A cikin kotun shari'ar Musulunci, alkali guda ɗaya ne kaɗai ke da alhakin kowace shari'a. Yana da ikon yanke hukunci bisa Alkur'ani da Sunnah. Sauran alƙalai za su iya ba da shawara ko taimako ne kawai, idan alƙalin da ke jagorantar shari'ar ya nemi hakan.

In an Islamic law court only one judge is responsible for any trial. He has the authority to pronounce judgements based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. Other judges may only advise or assist, if requested to do so by the presiding judge.

Ana iya aiwatar da hukunce-hukuncen Musulunci ne kawai idan an tabbatar da hujjar a fili babu shakka, kuma an cika dukkan sharuddan da suka dace (misali, shaidu huɗu don tabbatar da zina). Idan akwai wani shakka game da hujjar, to ana watsi da dukkan shari'ar.

Islamic punishments can only be administered when the evidence is proven to be definite and all relevant conditions are met (for example four witnesses to prove adultery). If there is any doubt over the evidence the whole case is thrown out.

Akwai nau'o'i uku na alƙali a Musulunci:

There are three types of judge in Islam :