20.7 准备伊斯兰军队
20.7 Preparing The Islamic Army
伊斯兰军队的筹备应从公库(Bait al-Mal)中支出,因为公库的财富用于穆斯林的利益。因此,公库的用途之一便是装备战士。据此,无论军队分为多少支队、军事组织有多少方面,都有义务将战士组织成一支伊斯兰军队,由哈里发领导。无论旗帜有多少面,军队都必须处于同一面旗帜之下。整支军队的筹备都应从公库支出,而非其他来源;如果有人想为某些战士提供装备,尽管公库存在,这笔开支仍应交付公库,由公库负责为军队的一切事务进行筹备,无论大小。 如果公库中没有资金,而又迫切需要筹备军队以保卫穆斯林,哈里发有责任征集所需的数额,因为这是所有穆斯林的义务。如果公库中确有资金,来源于公库的常规收入,则应用于此。如果没有,其义务则落在穆斯林身上,因此哈里发向乌玛征收,以承担军队及其筹备的费用。用于筹备军队的开支,属于为主道(fi sabil Allah)所支出的款项,无论军队是否处于战争状态,因为圣战将持续到末日,为战斗做好一切必要准备的工作也将持续到末日。
The preparation of the Islamic army takes place from the Bait al-Mal since the wealth of the Bait al-Mal is disposed for the interests of Muslims. So among that which it is disposed for is preparing fighters. Accordingly it is obliged to organise the fighters in one Islamic army under the leadership of the Khalifah however numerous the divisions of the army and the military aspects of its organisation. They must all be under one flag however numerous its banners. The preparation of the whole army is from the Bait al-Mal not from elsewhere; if anyone wishes to prepare any of the fighters, despite the presence of the Bait al-Mal, this is paid to the Bait al-Mal. Preparation takes place from it for everything small or big for the army. If there is no money in Bait al-Mal and there is urgent need to prepare the army to defend the Muslims, it is upon the Khalifah to oblige the amount required for this is what is obligatory upon all Muslims. If there does exist money in Bait al-Mal from the permanent revenues of Bait al-Mal, it is used for this. If not, its obligation falls upon the Muslims’ so the Khalifah takes it from the Ummah to undertake its expenses for the army and its preparation. What is spent in preparing the army is from the money spent in the way of Allah (swt) whether the army was in a state of war or not, as jihad is continuous till the Day of Judgement and preparing the army with all that is necessary for fighting is continuous until the Day of Judgement.