Tsarin shari'a a Musulunci ya ginu ne a kan Shari'ah kawai. Dole ne mu lura da cewa ba za a iya cika adalci ba sai idan an aiwatar da Musulunci gaba ɗaya. Yin akasin haka zai nufin barin wasu sassan umarnin Allah, da karɓar mulkin mutum a matsayin wanda ya fi iya magance matsalar da ke gaba. Hakan ba wai kawai yana haifar da rushewar jin daɗin al'umma ba, har ila yau yana nuna cewa Allah (SWT) ba shi ne Mai Mulki na gaskiya ba. Mun samu a cikin Alkur'ani, Allah (SWT) yana cewa wa Annabi ﷺ:

The judicial system in Islam is solely based on the Shari‘ah. We must be mindful of the fact that justice cannot be fully served until and unless Islam is applied in its totality. To do otherwise, would mean leaving parts of Allah’s commandments and accepting the rule of man as better able to cope with the issue at hand. This not only leads to the disruption of the society’s well-being but is also an acknowledgement that Allah (swt) is not truly the Sovereign. We find in the Qur’an, Allah (swt) says to the Prophet (saw) :

“Amma a'a, na rantse da Ubangijinka, ba za su yi imani ba (na gaskiya) sai sun naɗa ka mai hukunci a cikin dukan rigingimun da suke tsakaninsu, sa'an nan kuma ba za su sami wani ƙunci a cikin zukatansu ba game da hukuncinka, amma su karɓa da cikakken yarda.” [TMQ 4:65]

“But no by your Lord they can have no (real) faith until they make you judge in all disputes between them and in their souls find no resistance against your decisions but accept them with the fullest conviction.” [TMQ 4:65].

Ana tattaunawa cikakkun bayanan tsarin shari'ar Musulunci a wani wuri (duba Tsarin Shari'a), amma yana da amfani a tattauna nan dangantakar tsarin mulki da kotuna.

The details of the Islamic judicial system are discussed elsewhere (see the Judicial System), but it is useful to discuss here the relationship of the ruling system with the courts.

Wannan rukuni na alkalai a cikin tsarin mulki na Musulunci ya ƙunshi alkalai waɗanda ke warware rikice-rikicen da ke tasowa tsakanin mutane da Gwamnati. Wannan alkali yana da iko a cikin wata kotu da ake kira Mahkamat al-Madhaalim (Kotun Ayyukan Zalunci) a cikin Daular Musulunci. A takaice, an naɗa alkalin Kotun Ayyukan Zalunci ne domin kawar da duk wani aikin zalunci a cikin Daular Musulunci, ko waɗanda Khaleefah, gwamnoni, ko duk wani jami'in Gwamnati ke aikatawa. A cikin rikice-rikice tsakanin mutane da jami'an Daular Musulunci, alkalin wannan kotu yana da hakkin ya cire jami'in Gwamnati daga aiki da zarar an tabbatar da sakacinsa wajen bin Shari'ah ko zaluncin da ya yi wa mutane.

This category of judges within the ruling system of Islam consists of judges who settle disputes arising among the people and the State. This judge has jurisdiction within a court called Mahkamat al-Madhaalim (the Court of Unjust Acts) in the Islamic State. In essence, this judge of the Court of Unjust Acts is appointed to remove all unjust acts within the Islamic State, whether they are committed by the Khaleefah, governors, or any other official of the State. In cases of disputes between the people and the officials of the Islamic State, the judge of this court has the right to dismiss the official of the State once his negligence of the Shari‘ah or injustice committed upon the people is established.

Misali, wannan kotu na iya bincikar duk al'amuran da Daular Musulunci ta aiwatar wadanda suka shafi nuna wariya ga 'yan kasa, rashin dacewar aiwatar da Shari'ah, rashin dacewar fassara Shari'ah ko Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Daular Musulunci, sakaci daga bangaren Khaleefah wajen bin shawarwarin da aka ba shi, sanya haraji ba bisa ka'ida ba a kan 'yan kasar Daular Musulunci, da sauransu.

As examples, this court may investigate all matters executed by the Islamic State involving discrimination upon citizens, improper application of the Shari‘ah, improper interpretation of the Shari‘ah or the Constitution of the Islamic State, negligence by the Khaleefah of the opinions given to him, forcing a tax unduly upon the citizens of the Islamic State, etc.

Wata shari'ar al'amari mai ban sha'awa tana tasowa idan aka yi nazari kan wani hali da ya shafi sakaci da Khaleefah ya yi wa Shari'ah. Qadi al-Madhaalim zai iya yanke hukunci biyu: ko dai ya goyi bayan ayyukan Khaleefah, ko kuma ya yi adawa da shi. Idan hukuncin ya goyi bayan Khaleefah, to umarnin sa zai ci gaba da kasancewa, kuma hakan zai sa al'amarin ya zama daidai, ba sakaci ba. Idan kuma alkali ya yanke hukunci a kan Khaleefah, wanda ke nufin sakaci da Shari'ah, to dole ne Khaleefah ya bi hukuncin alkalin. Idan ya ki yi, alkali zai sami izinin cire Khaleefah daga matsayinsa bisa dalilin sakaci da Shari'ah.

An interesting situation arises when a case is studied involving the Khaleefah’s negligence of the Shari‘ah. The Qadi al-Madhaalim will have to either pass a judgement in favour of the actions of the Khaleefah or against him. If it is in favour of the Khaleefah, then the Khaleefah’s mandate will remain, and will, in fact, render the case as being proper and not negligence. If, on the other hand, the judge decides against the Khaleefah, which entails negligence of the Shari‘ah, the Khaleefah must abide by the judgement of the judge. If he fails to do so, the judge will be authorised to remove the Khaleefah from his position on the grounds of negligence of Shari‘ah.