9 Tsarin Ilimi
9 The Education System
9.1 Bayanai game da Tsarin Ilimi
9.1 Facts About the Education System
A cikin Daular Musulunci, makarantu, cibiyoyi da jami'o'i da masu mulkin mallaka na kasashen waje da wakilansu suka kafa suka kuma gudanar a baya, kamar Aitcheson College, Lahore, St Joseph's School, Dhaka, St Johns Institution, Kuala Lumpur da sauransu, za a rufe su. Wadannan cibiyoyi an kafa su ne da gangan domin koyar da matasan Musulmi ra'ayoyin da ba na Musulunci ba, da kuma shuka musu a zuciya girman kai da kwadayin salon rayuwar Yammacin Duniya.
In the Islamic State, schools, institutions and universities which were previously set up and run by the foreign imperialists and their agents, such as Aitcheson College, Lahore, St Joseph’s School, Dhaka, St Johns Institution, Kuala Lumpur etc. will be shut down. These are institutions deliberately set up to inculcate young Muslims with non-Islamic ideas to implant in their minds awe and adulation of the Western way of life.
Daular Musulunci za ta sami sashen watsa labarai nata wanda za ta yi amfani da shi wajen yada Musulunci da dabi'un Musulunci a duniya baki ɗaya, da kuma karyata duk ƙarairayi da ruɗun da kafirai suka yada. Za a yi amfani da duk sabbin hanyoyin sadarwa na fasaha da kimiyya, kamar tauraron dan adam, wasikun lantarki, taron sadarwa ta bidiyo da sauransu, a cikin neman ilimantar da 'yan kasar Khilafah. Kafofin watsa labarai na waje kamar BBC World Service, CNN, Voice of America da sauransu, waɗanda ke cikin duniyar Musulmi domin ruɗe, kai hari ga Musulmi da karkatar da su daga Musulunci, za a hana su.
The Islamic State will have its own media department which it will use to propagate Islam and the Islamic values throughout the world and refute all the lies and misconceptions that have been propagated by the disbelievers. All the latest technological and scientific means of communications, such as satellite, electronic mail, teleconferencing etc. will be tapped, used and explored by the State in its quest to educate the citizens of Khilafah. Foreign media sources like BBC World Service, CNN, Voice of America etc., which exist in the Muslim world to confuse, attack and divert Muslims from Islam will be banned.
Kafofin watsa labarai na jama'a, talabijin, rediyo, jaridu, littattafai da taruka su ne hanyoyin da ake da su da za a iya amfani da su a cikin Daular Musulunci. Ba a buƙatar izini don kafa kowane daga cikin waɗannan, muddin abin da suke yadawa yana cikin iyakokin Musulunci.
Mass media, TV, Radio, newspapers, books and conferences are the existing means which can be used within the Islamic State. No permission is required to set up any of the above, provided what they propagate is within the bounds of Islam.
A yau Musulmi a duniya suna fama da matsalar rashin ilimin karatu da rubutu mai ban mamaki, misali a Pakistan da Bangladesh. Manzon Allah ﷺ ya magance matsalar rashin iya karatu tsakanin Musulmi kai tsaye. Ya sanya fansar kowane fursuna a yakin Badar ta zama koyar da Musulmai goma karatu. Daular Musulunci za ta yi kokari wajen tabbatar da cewa kowane Musulmi ya zama ko malami (mujtahid) ko mai ilimi mai bin ilimi (muttabi‘i).
Today the Muslim world is plagued by astonishingly high levels of illiteracy, e.g. Pakistan and Bangladesh. The Messenger of Allah (saw) tackled head on the issue of illiteracy amongst Muslims. He (saw) made the ransom of each prisoner at Badr to teach ten Muslims how to read. The Islamic State would strive to ensure every Muslim thus turns into either a scholar (mujtahid) or an informed learner (muttabi‘i).
A mafi yawan tarihin Musulunci, kowane babban birni a cikin Khilafah yana da dakunan karatu na jama'a da na masu zaman kansu. Dakunan karatu irin su na Cordoba da na Baghdad suna alfahari da tarin littattafai sama da 400,000.
During most of Islamic history, every major city within the Khilafah possessed public and private libraries. Libraries such as Cordoba and Baghdad boasted collections of over 400,000 books.
Harshen Larabci ya zama harshen kimiyya mafi muhimmanci saboda fassarar ayyukan Aristotle, Plato, makarantar Pythagoras, ilimin taurarin Girka, Ptolemy da Euclid. Malaman Musulunci sun tattauna tare da karyata yawancin ra'ayoyin wadannan malamai, misali littafin Imam Ghazzali 'Tahafut al-Falasifah' ('Karyata Masana Falsafa') da littafin Ibn Taymiyya 'Kitab ul Ibtal' ('Littafin Rashin Ingancin Ra'ayi').
Arabic became the most important scientific language due to translation of works of Aristotle, Plato, Pythagorean school, Greek astronomy, Ptolemy and Euclid. Muslim scholars discussed and refuted many of the ideas of these scholars, e.g. Imam Ghazzali’s ‘Tahafut al- Falasifah’ (‘Refutation of the Philosophers’) and Ibn Taymiyya’s ‘Kitab ul Ibtal’ (‘Book of Invalidity’).
