中未能将自己的观念与其信仰（‘aqīdah）相联系；或者他可能不知道这些观念与其信仰或伊斯兰人格之间存在矛盾；或者沙特才（Shaytān，撒旦）可能影响他的内心，从而使他在某一行为上远离这一信仰。于是他的行为可能与其信仰不相符，或与穆斯林对其宗教（deen，生活方式）应有的品格相悖，或违背真主 الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ 的命令及祂的禁令。他可能做了上述全部或部分事情，却仍然信奉这一信仰，并以之作为其思想与倾向的基础。因此，在这类情况下，说此人已经背离伊斯兰或已成为非伊斯兰人格，是不正确的。只要他信奉伊斯兰信仰，即便在某项行为上有悖逆，他仍是穆斯林；只要他以伊斯兰信仰作为其思想与倾向的基础，即便在其全部行为中的某一具体举止上有所违犯，他仍具有伊斯兰人格。关键在于信奉这一信仰，并以之作为思想与倾向的基础，即便在行为与操行上存在不足。

The truth is that any gap in the conduct of a Muslim does not divest him from his Islamic shakhsiyya (personality). This is because he may inadvertently fail to associate his concepts with his ‘aqīdah (creed) or he may be ignorant of the contradiction between such concepts and his ‘aqīdah (creed) or his Islamic shakhsiyya (personality) or Shaytān (Satan) may influence his heart and thus cause him to distance himself from this ‘aqīdah (creed) in one of his acts, so he might act in a manner that is incompatible with his ‘aqīdah (creed) or that contradicts the attributes of a Muslim adherent to his deen (way of life) or go against the commands of Allah الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ and His الله سُبْحَانَهُۥ وَتَعَالَىٰ prohibitions. He may do all or some of this whilst still embracing the ‘aqīdah (creed) and employing it as the basis for his thought and inclinations. Thus it is incorrect in such cases to say that the person has left Islam or that he has become a non-Islamic shakhsiyya (personality). As long as he embraces the Islamic ‘aqīdah (creed) he remains a Muslim even if he is disobedient in an act amongst the acts. As long as he adopts the Islamic ‘aqīdah (creed) as the basis for his thought and inclinations he is an Islamic shakhsiyya (personality) even if he trangresses in a specific conduct from amongst the totality of his behaviour. What matters is the embracing of the ‘aqīdah (creed) and the adopting of it as the basis for thought and inclinations, even though there may be shortfalls in acts and conduct.