Amfani da Musulmi da lambar sifiri (zero), wadda a baya babu ita a ilimin lissafi, ya bada damar samun manyan ci gaba, inda aka warware matsalolin da suka kasance ba a warware su ba na shekaru aru-aru.
The Muslims use of the Zero, which was previously absent in mathematical sciences enabled great advances, solving problems that for centuries remained unsolved.
Masana lissafi musulmi ne suka ƙirƙira tare da bunƙasa ilimin algebra, kuma ra'ayin algorithms ya samo asali ne daga Al-Khwarizmi, wani sanannen malamin musulunci wanda ya rayu a cikin Daular Musulunci, kuma aka sanya masa suna.
Muslim mathematicians devised and developed algebra, and the concept of algorithms were thought up (and named after) Al-Khwarizmi, a famous Muslim scholar who lived in the Islamic State.
Gwamnatin Khilafah za ta tabbatar da ilimi kyauta ga kowane namiji da mace (Musulmi da wadanda ba Musulmi ba) a matakin firamare da sakandare. Za a karfafa ilimi a matakai na gaba, kuma Gwamnati za ta taimaka wajen biyan kudin wadanda suke son yin hakan gwargwadon iyawarta.
The Khilafah State would ensure the provision of free education to every male and female (Muslim and non-Muslim) at both primary and secondary levels. Education at higher levels would be encouraged and the State would help in funding those who wish to do so as much as possible.
Daular Khilafah za ta kafa ɗakunan karatu da dakunan gwaje-gwaje baya ga makarantu da kwalejoji, domin ba da damar waɗanda suke son ci gaba da karatu su yi hakan, a fannoni daban-daban kamar fiqhu, hadisi da tafsiri, ko likitanci, injiniyanci na farar hula, ilimin kimiyya tsantsa da sauransu.
The Khilafah State would set up libraries and laboratories in other than the schools and colleges in order to enable those who wish to take up further studies to do so, in various subjects such as fiqh, hadith and tafseer, or medicine, civil engineering, pure sciences etc.
MAGANI: Likitocin Musulmi sun ƙirƙiri kayan aikin tiyata da yawa don yin aiki, haka kuma sun bayyana abubuwa marasa adadi na ilimin kimiyyar likitanci, kamar haka:
MEDICINE : Muslim physicians developed many surgical instruments to perform operations, as well as describing countless other aspects of medical science, such as :
Al-Razi ya yi amfani da barasa a matsayin maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma ya sami maganin cutar ɗan kaji (smallpox) a ƙarni na 10. Ibn Sina ya gano cutar sankarau (meningitis) ya kuma yi mata magani a ƙarni na 11, littafinsa na magani (Al-Qanun) kuma an yi amfani da shi a matsayin littafin tunani na asali a Turai shekaru aru-aru bayan haka. Ibn al-Nafis ya bayyana ƙaramar zagayawar jini a ƙarni na 14. Kalmomin ‘Retina’ da ‘Cataract’ sun samo asali ne daga harshen Larabci. Musulmi sun ƙware sosai a ilimin ido, sun bayyana yadda ido yake aiki, kuma sun ƙirƙiro hanyoyin tiyata don magance cutar cataract a ƙarni na 13 (duk miladiyya).
Al-Razi used alcohol as an antiseptic, and found a treatment for smallpox in the 10th century. Ibn Sina diagnosed and treated meningitis in the 11th century, and his textbook of medicine (Al-Qanun) was used as a standard reference in Europe for centuries after. Ibn al-Nafis described the minor circulation of blood in the 14th century. The words ‘Retina’ and ‘Cataract’ derive from Arabic. Muslims were expert in ophthalmology, and explained the workings of the eye, and devised surgical procedures to remedy cataracts during the 13th century (all CE).
Kimiyya ta bunkasa a ƙarƙashin Tsarin Ilimin Musulunci. Musulmi sun kasance a kan gaba a duniya a fannoni kamar: lissafi, geometry, ilimin gani (optics), ilmin taurari (astronomy), magani, kimiyyar lissafi (physics), ilimin kimiyyar halitta, injiniyanci da sauran fannoni da yawa.
Science flourished under the Islamic Education System. The Muslims were the most advanced in the world in fields such as : mathematics, geometry, optics, astronomy, medicine, physics, natural sciences, engineering and many others.
Khalifa Harun al-Rashid ya kasance yana hukunta iyayen da ba su tabbatar da cewa 'ya'yansu sun koyi karatu da furta harshen Larabci ba. Haka kuma ya bayar da kuɗaɗen ƙarfafawa ga duk wanda zai koyar da, ya koya, ya yada, ko ya yi muhawara a kan al'amuran addini.
The Khaleefah Harun al-Rashid would punish parents who had not ensured that their children had learned to read and pronounce Arabic. He also provided financial incentives for any who would teach, learn, propagate or debate issues of the deen.